Perang Paraguay

Perang Paraguay
	; Adegan-adegan perang
Tanggal	12 Oktober 1864 – 1 Maret 1870
Lokasi	Amerika Selatan
Hasil	Kemenangan Sekutu
Pihak terlibat
Tiga Aliansi: Kekaisaran Brasil; Argentina; Uruguay;	Paraguay
Tokoh dan pemimpin
Pedro II; Adipati Caxias; Bupati Eu; Bartolomé Mitre; Domingo Faustino Sarmiento; Venancio Flores;	Francisco Solano López †; José E. Díaz †; Domingo Francisco Sánchez †;
Kekuatan
200,000 pasukan Brasil; 30,000 pasukan Argentina; 5,583 pasukan Uruguay; 240,000 Total;	150,000 pasukan Paraguay (pasukan resmi, tidak termasuk militan dan warga sipil bersenjata);
Korban
71,000 prajurit kekaisaran Brasil; 20,000 prajurit Argentina; 3,200 prajurit Uruguay; Total: >100,000 prajurit dan warga sipil	sekitar 300,000 prajurit dan warga sipil

Templat:Sejarah Paraguay

Perang Paraguay,^[a] yang juga dikenal sebagai Perang Tiga Aliansi,^[b] adalah sebuah konflik militer internasional di Amerika Selatan yang terjadi dari 1864 sampai 1870 antara Paraguay dan Tiga Aliansi dari Argentina, Brasil, dan Uruguay. Peristiwa tersebut dikatakan menyebabkan sekitar 400,000 orang tewas, yang menjadikan peristiwa tersebut sebagai peristiwa paling mematikan dari perang apapun di Amerika Selatan dalam sejarah modern. Peristiwa tersebut merupakan perang antar-negara terpanjang dan paling berdarah dalam sejarah Amerika Latin.^[5]

Catatan akhir sunting

^ Spanyol: Guerra del Paraguay; Portugis: Guerra do Paraguai. Di Paraguay peristiwa tersebut disebut sebagai "Perang Besar" (Spanyol: Guerra Grande, Guarani: Ñorairõ Guazú).^[3]^[4]
^ Spanyol: Guerra de la Triple Alianza; Portugis: Guerra da Tríplice Aliança)

Referensi sunting

^ Burton 1870, hlm. 76.
^ Richard Francis Burton: "Letters from the Battlefields of Paraguay", p.76 - Tinsley Brothers Editors - London (1870) - Burton, as a witness of the conflict, marks this date as the real beginning of the war. He writes (and it's the most logic account, considering the facts): The Brazilian Army invades the Banda Oriental, despite the protestations of President López, who declared that such invasion would be held a "casus belli".
^ Testimonios de la Guerra Grande y Muerte del Mariscal López karya Julio César Frutos
^ Ñorairõ Guasu, 1864 guive 1870 peve by Guido Rodríguez Alcalá. Secretaría Nacional de Cultura, 28 Mei 2011 (Spanyol)
^ Bethell, Leslie, The Paraguayan War, p.1

Weisiger, Alex (2013). Logics of War: Explanations for Limited and Unlimited Conflicts. Ithaca, New York: Cornell University Press. ISBN 9780801468162.

Daftar pustaka sunting

Abente, Diego (1987). "The War of the Triple Alliance". Latin American Research Review. 22 (2): 47–69.
Box, Pelham Horton (1967). The origins of the Paraguayan War. New York: Russel & Russel.
Burton, Richard Francis (1870). Letters from the Battlefields of Paraguay. London: Tinsley Brothers.
Doratioto, Francisco (2003). Maldita guerra: nova história da Guerra do Paraguai. Companhia das Letras. ISBN 978-85-359-0224-2. Diakses tanggal 19 June 2015.
Hardy, Osgood (Oct 1919). "South American Alliances: Some Political and Geographical Considerations". Geographical Review. 8 (4/5): 259–265. doi:10.2307/207840.
Herrera, Luis Alberto (1943). El Drama del 65: La Culpa Mitrista. Buenos Aires - Montevideo: Edición Homenaje.
Hooker, Terry D. (2008). The Paraguayan War. Nottingham: Foundry Books. ISBN 1-901543-15-3.
JACEGUAY, "A Guerra do Paraguay: reflexões críticas sobre as operações combinadas da esquadra brasileira e exércitos aliados". In, JACEGUAY, baron de & OLIVEIRA DE FREITAS, Carlos Vidal. Quatro séculos de atividade marítima: Portugal e Brasil. Imprensa Nacional, 1900
Kolinski, Charles J. (1965). Independence or Death! The story of the Paraguayan War. Gainesville, Florida: University of Florida Press.
Kraay, Hendrik; Whigham, Thomas L. (2004). I Die with My Country: Perspectives on the Paraguayan War, 1864–1870. Dexter, Michigan: Thomson-Shore. ISBN 978-0-8032-2762-0.
Leuchars, Chris (2002). To the Bitter End: Paraguay and the War of the Triple Alliance. Westport, Connecticut: Greenwood Press. ISBN 0-313-32365-8.
Mellid, Atilio García (1959). Proceso a los Falsificadores de la Historia del Paraguay (2 vols.) (dalam bahasa Spanish). Buenos Aires: Ediciones Theoría.
Nabuco, Joaquim (1901). La Guerra del Paraguay (dalam bahasa Spanish (original in Portuguese)). Buenos Aires: Ediciones Garnier.
Peñalba, José Alfredo Fornos (Apr 1982). "Draft Dodgers, War Resisters and Turbulent Gauchos: The War of the Triple Alliance against Paraguay". The Americas. 38 (4): 463–479. doi:10.2307/981208. JSTOR 981208.
Pomer, León (2008). La Guerra del Paraguay: Estado, Política y Negocios (dalam bahasa Spanish). Buenos Aires: Editorial Colihue.
Rosa, José María (2008). La Guerra del Paraguay y las Montoneras Argentinas (dalam bahasa Spanish). Buenos Aires: Editorial Punto de Encuentro.
Salles, Ricardo (2003). Guerra do Paraguai: Memórias & Imagens (dalam bahasa Portuguese). Rio de Janeiro: Bibilioteca Nacional.
Scheina, Robert (2003). Latin America's Wars: The Age of the Caudillo, 1791–1899. Dulles, Virginia: Brassey's.
Shaw, Karl (2005) [2004]. Power Mad! (dalam bahasa Czech). Praha: Metafora. ISBN 978-80-7359-002-4.
Thompson, George (1869). The War in Paraguay: With a historical sketch of the country and its people and notes upon the military engineering of the war. London, England: Longmans and Green Co.
Vasconsellos, Victor N. (1970). Resumen de Historia del Paraguay. Delimitaciones Territoriales. Asunción, Paraguay: Industria Grafica Comuneros.
Washburn, Charles (1871). The history of Paraguay : with notes of personal observations, and reminiscences of diplomacy under difficulties (2 vols). Lincoln, Nebraska: University of Nebraska Press.
Whigham, Thomas (2002). The Paraguayan War. Lincoln, Nebraska: University of Nebraska Press.
Whigham, Thomas L. (2002). The Paraguayan War: Causes and Early Conduct. 1. Lincoln, Nebraska: University of Nebraska Press. ISBN 978-0-8032-4786-4.

Williams, John Hoyt (April 2000). "The Battle of Tuyuti". Military History. 17 (1): 58.
Wilson, Peter (May 2004). "Latin America's Total War". History Today. 54 (5). ISSN 0018-2753.

Templat:Topik Paraguay

Templat:Topik Uruguay Artikel ini berisi bahan berstatus domain umum dari situs web atau dokumen Library of Congress Country Studies.

[5] Spanyol: Guerra del Paraguay; Portugis: Guerra do Paraguai. Di Paraguay peristiwa tersebut disebut sebagai "Perang Besar" (Spanyol: Guerra Grande, Guarani: Ñorairõ Guazú).^[3]^[4]

[6] Spanyol: Guerra de la Triple Alianza; Portugis: Guerra da Tríplice Aliança)

[FOOTNOTEBurton187076-1] Burton 1870, hlm. 76.

[2] Richard Francis Burton: "Letters from the Battlefields of Paraguay", p.76 - Tinsley Brothers Editors - London (1870) - Burton, as a witness of the conflict, marks this date as the real beginning of the war. He writes (and it's the most logic account, considering the facts): The Brazilian Army invades the Banda Oriental, despite the protestations of President López, who declared that such invasion would be held a "casus belli".

[3] Testimonios de la Guerra Grande y Muerte del Mariscal López karya Julio César Frutos

[4] Ñorairõ Guasu, 1864 guive 1870 peve by Guido Rodríguez Alcalá. Secretaría Nacional de Cultura, 28 Mei 2011 (Spanyol)

[7] Bethell, Leslie, The Paraguayan War, p.1

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