Persemakmuran Polandia-Lituania: Perbedaan antara revisi
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{{Infobox Former Country
|
| common_name = Polandia–Lithuania
| native_name = Królestwo Polskie i Wielkie Księstwo Litewskie ([[Bahasa Polandia|Polandia]])<br /> Lenkijos Karalystė ir Lietuvos Didžioji Kunigaikštystė ([[Bahasa Lituania|Lituania]])<br />
| continent = Eropa
| status =
| p1 = Kerajaan Polandia (1385–1569)
| flag_p1 = Alex K Kingdom of Poland-flag.svg
|
| flag_p2 = Alex K Grundwald flags 1410-03.svg
| s1 = Kerajaan Galicia dan Lodomeria
| flag_s1 = Flag of the Habsburg Monarchy.svg
| s2 = Kekaisaran Rusia
| flag_s2 = Flag of Russia.svg
| s3 = Kerajaan Prusia
| flag_s3 = Flag of the Kingdom of Prussia (1750-1801).svg
|| era = [[Early modern period]]
| year_start = 1569
| date_start = 1 Juli
| event_start = [[Union of Lublin|Union established]]
| year_end = 1795
| date_end = October 24
| event_end = [[Third Partition of Poland|3rd Partition]]
| event1 = fief of the [[Ottoman Empire]]<ref>Rozkwit i upadek I Rzeczypospolitej, pod redakcją Richarda Butterwicka, Warszawa 2010, s. 28.</ref>
| date_event1 = 1672-1676
| event2 = [[Protectorate]] of the [[Russian Empire]]
| date_event2 = 1768
| event3 = [[First Partition of Poland|1st Partition]]
| date_event3 = August 5, 1772
| event3 = [[Constitution of May 3, 1791|May 3rd Constitution]]
| date_event3 = May 3, 1791
| event4 = [[Second Partition of Poland|2nd Partition]]
| date_event4 = January 23, 1793
| image_flag = Chorągiew królewska króla Zygmunta III Wazy.svg
| flag = Banner of Poland
| flag_type = Royal Banner (c. 1605)
| flag_border = no
| image_coat = Coat of Arms of the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth.svg
| symbol = Coat of arms of Poland
| symbol_type = Royal Coat of arms
| image_map = Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth (orthographic projection).svg
| image_map_caption = The location of the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth at its maximum extent
| government_type = [[Hereditary Monarchy]]<br/><small>(1569–1573)</small><br/>[[Elective Monarchy]]<br/><small>(1573–1791 / 1792–1795)</small><br/>[[Monarki konsitusional]]<br/><small>(1791–1792)</small>
| legislature = [[General Sejm]]
| house1 = [[Senate of Poland#History|Senate]]
| type_house1 = Privy Council
| title_leader = [[List of Polish monarchs|King]] / [[List of rulers of Lithuania|Grand Duke]]
| leader1 = [[Sigismund II Augustus]]
| year_leader1 = 1569–1572
| leader2 = [[Stanisław August Poniatowski|Stanisław II Augustus]]
| year_leader2 = 1764–1795
| religion = {{Collapsible list|titlestyle = font-weight:normal; background:transparent; text-align:left;
| title = [[#Demographics and religion|See list]]|[[Roman Catholic Church|Roman Catholic]] ([[state religion]]) | [[Greek Catholic]] | [[Eastern Orthodox Church]] | [[Protestantism]] (various sects) | [[Judaism]] | [[Islam]] (mainly [[Tartars]] and [[Turkish people|Turks]])}}
| capital = [[Kraków]]<ref name="warsaw-capital-1596"/> & [[Vilnius]]{{Ref label|b|b|none}}<br/><small>(1569–1596)</small><br/>[[Warsaw]]<br/><small>(1596–1795)</small>
| stat_area1 = 815000
| stat_pop1 = 6500000
| stat_year1 = 1582
| stat_area2 = 1153465
| stat_pop2 = 10500000
| stat_year2 = 1618
| national_motto = {{lang-la|Si Deus nobiscum quis contra nos}} (''If God is with us, then who is against us'')<br/>''[[Pro Fide, Lege et Rege]]''<br/>(Latin: ''For Faith, Law and King'', since 18th century)
| national_anthem =
| common_languages = {{Collapsible list|titlestyle = font-weight:normal; background:transparent; text-align:left;
|title=[[#Languages|See list]]|[[Polish language|Polish]] | [[Latin]] | [[French language|French]] | [[Chancery Slavonic|Ruthenian]] | [[Lithuanian language|Lithuanian]] | [[German language|German]] | [[Hebrew language|Hebrew]] | [[Yiddish language|Yiddish]] | [[Italian language|Italian]] | [[Armenian language|Armenian]] | [[Arabic language|Arabic]] | (see [[#Languages|Languages]] section for details)}}
| today = {{flag|Belarus}}<br/>{{flag|Estonia}}<br/>{{flag|Latvia}}<br/>{{flag|Lithuania}}<br/>{{flag|Moldova}}<br/>{{flag|Poland}}<br/>{{flag|Romania}}<br/>{{flag|Russia}}<br/>{{flag|Slovakia}}<br/>{{flag|Ukraine}}
}}
'''Persemakmuran Polandia-Lituania''', '''Republik Dua Bangsa''' ([[bahasa Polandia|Polandia]]: ''[[Rzeczpospolita]] Obojga Narodów'', [[bahasa Lituania|Lituania]]: ''Žečpospolita'' atau ''Abiejų tautų respublika'', [[bahasa Belarus|Belarus]]: ''Рэч Паспалітая'' or ''Рэч Паспалітая Абодвух Народаў'', [[Bahasa Latin|Latin]]: ''[[Regnum Serenissima]] Poloniae'') adalah sebuah [[monarki]] [[federasi|federal]] yang dibentuk oleh [[Kerajaan Polandia]] dan [[Kadipaten Agung Lituania]] pada [[1569]], dan bertahan sampai tahun [[1795]].
Baris 38 ⟶ 75:
Persemakmuran ini akhirnya hilang dan wilayahnya dibagi-bagi antara [[Kekaisaran Rusia]], [[Prusia]] dan [[Austria]] pada [[1795]].
:''Lihat artikel [[Pembagian Polandia]] untuk lengkapnya.''
== Leburnya Persemakmuran Polandia-Lithuania ==
Akhirnya persemakmuran ini kurang tangguh menghadapi serangan negara-negara tetangganya mulai kira-kira awal [[abad ke-17]] sampai akhirnya menghilang sama sekali dari peta [[Eropa]] pada tahun [[1795]]. Polandia dan Lituania sebagai negara merdeka baru muncul kembali pada tahun [[1918]]. Sementara itu Lituania merdeka kembali diduduki oleh [[Jerman Nazi]] dan [[Uni Soviet]] pada tahun [[1941]] dan [[1945]]. Lituania menjadi benar-benar merdeka baru pada tahun [[1992]] ketika Uni Soviet sendiri benar-benar lebur.
<center>'''Hilangnya Persemakmuran Polandia-Lituania dari permukaan Eropa:'''<gallery>
Berkas:Rzeczpospolita 1600.png|Puncak Persemakmuran (kurang lebih [[1630]])
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