Kerajaan Rattanakosin
kerajaan di Asia Tenggara
Kerajaan Rattanakosin (bahasa Thai: อาณาจักรรัตนโกสินทร์, IPA: [āːnāːt͡ɕàk ráttanákōːsǐn] atau sering disebut Kerajaan Siam juga Kerajaan Bangkok adalah pusat kekuatan tradisional keempat dalam Sejarah Thailand. Kerajaan ini didirikan pada tahun 1782 dengan pendirian Bangkok sebagai ibu kota.
Kerajaan Rattanakosin[a] อาณาจักรรัตนโกสินทร์ (Thai) Anachak Rattanakosin Kerajaan Siam[b] ราชอาณาจักรสยาม (Thai) Ratcha-anachak Sayam | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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1782–1932 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Lagu kebangsaan:
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Lingkup pengaruh Rattanakosin, 1805 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Peta administratif Siam, 1916 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Ibu kota | Bangkok | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Bahasa resmi | Thai (Siamese) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Spoken languages | Thailand Tengah, Thai Selatan, Thai Utara, Lao, Khmer, Melayu, Bermacam-macam Bahasa Cina[2] | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Agama |
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Demonim | Siamese | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Pemerintahan |
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Monarki | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
• 1782–1809 (pertama) | Phutthayotfa Chulalok | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
• 1809–1824 | Phutthaloetla Naphalai | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
• 1824–1851 | Nangklao | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
• 1851–1868 | Mongkut | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
• 1868–1910 | Chulalongkorn | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
• 1910–1925 | Vajiravudh | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
• 1925–1932 (terakhir) | Prajadhipok | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Istana Depan | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
• 1782–1803 (pertama) | Maha Sura Singhanat | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
• 1868–1885 (terakhir) | Wichaichan | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Legislatif | Tidak ada[c] | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Era Sejarah | Early modern era, modern period | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
• Establishment | 6 April 1782 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
1785–1786 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
20 June 1826 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
1826–1828 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
1841–1845 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
• Westernization and nationalism | 1851–1932 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
18 April 1855 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
24 June 1932 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Populasi | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
1,000,000–4,000,000 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
• 1929[7] | 11,506,207 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Mata uang |
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Zona waktu | ICT (UTC+07:00) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Format tanggal | dd/mm/yyyy (BE) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Lajur kemudi | kanan | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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Sekarang bagian dari | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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Referensi
sunting- Greene, Stephen Lyon Wakeman. Absolute Dreams. Thai Government Under Rama VI, 1910–1925. Bangkok: White Lotus, 1999
- Wyatt, David, Thailand: A Short History, Yale University Press, 1984
- ^ Silpa-1 (6 July 2017). ""สยาม" ถูกใช้เรียกชื่อประเทศเป็นทางการสมัยรัชกาลที่ 4". ศิลปวัฒนธรรม (dalam bahasa Thai). Diakses tanggal 10 August 2017.
- ^ Lieberman, Victor (2003). Strange Parallels: Volume 1, Integration on the Mainland: Southeast Asia in Global Context, c. 800–1830 (Studies in Comparative World History) (edisi ke-Kindle). Cambridge University Press. ISBN 978-0521800860.
- ^ a b Baker, Chris; Phongpaichit, Pasuk. A History of Thailand 4th edition. Cambridge University Press.
- ^ Lieberman, Victor (2003). Strange Parallels: Volume 1, Integration on the Mainland: Southeast Asia in Global Context, c. 800–1830 (Studies in Comparative World History) (edisi ke-Kindle). Cambridge University Press. hlm. 295. ISBN 978-0521800860. "Siam's population must have increased from c. 2,500,000 in 1600 to 4,000,000 in 1800."
- ^ Thailand, economy and politics. Kuala Lumpur; New York : Oxford University Press. 1995. ISBN 978-967-65-3097-4.
- ^ Baker, Chris; Phongpaichit, Pasuk (2022). A History of Thailand. Cambridge University Press. hlm. 26. ISBN 978-1-009-01483-0.
- ^ "Number of population in Thailand : 1911–1990 census years". web.nso.go.th. National Statistical Office. 2004. Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal 24 March 2022. Diakses tanggal 14 January 2022.