Feminisme kulit hitam
Feminisme kulit hitam memandang bahwa pengalaman wanita kulit hitam memberikan kebangkitan pemahaman tertentu soal posisi mereka dalam kaitannya dengan seksisme, penindasan kelas dan rasisme.[1][2] Pengalaman wanita kulit hitam tak dapat terpisahkan dalam istilah orang kulit hitam atau wanita, tetapi harus dijelaskan lewat interseksionalitas, sebuah istilah yang dicetuskan oleh cendekiawan hukum Kimberlé Crenshaw pada 1989[3][4]
Referensi sunting
- ^ Kelly, Jennifer (2003) [2000]. "Black feminist consciousness". Dalam Code, Lorraine. Encyclopedia of feminist theories. Abingdon and New York: Routledge. hlm. 56–57. ISBN 978-0-415-13274-9. OCLC 43060471.
- ^ Collins, Patricia Hill. "Defining Black Feminist Thought". feministezine.com. The Feminist EZine. Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal 2007-03-02. Diakses tanggal May 31, 2007.
- ^ Crenshaw, Kimberley (January 1, 1989). "Demarginalizing the Intersection of Race and Sex: A Black Feminist Critique of Antidiscrimination Doctrine, Feminist Theory and Antiracist Politics". The University of Chicago Legal Forum. 140: 139–167. Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal 2019-09-16. Diakses tanggal 2019-09-09.
- ^ "Intersectionality: The Double Bind of Race and Gender" (PDF). Diarsipkan dari versi asli (PDF) tanggal 2012-01-18.
Bacaan tambahan sunting
- Erin D. Chapman, "A historiography of black feminist activism" History Compass (2019) https://doi.org/10.1111/hic3.12576 Diarsipkan 2023-07-19 di Wayback Machine. abstract Diarsipkan 2021-03-18 di Wayback Machine.
- Refuse The Silence, Women of Color in Academia Speak Out Diarsipkan 2017-04-22 di Wayback Machine.
- Third World Women's Alliance. Black Women's Manifesto (1970. On-line Diarsipkan 2011-09-26 di Wayback Machine.)
- Patricia Hill Collins, Black Feminist Thought: Knowledge, Consciousness and the Politics of Empowerment (1990) and Black Sexual Politics: African Americans, Gender, and the New Racism (Routledge, 2005)
- bell hooks, Ain't I a Woman?: Black Women and Feminism (1981)
- Molara Ogundipe-Leslie, Re-Creating Ourselves: African Women & Critical Transformations (1994)
- Home Girls: A Black Feminist Anthology (Kitchen Table: Women of Color Press, 1983; Reed. 2000)
- This Bridge Called My Back: Writings by Radical Women of Color, edited by Cherríe Moraga and Gloria E. Anzaldúa (Persephone Press, 1981; 2nd edn 1984, Kitchen Table: Women of Color Press; translated into Spanish in 2002 by Cherríe Moraga, Ana Castillo, and Norma Alarcón)
- Muhs, Gabriella Gutiérrez y; Harris, Angela P.; Flores Niemann, Yolanda; González, Carmen G. (2012). Presumed Incompetent: The Intersections of Race and Class for Women in Academia. Boulder, Colorado: University Press of Colorado. ISBN 978-0-87421-922-7.
- Springer, Kimberly (Summer 2002). "Third wave Black feminism?". Signs. 27 (4): 1059–1082. doi:10.1086/339636. JSTOR 10.1086/339636.
- Benard, Akeia A.F. (October–December 2016). "Colonizing Black female bodies within patriarchal capitalism". Sexualization, Media, & Society. 2 (4): 237462381668062. doi:10.1177/2374623816680622.
- Harnois, Catherine E (2010). "Race, Gender and the Black women's Standpoint". Sociological Forum. 25 (1): 68–85. doi:10.1111/j.1573-7861.2009.01157.x.
- McClaurin, Irma, ed. (2001). Black Feminist Anthropology. Rutgers University Press.