Evangelikalisme: Perbedaan antara revisi

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{{Christianity}}

 

 

== Penggunaan ==

 

<!--In Western cultural usage, the word ''' ''Evangelical'' ''' has usually referred to Protestantism, with intended contrast to [[Roman Catholic Church|Roman Catholicism]]. At different times, the name has developed nuances according to the controversies of the age, although many Catholics consider themselves "Evangelical" in the sense that they must spread the Gospel message in their daily life, as well as to the world.

== Doctrine ==

{{protestant}}

 

Commentators and historians describe four characteristics of evangelicals:

These characteristics are similar to the ''Bebbington quadrilateral'' identified in his study of British evangelicalism.

 

 

# [[Biblical inerrancy]]

# Salvation comes only through faith in Jesus and not good works. (in particular the belief in [[atonement]] [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atonement] for sins at the cross and the [[resurrection]] [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Resurrection_of_Jesus] of Christ)

# Individuals (above an age of accountability) must personally trust in Jesus Christ for salvation.

 

In regard to "Biblical inerrancy", a notable American summit on Bible inerrancy was held in Chicago in 1978. The [[Chicago Statement on Biblical Inerrancy]] was signed by nearly 300 noted American evangelical scholars (see ''[[Biblical inerrancy|main article]]''). There is no absolute consensus among evangelicals regarding Biblical inerrancy; however there is a general acceptance of Biblical authority.

In its early years, what was to become known as evangelicalism was largely a hybrid of the Reformed emphasis on doctrinal orthodoxy, and the pietist emphasis on the heart and a "personal relationship" with God. The movement saw a variety of liturgical styles and ministry approaches, though strong preaching, personal conversion and evangelism were common features.

 

 

Much of this religious fervor was a reaction to [[Age of Enlightenment|Enlightenment]] thinking and the deistic writings of many of the western philosophical elites. The chief emphases of the fledgling Methodist movement as well as the Awakening were individual [[conversion]], personal piety and [[Bible study]], public morality often including [[temperance]] and [[family values]], and [[abolitionism]], a broadened role for [[layman|lay people]] and women in worship, [[evangelism]], and cooperation in evangelism across denominational lines, (that is, [[interdenominational]]ly).

 

=== 19th century ===

 

 

Evangelicals, along with [[trade unionists]], [[Chartists]], members of co-operatives, the self-help movement and the Church of England were involved in setting up the [[temperance movement]]s in the U.S., Ireland, Scotland and England.

Within the broad denominations (often called ''"mainline denominations"'') evangelical movements are organizing within various structures, which are often referred to as the [[Confessing Movement]]. The theological call for the mainline churches to return to their evangelical roots is known as [[Paleo-Orthodoxy]], especially within Methodism, where [[Thomas Oden]] is one of its best known spokesmen.

 

 

Especially toward the end of the 20th century, the secular media tended to describe traditional Christian believers as [[fundamentalist Christians|fundamentalists]], including most evangelicals. However, in both movements, these terms ''fundamentalist'' and ''evangelical'' are not synonymous; the labels represent very distinct differences of approach which both groups are diligent to maintain.

{{main|Neo-evangelicalism}}

 

 

 

They sought to engage the modern world and the liberals in a positive way, remaining separate from worldliness but not from the world — a middle way, between modernism and the separating variety of Fundamentalism. They sought allies in denominational churches and liturgical traditions, among non-[[Dispensationalism|dispensationalists]], and Trinitarian varieties of [[Pentecostalism]]. They believed that in doing so, they were simply re-acquainting Protestantism with its own recent tradition. The movement's aim at the outset was to reclaim the evangelical heritage in their respective churches, not to begin something new; and for this reason, following their separation from Fundamentalists, the same movement has been better known as merely, "evangelicalism". By the end of the 20th century, this was the most influential development in American Protestant Christianity.

However, the Christian Right is not made completely (or even a majority) of Evangelical Christians. According to an article in the [[November 11th]], [[2004]] issue of ''[[The Economist]]'', entitled "The Triumph of the Religious Right", "The implication of these findings is that Mr Bush's moral majority is not, as is often thought, just a bunch of right-wing evangelical Christians. Rather, it consists of traditionalist and observant church-goers of every kind: Catholic and mainline Protestant, as well as evangelicals, Mormons, [[Church of God with Signs Following|Sign Followers]], you name it. Meanwhile, modernist evangelicals (yes, there are a few) tend to be Democratic."

 

 

{{Main|Parachurch organizations}}

 

 

Through many decentralized organizations, parachurch organizations function to bridge the gap between the church and culture. These are organizations "alongside" (Grk: para-) church structures, meaning that they usually seek to define their specific task as more or less subordinate to the institution and the general task of the local church, intended to support and enhance the effectiveness of the church.

 

 

{{main|List of parachurch organisations|:Category:Evangelical parachurch organisations}}

 

 

* Evangelical crusade associations (patterned after the [[Billy Graham]] Association)

* [[house church]]es

 

 

 

 

The '''[[World Evangelical Alliance]]''' is "a network of churches in 127 nations that have each formed an evangelical alliance and over 100 international organizations joining together to give a worldwide identity, voice and platform to more than 420 million evangelical Christians" [http://www.worldevangelicalalliance.com/wea/].

 

 

 

# Are you a born again Christian?

Although evangelicals are currently seen as being on the [[Christian Right]] in the United States, there are those in the center and [[Christian Left]] as well. In other countries there is no particular political stance associated with evangelicals. Many evangelicals have little practical interest in politics.

 

 

A 1992 survey (Green) showed that in the United States evangelicals make up both the largest and the most active group of Christians (surpassing both Catholics and Mainline or non-Evangelical Protestant groups).

Gerakan Injili masuk ke Indonesia pada tahun 1950-an, baik secara langsung dari [[Amerika Serikat]] maupun dari Eropa, dengan didirikannya sekolah-sekolah teologi pada masa itu, antara lain: [[Seminari Alkitab Asia Tenggara]] (SAAT, berdiri tahun 1952) dan [[Institut Injili Indonesia]] (I-3, berdiri tahun 1959). Gerakan Injili di Indonesia juga disuburkan oleh kaum Injili di Jerman yang memberikan dukungan terhadap [[Yayasan Persekutuan Pekabaran Injil di Indonesia]] (YPPII), dan oleh kaum Injili di Inggris melalui [[Overseas Missionary Fellowship]] (OMF) yang mengirimkan para misonari mereka untuk melayani di beberapa gereja dan lembaga Kristen di Indonesia. Sedangkan penyebaran di kalangan mahasiswa dilakukan melalui [[Lembaga Pelayanan Mahasiswa Indonesia]] yang merupakan kepanjangan tangan dari Campus Crusades for Christ.

 

* {{cite book

| last = Bebbington

== Catatan kaki ==

 

 

 

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* [[Pentakostalisme]]

* [[Pietisme]]

 

=== Gerakan Tandingan ===

== Pranala luar ==

 

 

{{wiktionarypar|evangelical|evangelicalism}}