Bell X-1

X-1
	X-1 #46-062, nicknamed "Glamorous Glennis"
Jenis	Experimental rocket plane
Pembuat	Bell Aircraft Company
Penerbangan perdana	19 January 1946
Status	Retired
Pengguna utama	U.S. Air Force; National Advisory Committee for Aeronautics

Bell-X1, awalnya XS-1 adalah sebuah pesawat terbang supersonik pertama yang melampaui kecepatan suara. Dia merupakan X-plane pertama, satu seri pesawat yang dirancang untuk pengetesan teknologi baru dan biasanya sangat dirahasiakan.

Pada 14 Oktober 1947, Chuck Yeager dari United States Air Force menerbangkan pesawat #46-062, yang dia namakan 'Glamorous Glennis', atas istrinya. Pesawat ditenagai roket tersebut diluncurkan dari perut pesawat Boeing B-29 Superfortress yang telah dimodifikasi. Pesawat #46-602 adalah model yang sekarang dipamerkan di atrium utama di National Air and Space Museum di Washington, DC, berdampingan dengan Spirit of St. Louis dan SpaceShipOne.

Spesifikasi (Bell X-1) sunting

Karakteristik umum sunting

Kru: 1
Panjang: 30 ft 11 in (9,4 m)
Lebar sayap: 28 ft (8,5 m)
Tinggi: 10 ft (3,3 m)
Area sayap: 130 ft ² (12 m²)
Berat kosong: £ 7.000 (3.175 kg)
Loaded berat: £ 12.225 (5.545 kg)
Max. berat lepas landas: £ 12.250 (5.557 kg)
Powerplant: 1 × Reaksi Motors XLR-11-Rm3 bahan bakar cair roket, 6.000 lbf (1.500 lbf per chamber) (26,7 kN)
Warna: International Orange (warna yang sama dengan Jembatan Golden Gate)

Prestasi sunting

Kecepatan maksimum: 957 mph (Mach 1.26) (1.541 km / jam)
Rentang: 5 menit (daya tahan bertenaga)
Layanan langit-langit: 71.900 ft (21,900 m)
Loading sayap: 94 £ / ft ² (463 kg / m²)
Thrust / weight: 0.49

Spesifikasi (Bell X-1E) sunting

Karakteristik umum sunting

Kru: 1
Panjang: 31 ft (9,4488 m)
Lebar sayap: 22 ft 10 in (6,9596 m)
Tinggi: 10 ft 10 in (3,3 m)
Area sayap: 115 ft ² (10,684 m²)
Berat kosong: £ 6.850 (3,107.107 kg)
Loaded berat: £ 14.750 (6,690.487 kg)
Powerplant: 1 × Reaksi Motors RMI LR-8-RM-5 roket, 6.000 lbf (26,7 kN)

Prestasi sunting

Kecepatan maksimum: 1.450 mph (Mach 2.24) (2,333.548 km / h)
Rentang: 4 menit 45 detik ((daya tahan bertenaga))
Layanan langit-langit: 90.000 + ft (27.432 + m)

Lihat pula sunting

Referensi sunting

"Breaking the Sound Barrier." Modern Marvels (TV program). 2003.
Hallion, Dr. Richard P. "Saga of the Rocket Ships." AirEnthusiast Five, November 1977-February 1978. Bromley, Kent, UK: Pilot Press Ltd., 1977.
Miller, Jay. The X-Planes: X-1 to X-45. Hinckley, UK: Midland, 2001. ISBN 1-85780-109-1.
Pisano, Dominick A., R. Robert van der Linden and Frank H. Winter. Chuck Yeager and the Bell X-1: Breaking the Sound Barrier. Washington, D.C.: Smithsonian National Air and Space Museum (in association with Abrams, New York), 2006. ISBN 0-8109-5535-0.
Winchester, Jim. "Bell X-1." Concept Aircraft: Prototypes, X-Planes and Experimental Aircraft (The Aviation Factfile). Kent, UK: Grange Books plc, 2005. ISBN 978-1-59223-480-6.
Wolfe. Tom. The Right Stuff. New York: Farrar, Straus and Giroux, 1979. ISBN 0-374-25033-2.
Yeager, Chuck, Bob Cardenas, Bob Hoover, Jack Russell and James Young. The Quest for Mach One: A First-Person Account of Breaking the Sound Barrier. New York: Penguin Studio, 1997. ISBN 0-670-87460-4.
Yeager, Chuck and Leo Janos. Yeager: An Autobiography. New York: Bantam, 1986. ISBN 0-553-25674-2.

Pranala luar sunting

Bell X-1 Milestones of Flight Diarsipkan 2006-05-07 di Wayback Machine.
NASA's History of the X-1
Goodlin's NASA biography
American X-Vehicles: An Inventory X-1 to X-50, SP-2000-4531 - June 2003; NASA online PDF Monograph
Photo of Glamorous Glennis on display at the National Air and Space Museum in Washington, DC.
Yeager's personal website Diarsipkan 2007-02-03 di Wayback Machine.
Robert H Goddard--America's Rocket Pioneer Diarsipkan 2009-02-05 di Wayback Machine.
Modeller's Guide to Bell X-1 Experimental Aircraft Part one Diarsipkan 2011-10-10 di Wayback Machine.
Modeller's Guide to Bell X-1 Experimental Aircraft Part two Diarsipkan 2011-10-10 di Wayback Machine.
"X-1 is Carried Aloft; Cockpit of the Bell X-1." Popular Science, August 1948, p. 97.