Muhammad II dari Granada: Perbedaan antara revisi

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'''Muhammed II''' (juga dikenal oleh epitetnya '''''al-Faqih''''', "pakar hukum", kelahiran {{circa|1235}}, memerintah 1273–1302 sampai kematiannya) adalah penguasa [[dinasti Nasrid|Nasrid]] kedua dari [[Keamiran Granada]] di [[Al-Andalus]], [[Semenanjung Iberia]], menggantikan ayahnya [[Muhammad I dari Granada|Muhammad I]]. Menghadapi beberapa masalah saat ia naik tahta, ia meneruskan kebijakan independensi ayahnya dalam menghadapi tetangga Granada yang lebih besar, [[Takhta Kastilia|Kastilia]] dan [[Mariniyah]], dan pemberontakan dalam oleh bekas sekutu keluarganya [[Banu Ashqilula]].
 
== Referensi ==
=== Kutipan ===
{{reflist|30em}}
 
=== Daftar pustaka ===
* {{cite encyclopedia|ref=harv|last=Albarrán|first=Javier|title=Granada|editor1=Francisco García Fitz|editor2=João Gouveia Monteiro|encyclopedia=War in the Iberian Peninsula, 700-1600|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=UpxYDwAAQBAJ&pg=PT58|year=2018|publisher=Routledge|location=Oxford and New York|isbn=978-0-8153-9999-5|pp=36–53}}
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* {{cite book|ref=harv|last=KennedyBoloix Gallardo|first=Hugh|authorlink=HughBárbara N. Kennedy|title=MuslimIbn Spainal-Aḥmar: andvida Portugal:y Areinado Politicaldel Historyprimer ofsultán Alde Granada (1195-Andalus1273)|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=NFfJAwAAQBAJ5H5StAEACAAJ|dateyear=2014-06-112017|language=Spanish|publisher=RoutledgeEditorial Universidad de Granada|location=Granada|isbn=978-184-317338-870416079-8}}
* {{cite book|ref=harv|last=Carrasco Manchado|first=Ana I.|chapter=Al-Andalus Nazarí|pages=391–485|title=Al-Andalus|series=Historia de España VI|language=Spanish|year=2009|location=Madrid|publisher=Ediciones Istmo|isbn=978-84-7090-431-8}}
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* {{cite journal |title=The Three Great Sultans of al-Dawla al-Ismā'īliyya al-Naṣriyya Who Built the Fourteenth-Century Alhambra: Ismā'īl I, Yūsuf I, Muḥammad V (713–793/1314–1391) |first=Antonio |last=Fernández-Puertas |journal=[[Journal of the Royal Asiatic Society]] |series=Third Series |volume=7 |pages=1–25 |number=1 |date=1997 |jstor=25183293| ref=harv |location=London|doi=10.1017/S1356186300008294 }}
* {{cite book|ref=harv|last=Harvey|first=L. P.|authorlink=L. P. Harvey|title=Islamic Spain, 1250 to 1500|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=td3tcLWvSNkC|year=1992|publisher=University of Chicago Press|location=Chicago|isbn=978-0-226-31962-9}}
* {{cite book|ref=harv|last=Kennedy|first=Hugh|authorlink=Hugh N. Kennedy|title=Muslim Spain and Portugal: A Political History of Al-Andalus|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=NFfJAwAAQBAJ|year=2014|location=London|publisher=Routledge|isbn=978-1-317-87041-8}}
* {{EI2 |title=Nasrids |first1=John Derek|last1=Latham|first2=Antonio |last2=Fernández-Puertas |volume=7 |pages=1020–1029| url=https://dx.doi.org/10.1163/1573-3912_islam_COM_0855}}
* {{cite book|ref=harv|last=O'Callaghan|first=Joseph F.|title=The Gibraltar Crusade: Castile and the Battle for the Strait|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=NOiAzwEJgaYC|date=2011|publisher=University of Pennsylvania Press|isbn=978-0812204636|location=Philadelphia}}
* {{cite book|ref=harv|last=O'Callaghan|first=Joseph F. |title=A History of Medieval Spain|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=cq2dDgAAQBAJ|year=2013|publisher=Cornell University Press|isbn=978-0-8014-6872-8|location=[[Ithaca, New York]]}}
 
=== Sumber primer ===
*{{ cite book | last=Ibn Khaldun| year=1851 | title=Kitab al-Dawla al-Islamiyya fi al-Maghrib| publisher=Imprimerie du Gouvernment | place=[[Algiers]] | language=Arabic| url=https://archive.org/stream/histoiredesberb00abda#page/n7/mode/2up| editor=[[William McGuckin de Slane|Baron de Slane]]|ref=harv|authorlink=Ibn Khaldun|volume=Volume 2}}
*{{ cite book | last=Ibn Khaldun | year=1856 | title=Histoire des Berbères et des dynasties musulmanes de l'Afrique septentrionale| volume=Volume 4| translator=Baron de Slane | publisher=Imprimerie du Gouvernment | place=Algiers | language=French | url=https://books.google.com/books?id=ANcOAAAAQAAJ&pg=PP9 |ref=harv}}
 
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