Klorometana: Perbedaan antara revisi
Konten dihapus Konten ditambahkan
baru |
Tidak ada ringkasan suntingan |
||
Baris 1:
{{chembox
| Verifiedfields = changed
| Watchedfields = changed
| verifiedrevid = 411542354
| ImageFile = Methyl Chloride.svg
| ImageFile_Ref = {{chemboximage|correct|??}}
| ImageSize = 100
| ImageName = Stereo, skeletal formula of chloromethane with all explicit hydrogens added
| ImageFileL1 = Chloromethane-3D-balls.png
| ImageFileL1_Ref = {{chemboximage|correct|??}}
| ImageNameL1 = Ball and stick model of chloromethane
| ImageFileR1 = Chloromethane-3D-vdW.png
| ImageFileR1_Ref = {{chemboximage|correct|??}}
| ImageNameR1 = Spacefill model of chloromethane
| IUPACName = Klorometana<ref>{{cite web|title=Methyl Chloride - Compound Summary|url=http://pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/summary/summary.cgi?cid=6327&loc=ec_rcs#x291|work=PubChem Compound|publisher=National Center for Biotechnology Information|accessdate=23 June 2012|location=USA|date=26 March 2005}}</ref>
| OtherNames = {{unbulleted list|Artic<ref name=GESTIS>{{GESTIS|ZVG=11220}}</ref>|Freon 40<ref name=GESTIS/>|R 40<ref name=GESTIS/> |Methyl chloride<ref name=GESTIS/>|Monochloromethane<ref name=GESTIS/>}}
| Section1 = {{chembox Identifiers
| Abbreviations =
| CASNo = 74-87-3
| CASNo_Ref = {{cascite|correct|CAS}}
| PubChem = 6327
| PubChem_Ref = {{pubchemcite|correct|pubchem}}
| ChemSpiderID = 6087
| ChemSpiderID_Ref = {{chemspidercite|correct|chemspider}}
| UNII = A6R43525YO
| UNII_Ref = {{fdacite|correct|FDA}}
| EINECS = 200-817-4
| UNNumber = 1063
| KEGG = C19446
| KEGG_Ref = {{keggcite|changed|kegg}}
| MeSHName = Methyl+Chloride
| ChEBI = 36014
| ChEBI_Ref = {{ebicite|correct|EBI}}
| ChEMBL = 117545
| ChEMBL_Ref = {{ebicite|correct|EBI}}
| RTECS = PA6300000
| Beilstein = 1696839
| Gmelin = 24898
| SMILES = CCl
| StdInChI = 1S/CH3Cl/c1-2/h1H3
| StdInChI_Ref = {{stdinchicite|correct|chemspider}}
| StdInChIKey = NEHMKBQYUWJMIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N
| StdInChIKey_Ref = {{stdinchicite|correct|chemspider}}
}}
| Section2 = {{chembox Properties
| C = 1
| H = 3
| Cl = 1
| Appearance = Gas tak berwarna
| Density = 1.003 g/mL (-23.8 °C, liquid)<ref name=GESTIS/>2.3065 g/L (0 °C, gas)<ref name=GESTIS/>
| MeltingPtC = -97.4
| Melting_notes = <ref name=GESTIS/>
| BoilingPtC = -23.8
| Boiling_notes = <ref name=GESTIS/>
| Solubility = 5.325 g L<sup>−1</sup>
| LogP = 1.113
| VaporPressure = 506.09 kPa (at 20.0 °C)
| HenryConstant = 940 nmol Pa<sup>−1</sup> kg<sup>−1</sup>
}}
| Section3 = {{chembox Structure
| Coordination = Tetragonal
| MolShape = Tetrahedron
}}
| Section4 = {{chembox Thermochemistry
| DeltaHf = −83.68 kJ mol<sup>−1</sup>
| DeltaHc = −764.5–−763.5 kJ mol<sup>−1</sup>
| Entropy = 234.36 J K<sup>−1</sup> mol<sup>−1</sup>
}}
| Section5 = {{chembox Hazards
| GHSPictograms = {{gHS flame}} {{gHS health hazard}}
| GHSSignalWord = '''DANGER'''
| HPhrases = {{h-phrases|220|351|373}}
| PPhrases = {{p-phrases|210|281|410+403}}
| EUIndex = 602-001-00-7
| EUClass = {{hazchem F+}} {{hazchem Xn}} {{hazchem T}}
| RPhrases = {{r12}}, {{r40}}, {{r48/20}}
| SPhrases = {{s2}}, {{s16}}, {{s33}}
| NFPA-H = 2
| NFPA-F = 4
| NFPA-R = 0
| FlashPt = −20 °C<ref name=GESTIS/>
| Autoignition = 625 °C<ref name=GESTIS/>
| ExploLimits = 7–19%
| LD50 = 1800 mg/kg (oral, rat)<ref name=GESTIS/><br>5.3 mg/L/4 h (inhalation, rat)<ref name=GESTIS/>
}}
| Section6 = {{chembox Related
| Function = alkanes
| OtherFunctn = {{unbulleted list|[[Kloroiodometana]]|[[Bromoklorometana]]|[[Dibromoklorometana]]}}
| OtherCpds = [[2-kloroetanol]]
}}
}}
'''Metil klorida''', juga disebut sebagai '''klorometana''', '''R-40''' atau '''HCC 40''', adalah [[senyawa kimia]] [[senyawa organik|organik]] yang termasuk dalam kelompok [[haloalkana]]. Senyawa ini dulu digunakan sebagai [[pendingin]]. Senyawa ini berbentuk gas tak berwarna yang mudah terbakar dengan bau sedikit manis. Karena sifatnya racun, maka saat inisenyawa ini tak digunakan lagi pada produk-produk rumah tangga. Metil klorida pertama kali disintesis oleh kimiawan Perancis [[Jean-Baptiste Dumas]] dan [[Eugene Peligot]] pada tahun 1835 dengan menguapkan campuran [[metanol]], [[asam sulfat]], dan [[natrium klorida]].
| |||