Kedutaan Besar Amerika Serikat di Yerusalem

Kedutaan Besar Amerika Serikat di Yerusalem
Kedutaan Besar Amerika Serikat di Yerusalem
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Koordinat	31°44′52″N 35°13′29″E / 31.74778°N 35.22472°E
Lokasi	Yerusalem, Israel
Alamat	14 David Flusser Street
Duta Besar	David M. Friedman; (March 29, 2017–present)
Situs web	il.usembassy.gov

Kedutaan besar Amerika Serikat di Yerusalem adalah kedutaan besar Amerika Serikat untuk Israel.

Sejarah

Kedutaan ini dibuka di Yerusalem pada 14 Mei 2018, bertepatan dengan hari ulang tahun kemerdekaan Israel ke-70.^[1] Kedutaan tersebut dipindahkan dari Tel Aviv oleh pemerintahan Donald Trump dan berada di lokasi yang sebelumnya sebagai Konsulat Amerika Serikat.

Langkah itu diambil setelah 23 tahun berlakunya Undang-Undang Kedutaan Besar Yerusalem 23 oktober 1995 yang menetapkan batas waktu 31 Mei 1999 untuk memindahkan kedutaan.^[2] Clinton, Bush, dan Obama menangguhkan pemindahan kedutaan. Eugene Kontorovich mengaku bahwa keputusan untuk menggeser kedutaan besar Amerika Serikat ke Yerusalem sama saja dengan Amerika Serikat mengakui kedaulatan Israel atas tanah itu setelah Perang Enam Hari pada tahun 1967.

Lokasi

Kedutaan ini melintasi Garis Demarkasi Yerusalem, yang terletak sebagian di Yerusalem Barat dan sebagian di "no man's land".^[3]^[4]

Dampak

Pejabat Palestina memperingatkan bahwa hal itu dapat menyebabkan "perang tidak aktif" dan kekerasan.^[5] Pembukaan kedutaan terjadi selama hari paling berdarah sepanjang sejarah protes perbatasan Gaza 2018, dengan lebih dari 57 warga Palestina tewas.^[6]^[7]

Langkah Amerika Serikat ini menyebabkan beberapa negara lain untuk menyatakan niat mereka untuk memindahkan kedutaan mereka ke Yerusalem. Dua hari setelah Kedutaan Besar AS dibuka, Guatemala membuka kedutaan besar di Yerusalem.^[8] Menteri Luar Negeri Prancis Jean-Yves Le Drian mengatakan, "Keputusan Ini bertentangan dengan hukum internasional dan khususnya resolusi dari Dewan Keamanan dan Majelis Umum PBB".

Lihat juga

Referensi

^ "Editorial: On the 70th anniversary of the establishment of Israel, its people would do well to reflect on the peaceful spirit of the agreement". The Independent. London, England: Independent Print Ltd. May 12, 2018. Diakses tanggal May 15, 2018.
^ Jerusalem Embassy Act of 1995, Pub.L. 104-45, November 8, 1995, 109 Stat. 398.
^ Stephen Farrell, Maayan Lubell, U.S. Jerusalem embassy lies 'at the end of the world', Reuters, 14 May 2018: "In February, U.S. State Department spokeswoman Heather Nauert conceded that the embassy site “is located partly in West Jerusalem and what’s called the no man’s land”. This was confirmed by a senior United Nations official, who was not authorized to speak publicly given the sensitivity of the issue. “There is some uncertainty about exactly where the line runs through the property, but I don’t think there is any uncertainty about the fact that the line runs through it,” he told Reuters. “Under international law it is still occupied territory, because neither party had any right to occupy the area between the lines.” When Trump recognized Jerusalem as Israel’s capital he left the door open for Israel and the Palestinians to divide the city between them by stating he was not taking a position on “the resolution of contested borders”. But Nabil Shaath, a veteran Palestinian diplomat, said the embassy’s relocation could complicate future peace talks. “Setting the embassy on No Man’s Land is really a violation of the demographic and geographic division of Jerusalem,” he said last week."
^ Isabel Kershner, New U.S. Embassy May Be in Jerusalem, but Not in Israel,' New York Times 7 March 2018.
^ "Impact of moving U.S. Embassy from Tel Aviv to Jerusalem". CBS News. Diakses tanggal May 15, 2018.
^ Wagner, Meg; Ries, Brian (May 14, 2018). "Dozens die in Gaza as US Embassy opens: Live updates". CNN. Atlanta, Georgia. Diakses tanggal May 15, 2018.
^ Holmes, Oliver; Balousha, Hazem (May 15, 2018). "Palestinians to bury 58 people killed in US embassy protests". The Guardian. London, England: Guardian Media Group. Diakses tanggal May 15, 2018.
^ TOI staff and Raphael Ahern (May 15, 2018). "Guatemala set to open Jerusalem embassy, days after US". Times of Israel.

[1] "Editorial: On the 70th anniversary of the establishment of Israel, its people would do well to reflect on the peaceful spirit of the agreement". The Independent. London, England: Independent Print Ltd. May 12, 2018. Diakses tanggal May 15, 2018.

[2] Jerusalem Embassy Act of 1995, Pub.L. 104-45, November 8, 1995, 109 Stat. 398.

[Reuters-3] Stephen Farrell, Maayan Lubell, U.S. Jerusalem embassy lies 'at the end of the world', Reuters, 14 May 2018: "In February, U.S. State Department spokeswoman Heather Nauert conceded that the embassy site “is located partly in West Jerusalem and what’s called the no man’s land”. This was confirmed by a senior United Nations official, who was not authorized to speak publicly given the sensitivity of the issue. “There is some uncertainty about exactly where the line runs through the property, but I don’t think there is any uncertainty about the fact that the line runs through it,” he told Reuters. “Under international law it is still occupied territory, because neither party had any right to occupy the area between the lines.” When Trump recognized Jerusalem as Israel’s capital he left the door open for Israel and the Palestinians to divide the city between them by stating he was not taking a position on “the resolution of contested borders”. But Nabil Shaath, a veteran Palestinian diplomat, said the embassy’s relocation could complicate future peace talks. “Setting the embassy on No Man’s Land is really a violation of the demographic and geographic division of Jerusalem,” he said last week."

[Kershner-4] Isabel Kershner, New U.S. Embassy May Be in Jerusalem, but Not in Israel,' New York Times 7 March 2018.

[5] "Impact of moving U.S. Embassy from Tel Aviv to Jerusalem". CBS News. Diakses tanggal May 15, 2018.

[cnnlive-6] Wagner, Meg; Ries, Brian (May 14, 2018). "Dozens die in Gaza as US Embassy opens: Live updates". CNN. Atlanta, Georgia. Diakses tanggal May 15, 2018.

[7] Holmes, Oliver; Balousha, Hazem (May 15, 2018). "Palestinians to bury 58 people killed in US embassy protests". The Guardian. London, England: Guardian Media Group. Diakses tanggal May 15, 2018.

[8] TOI staff and Raphael Ahern (May 15, 2018). "Guatemala set to open Jerusalem embassy, days after US". Times of Israel.

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