Trouvère
Trouvère (pengucapan bahasa Prancis: [tʁuvɛʁ]) merupakan seorang penyair dan komposer Langues d'oïl pada abad pertengahan. Trouveresse berarti trouvère wanita. Trouvère setara dengan Troubadour dan musisi penyair dalam bahasa Oksitan. Troubadour telah ada sebelum trouvère.
Referensi sunting
- Catatan
- Daftar pustaka
- Akehurst, F. R. P. and Judith M. Davis, eds. A Handbook of the Troubadours. Berkeley: University of California Press, 1995. ISBN 0-520-07976-0.
- Butterfield, Ardis. "Monophonic song: questions of category", Companion to Medieval & Renaissance Music. Oxford University Press, 1997. ISBN 0-19-816540-4.
- Doss-Quinby, Eglal; Joan Tasker Grimbert; Wendy Pfeffer; Elizabeth Aubrey (2001). Songs of the Women Trouvères. New Haven: Yale UP. ISBN 978-0-300-08413-9.
- Goldin, Frederick, translator. Lyrics of the Troubadours and Trouvères: An Anthology and a History. Gloucester, MA: Peter Smith, 1983. ISBN 0-8446-5036-6.
- Hasenohr, Geneviève and Michel Zink, eds. Dictionnaire des lettres françaises: Le Moyen Age. Collection: La Pochothèque. Paris: Fayard, 1992. ISBN 2-253-05662-6.
- O'Neill, Mary (2006). Courtly Love Songs of Medieval France: Transmission and Style in the Trouvère Repertoire. Oxford: Oxford University Press. ISBN 0-19-816547-1.
- Page, Christopher. "Listening to the trouvères". Early Music. Vol. 25, No. 4, November 1997.
Pranala luar sunting
Wikimedia Commons memiliki media mengenai Troubadours.
Chisholm, Hugh, ed. (1911). "Trouvère". Encyclopædia Britannica (edisi ke-11). Cambridge University Press.- "Lirica Medievale Romanza". letteraturaeuropea.let.uniroma1.it.
