Berkas:Papyrus document containing signature of Cleopatra VII of Egypt.jpg

Papyrus_document_containing_signature_of_Cleopatra_VII_of_Egypt.jpg(750 × 525 piksel, ukuran berkas: 217 KB, tipe MIME: image/jpeg)

Berkas ini berasal dari Wikimedia Commons dan mungkin digunakan oleh proyek-proyek lain. Deskripsi dari halaman deskripsinya ditunjukkan di bawah ini.

Ringkasan

Deskripsi
English: Duane W. Roller (2010, p. 134) provides a description of this papyrus document from late Ptolemaic Egypt, dated to the reign of Cleopatra VII:

In February 33 B.C. she approved an order granting certain tax exemptions to Publius Canidius Crassus, who had been with Antonius for a decade and would be senior commander of the land forces at Actium. The relevant document is a papyrus recovered from mummy wrappings and first published in the year 2000. Canidius was allowed to import 10,000 artabas of wheat and 5,000 amphoras of wine tax free, and the lands that he owned in Egypt were also exempt. What has excited interest is the subscript in a different hand: γινέσθωι ("make it happen"). There is little doubt that this is the writing of the queen herself, as there was a tradition in Ptolemaic Egypt of countersigning by the monarch, in part to avoid forgery of official documents. This autograph of Cleopatra VII certainly is one of the more exciting discoveries of recent years: the only other known royal autographs from antiquity are of Ptolemy X and Theodosios II, both somewhat less interesting than the queen. The document also indicates the dichotomy that still existed at the very end of the Ptolemaic era between the rulers (and their Roman allies) and the ruled, where the former continued to obtain special privileges.

العربية: وثيقة من ورق البردي مؤرخة في 33 فبراير قبل الميلاد تمنح إعفاءات ضريبية لشخص في مصر وتحتوي على توقيع كليوباترا مكتوبًا بواسطة مسؤول، تذكر الوثيقة عبارة "اجعل الأمر يحدث"أو "هكذا فليكن" أضيفت باللغة اليونانية، ومن المحتمل أنه خط يد كليوباترا

Source: *Roller, Duane W. (2010) Cleopatra: a biography[1], Oxford: Oxford University Press, ISBN 978-0-19-536553-5
Tanggal February 33 BC
Sumber "KLEOPATRA THE GREAT" LYTHAM ST ANNES CLASSICAL ASSOCIATION (4 March 2018)
Pembuat Ancient Ptolemaic-period scribe(s) as well as Cleopatra VII of Egypt who offered her signature on the document

Lisensi

Ini adalah suatu perbanyakan fotografis dari sebuah karya seni dua dimensi. Karya seni tersebut berada pada domain publik karena alasan berikut:
Public domain

This work is in the public domain in its country of origin and other countries and areas where the copyright term is the author's life plus 100 years or fewer.


Karya ini berada dalam domain publik di Amerika Serikat karena karya ini dipublikasikan (atau didaftarkan di U.S. Copyright Office) sebelum 1 Januari 1929.

Posisi resmi Wikimedia Foundation adalah bahwa "faithful reproductions of two-dimensional public domain works of art are public domain, and that claims to the contrary represent an assault on the very concept of a public domain". Untuk detilnya, lihat Commons:When to use the PD-Art tag.
Oleh karena itu, perbanyakan fotografis ini juga dianggap berada pada domain publik. Mohon diperhatikan bahwa hukum lokal mungkin saja melarang atau membatasi penggunaan kembali berkas ini di wilayah hukum anda. Lihat Commons:Reuse of PD-Art photographs.
Annotations
InfoField
This image is annotated: View the annotations at Commons

Captions

Add a one-line explanation of what this file represents

Items portrayed in this file

menggambarkan

exposure time Inggris

4 detik

f-number Inggris

16

focal length Inggris

85 milimeter

ISO speed Inggris

800

image/jpeg

Riwayat berkas

Klik pada tanggal/waktu untuk melihat berkas ini pada saat tersebut.

Tanggal/WaktuMiniaturDimensiPenggunaKomentar
terkini22 Mei 2023 00.03Miniatur versi sejak 22 Mei 2023 00.03750 × 525 (217 KB)Artanisena bit higher resolution (same source)
22 Maret 2018 00.59Miniatur versi sejak 22 Maret 2018 00.59620 × 434 (79 KB)PericlesofAthensUser created page with UploadWizard

Halaman berikut menggunakan berkas ini:

Penggunaan berkas global

Wiki lain berikut menggunakan berkas ini: