Dinasti Qajar: Perbedaan antara revisi
Konten dihapus Konten ditambahkan
Tidak ada ringkasan suntingan |
|||
Baris 1:
{{Infobox Former Country
|native_name = دولت علیّه ایران<br>''Dowlat-e Elliye-ye Irân''
|conventional_long_name = Sublime State of Persia
|continent = Asia
|region = Middle East
|country = Persia
|common_name = Persia
|country = Persia
|status = Empire
|year_start = 1785
|year_end = 1925
|date_start =
|date_end =
|event_start = Qajar dynasty begins
|event_end = Pahlavi dynasty begins
|event1 = [[Treaty of Gulistan]]
|date_event1 = 1813
|event2 = [[Treaty of Turkmenchay]]
|date_event2 = 1828
|event3 = [[Persian Constitutional Revolution|Constitutional Revolution]]
|date_event3 = 1906
|p1 = Zand dynasty
|flag_p1 = Zand Dynasty flag.svg
|p2 = Afsharid dynasty
|flag_p2 = Afsharid Imperial Standard (3 Stripes).svg
|p3 = Durrani Empire
|flag_p3 = Flag of Herat until 1842.svg
|s1 = Pahlavi dynasty
|flag_s1 = State Flag of Iran (1964).svg
|s2 = Russian Empire
|flag_s2 = Flag of Russia.svg
|image_flag = Flag of Persia (1910).svg
|image_coat = Imperial Emblem of the Qajar Dynasty (Lion and Sun).svg
|image_map = Map Iran 1900-en.png
|image_map_caption = Map of Iran under the Qajar dynasty in the 19th century.
|national_anthem = ''[[First Iranian national anthem|Salâmati-ye Shâh]]''<br/>''(Well-being of the King)''
|capital = [[Tehran]]
|common_languages = [[Persian language|Persian]] <small>(court literature, administrative, cultural, official)</small>,<ref>Homa Katouzian, "State and Society in Iran: The Eclipse of the Qajars and the Emergence of the Pahlavis", Published by I.B.Tauris, 2006. pg 327: "In post-Islamic times, the mother-tongue of Iran's rulers was often Turkic, but Persian was almost invariably the cultural and administrative language"</ref><ref>Homa Katouzian, "Iranian history and politics", Published by Routledge, 2003. pg 128: "''Indeed, since the formation of the Ghaznavids state in the tenth century until the fall of Qajars at the beginning of the twentieth century, most parts of the Iranian cultural regions were ruled by Turkic-speaking dynasties most of the time. At the same time, the official language was Persian, the court literature was in Persian, and most of the chancellors, ministers, and mandarins were Persian speakers of the highest learning and ability''"</ref> <br> [[Turkic languages|Turkic]] <small>(court language and mother tongue)</small><ref>http://www.iranicaonline.org/articles/turkic-iranian-contacts-i-linguistic: "Turkic was also the mother tongue and, to an extent, the court language of the subsequent Afsharid and Qajar dynasties"</ref>
|government_type = [[Absolute monarchy]] <small>(1785–1906)</small><br/>
[[Constitutional monarchy]] <small>(1906–1925)</small>
|title_leader = [[Shah]], [[Mirza]]
|leader1 = [[Mohammad Khan Qajar]] <small>(first)</small>
|year_leader1 = 1794–1797
|leader2 = [[Ahmad Shah Qajar]] <small>(last)</small>
|year_leader2 = 1909–1925
|deputy1 = [[Mirza Nasrullah Khan]] <small>(first)</small>
|deputy2 = [[Reza Shah|Reza Pahlavi]] <small>(last)</small>
|year_deputy1 = 1906
|year_deputy2 = 1923–1925
|title_deputy = [[List of Prime Ministers of Iran|Prime Minister]]
|currency = [[Iranian toman|Toman]]
|today = {{Collapsible list|title=Countries today|
{{flag|Iran}}|
{{flag|Russia}}|
*{{flag|Dagestan}}|
{{flag|Turkmenistan}}|{{flag|Armenia}}|{{flag|Azerbaijan}}|
}}
{{Sejarah Iran}}
[[Berkas:Persian Qajar Empire1808.jpg|thumb|
'''Dinasti Qajar''' (juga dikenal sebagai Ghajar atau Kadjar) ({{audio|Qajar.ogg|Qajar}}) ({{PerB|سلسله قاجاریه}} - atau '''دودمان قاجار''') adalah sebutan umum untuk menggambarkan [[Iran]] (kemudian dikenal sebagai [[Persia]]) dibawah keluarga kerajaan Qajar yang berkuasa<ref name="Abbas">Abbas Amanat, The Pivot of the Universe: Nasir Al-Din Shah Qajar and the Iranian Monarchy, 1831-1896, I.B.Tauris, pp 2-3</ref> yang memerintah Iran sejak 1794 hingga 1925. Tahun 1794 keluarga Qajar mengambil alih Iran sepenuhnya setelah mereka menyingkirkan semua pesaingnya, termasuk [[Lotf 'Ali Khan]], yang terakhir dari [[dinasti Zand]], dan telah mengembalikan kedaulatan Persia di bekas teritori Iran di [[Georgia (negara)|Georgia]] dan [[Kaukasus]]. Tahun 1796 Āghā Moḥammad Khān ditetapkan sebagai [[shah]] (kaisar atau raja).<ref>[http://www.britannica.com/eb/article-9062092/Qajar-Dynasty Qajar Dynasty on Encyclopædia Britannica]</ref>
| |||