Mary Mallon
Mary Mallon (23 September 1869 – 11 November 1938), juga dikenal sebagai Typhoid Mary, adalah seorang tukang masak kelahiran Irlandia yang menginfeksi 53 orang dengan demam tifoid, tiga diantaranya meninggal, dan orang pertama di Amerika Serikat yang diidentifikasikan sebagai orang tanpa gejala dari penyakit tersebut.[1] Karena ia bekerja sebagai tukang masak, dimana ia menyebarkan penyakit tersebut kepada orang lain, ia dua kali dipaksa karantina oleh otoritas, dan meninggal usai tiga dasawarsa dalam isolasi.[2][3]
| Mary Mallon | |
|---|---|
.jpg) Mallon pada 1909 | |
| Lahir | 23 September 1869 Cookstown, County Tyrone, Irlandia |
| Meninggal | 11 November 1938 (umur 69) Riverside Hospital, North Brother Island, New York, Amerika Serikat |
| Makam | Saint Raymond's Cemetery, The Bronx, New York, Amerika Serikat |
| Kebangsaan | Irlandia |
| Nama lain |
|
| Pekerjaan | Tukang masak |
| Dikenal atas | Orang tanpa gejala demam tifoid |
Referensi sunting
- ^ "'Typhoid Mary' Dies Of A Stroke At 68. Carrier of Disease, Blamed for 51 Cases and 3 Deaths, but Immune". The New York Times. November 12, 1938. Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal June 5, 2011. Diakses tanggal February 28, 2010.
Mary Mallon, the first carrier of typhoid bacilli identified in America and consequently known as Typhoid Mary, died yesterday in Riverside Hospital on North Brother Island.
- ^ The Gospel of Germs: Men, Women, and the Microbe in American Life, ISBN 0674357086
- ^ Typhoid Mary: An Urban Historical, ISBN 160819518X
Sumber sunting
- Walzer Leavitt, Judith; Numbers, Ronald L., ed. (1997). "Typhoid Mary Strikes Back". Sickness and Health in America: Readings in the History of Medicine and Public Health (dalam bahasa Inggris). 3. Wisconsin: The University of Wisconsin Press. ISBN 0299153207.
- Adler, Richard; Mara, Elise (2016). Typhoid Fever: A History (dalam bahasa Inggris). McFarland. hlm. 137–146. ISBN 978-1-476622095.
- Campbell Bartoletti, Susan (2015). Terrible Typhoid Mary: A True Story of the Deadliest Cook in America (dalam bahasa Inggris). Boston: Houghton Mifflin Harcourt. hlm. 142. ISBN 978-0-544-31367-5.
- Carey, Catherine (1989-06-18). "Mary Mallon's Trail of Typhoid". FDA Consumer (dalam bahasa Inggris). Vol. 23 no. 1. hlm. 18–21.
- Walzer Leavitt, Judith (1996). Typhoid Mary: Captive to the Public's Health
. Putnam Publishing Group. ISBN 978-0807021026. - Walzer Leavitt, Judith (1995). "Women and Early Public Health". Dalam Linda K. Kerber; Alice Kessler-Harris; Kathryn Kish Sklar. U.S. History as Women's History: New Feminist Essays (dalam bahasa Inggris). London: Chapel Hill. hlm. 156. ISBN 0-8078-4495-0.
- Cliff, Andrew; Smallman-Raynor, Matthew (2013). Oxford Textbook of Infectious Disease Control: A Geographical Analysis from Medieval Quarantine to Global Eradication. Oxford University Press. hlm. 86. ISBN 978-0-199-59661-4.
- Soper, George A. (October 1939). "The Curious Career of Typhoid Mary". Bulletin of the New York Academy of Medicine. 15 (10): 698–712. PMC 1911442
. PMID 19312127. - Job Readiness for Health Professionals: Soft Skills Strategies for Success (dalam bahasa Inggris). Missouri: Elsevier. 2013. hlm. 189. ISBN 9780323430265.
- Kenny, Kevin (2014). The American Irish: A History. Routledge. hlm. 187. ISBN 978-1-317-88916-8.
- Alexander, Caitlind L. (2004). Typhoid Mary: The Story of Mary Mallon: Educational Version (dalam bahasa Inggris). LearningIsland.com. ISBN 9781301357642.
- Marineli, Filio; Tsoucalas, Gregory; Karamanou, Marianna; Androutsos, George (2013). "Mary Mallon (1869-1938) and the history of typhoid fever". Annals of Gastroenterology. 26 (2): 132–134. PMC 3959940 . PMID 24714738.
- "Typhoid Mary Is Released". The Marion Daily Mirror (dalam bahasa Inggris). Marion. February 21, 1910. hlm. 2.
- Rogers, Rosemary (July 31, 2017). "Typhoid Mary:How an Irish cook became the most famous symbol of infectious disease". Irish America. New York, NY: Irish America Inc. Diakses tanggal October 25, 2020.
Bacaan tambahan sunting
- Aronson, SM (November 1995). "The civil rights of Mary Mallon". Rhode Island Medicine. 78 (11): 311–2. PMID 8547719.
- Baker, Josephine Sarah (1974) [1939]. Fighting for Life. New York: Macmillan Press. ISBN 0-405-05945-0.
- Bourdain, Anthony (2001). Typhoid Mary: An Urban Historical (edisi ke-Hardcover). New York: Bloomsbury. ISBN 1-58234-133-8.
- Brooks, J (March 15, 1996). "The sad and tragic life of Typhoid Mary". CMAJ. 154 (6): 915–916. PMC 1487781 . PMID 8634973.
- Federspiel, Jürg. The Ballad of Typhoid Mary (historical novel translated by Joel Agee). New York: Ballantine Books, 1985.
- Finkbeiner, Ann K (1996). "Quite contrary: was 'Typhoid Mary' Mallon a symbol of the threats to individual liberty or a necessary sacrifice to public health?". The Sciences. 36 (5): 38–43. doi:10.1002/j.2326-1951.1996.tb03271.x. hdl:10822/896644. PMID 11657398.
- Keane, Mary Beth (2013). Fever (edisi ke-Hardcover). New York: Scribner. ISBN 978-1451693416.
- Leavitt, Judith Walzer (1996). Typhoid Mary, Captive to the Public's Health (edisi ke-Hardcover). Boston: Beacon Press. ISBN 0-8070-2102-4.
- "Mary Mallon (Typhoid Mary)". American Journal of Public Health and the Nations Health. 29 (1): 66–68. January 1939. doi:10.2105/ajph.29.1.66. PMC 1529062 . PMID 18014976.
- Mikkelson, Barbara (July 23, 2006). "Typhoid Mary". Snopes.com.
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Lihat entri Typhoid Mary di kamus bebas Wiktionary.
- (Inggris) Mary Mallon di Find a Grave
- "Typhoid Mary". Snopes.com.