Tahun Tiga Paus
Tahun Tiga Paus umumnya merujuk pada suatu tahun dimana Dewan Kardinal Gereja Katolik melangsungkan setidaknya pemilihan dua paus baru pada tahun yang sama.[1]
Tahun Tiga Paus yang paling terbaru terjadi pada 1978. Tiga Paus tersebut adalah:[2]
- Paulus VI, yang terpilih pada 1963 dan wafat pada 6 Agustus 1978.
- Yohanes Paulus I, yang terpilih pada 26 Agustus 1978 dan wafat tiga puluh tiga hari kemudian pada 28 September 1978.
- Yohanes Paulus II, yang terpilih pada 16 Oktober 1978 dan menjabat sampai kematiannya pada sekitar 27 tahun kemudian yakni 2005.
Tahun-tahun dimana Gereja Katolik Roma dipimpin tiga paus yang berbeda meliputi:
- 827: Eugenius II[3] — Valentinus[4] — Gregorius IV[5]
- 896: Formosus[6] — Bonifasius VI[7] — Stefanus VI[8]
- 897: Stefanus VI[9] — Romanus[10] — Theodorus II[11]
- 928: Yohanes X[12] — Leo VI[13] — Stefanus VII[14]
- 964: Leo VIII[15] — Benediktus V[16] — Yohanes XIII[17]
- 1003: Silvester II[18] — Yohanes XVII[19] — Yohanes XVIII[20]
- 1045: Silvester III[21][22] — Benediktus IX (Jabatan kedua)[23] — Gregorius VI[24][22]
- 1187: Urbanus III[25] — Gregorius VIII[26] — Klemens III[27]
- 1503: Aleksander VI[28] — Pius III[29] — Julius II[30]
- 1555: Julius III[31] — Marsellus II[32] — Paulus IV[33]
- 1590: Siktus V[34] — Urbanus VII[35] — Gregorius XIV[36]
- 1605: Klemens VIII[37] — Leo XI[38] — Paulus V[39]
- 1978: Paulus VI — Yohanes Paulus I — Yohanes Paulus II
Terdapat juga sebuah tahun dimana Gereja Katolik Roma dipimpin oleh empat paus, yang disebut Tahun Empat Paus:
Referensi sunting
- Catatan
- ^ Kandle, 1978 – The year of three Popes Diarsipkan 2010-12-28 di Wayback Machine., 30 Agustus 2008. Diakses 2010.09.28.
- ^ 1978: The Year Of The Three Popes, Tu Es Petrus. Accessed 2010.09.98.
- ^ [1] "Pope Eugene II," Catholic Encyclopedia. Accessed 2010.09.28
- ^ [2] "Pope Valentine," Catholic Encyclopedia. Accessed 2010.09.28
- ^ [3] "Pope Gregory IV," Catholic Encyclopedia. Accessed 2010.09.28
- ^ [4] "Pope Formosus," Catholic Encyclopedia. Accessed 2010.09.28.
- ^ [5] "Pope Boniface VI," Catholic Encyclopedia. Accessed 2010.09.28.
- ^ [6] "Pope Stephen (VI) VII," Catholic Encyclopedia. Accessed 2010.09.28.
- ^ [7] "Pope Stephen (VI) VII," Catholic Encyclopedia. Accessed 2010.09.28.
- ^ [8] "Pope Romanus," Catholic Encyclopedia. Accessed 2010.09.28.
- ^ [9] "Pope Theodore II," Catholic Encyclopedia. Accessed 2010.09.28.
- ^ [10] "Pope John X," Catholic Encyclopedia. Accessed 2010.09.28.
- ^ [11] "Pope Leo VI," Catholic Encyclopedia. Accessed 2010.09.28.
- ^ [12] "Pope Stephen VII (VIII)," Catholic Encyclopedia. Accessed 2010.09.28. Note: Actual date of Pope Stephen VII's accession is either late 928 or early 929.
- ^ [13] "Pope Leo VIII," Catholic Encyclopedia. Accessed 2010.09.28.
- ^ [14] "Pope Benedict V," Catholic Encyclopedia. Accessed 2010.09.28.
- ^ [15] "Pope John XIII," Catholic Encyclopedia. Accessed 2010.09.28.
- ^ [16] "Pope Silvester II," Catholic Encyclopedia. Accessed 2010.09.28.
- ^ [17] "Pope John XVII (XVIII)," Catholic Encyclopedia. Accessed 2010.09.28.
- ^ [18] "Pope John XVIII (XIX)," Catholic Encyclopedia. Accessed 2010.09.28.
- ^ [19] "List of Popes," Catholic Encyclopedia. Accessed 2010.09.28.
- ^ a b Sylvester III and Gregory VI are sometimes considered antipopes
- ^ [20] "Pope Benedict IX," Catholic Encyclopedia. Accessed 2010.09.28.
- ^ [21] "Pope Gregory VI," Catholic Encyclopedia. Accessed 2010.09.28.
- ^ [22] "Pope Urban III," Catholic Encyclopedia. Accessed 2010.09.28.
- ^ [23] "Pope Gregory VIII," Catholic Encyclopedia. Accessed 2010.09.28.
- ^ [24] "Pope Clement III," Catholic Encyclopedia. Accessed 2010.09.28.
- ^ [25] "Pope Alexander VI," Catholic Encyclopedia. Accessed 2010.09.28.
- ^ [26] "Pope Pius III," Catholic Encyclopedia. Accessed 2010.09.28.
- ^ [27] "Pope Julius II," Catholic Encyclopedia. Accessed 2010.09.28.
- ^ [28] "Pope Julius III," Catholic Encyclopedia. Accessed 2010.09.28.
- ^ [29] "Pope Marcellus II," Catholic Encyclopedia. Accessed 2010.09.28.
- ^ [30] "Pope Paul IV," Catholic Encyclopedia. Accessed 2010.09.28.
- ^ [31] "Pope Sixtus V," Catholic Encyclopedia. Accessed 2010.09.28.
- ^ [32] "Pope Urban VII," Catholic Encyclopedia. Accessed 2010.09.28.
- ^ [33] "Pope Gregory XIV," Catholic Encyclopedia. Accessed 2010.09.28.
- ^ [34] "Pope Clement VIII," Catholic Encyclopedia. Accessed 2010.09.28.
- ^ [35] "Pope Leo XI," Catholic Encyclopedia. Accessed 2010.09.28.
- ^ [36] "Pope Paul V," Catholic Encyclopedia. Accessed 2010.09.28.
- ^ [37] "Pope Gregory X," Catholic Encyclopedia. Accessed 2010.09.28.
- ^ [38] "Pope Innocent V," Catholic Encyclopedia. Accessed 2010.09.28.
- ^ [39] "Pope Adrian V," Catholic Encyclopedia. Accessed 2010.09.28.
- ^ [40] "Pope John XXI (XX)," Catholic Encyclopedia. Accessed 2010.09.28.
- Daftar pustaka
Peter Hebblethwaite, The Year of Three Popes. William Collins Publishers, 1979.