Gen: Perbedaan antara revisi

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Baris 11:
== Struktur gen ==
Pada eukariota, gen terdiri dari:<ref>{{en}} {{cite book|title=An Introduction to Genetic Analysis|author=Anthony JF Griffiths, Jeffrey H Miller, David T Suzuki, Richard C Lewontin, and William M Gelbart|work=University of British Columbia, University of California, Harvard University|isbn=0-7167-3520-2|edition=7|year=2000|page=Genes as determinants of the inherent properties of species|publisher=W. H. Freeman|url=http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/bookshelf/br.fcgi?book=iga&part=A64|accessdate=2010-08-16}}</ref><ref>{{en}} {{cite book|title=An Introduction to Genetic Analysis|author=Anthony JF Griffiths, Jeffrey H Miller, David T Suzuki, Richard C Lewontin, and William M Gelbart|work=University of British Columbia, University of California, Harvard University|isbn=0-7167-3520-2|edition=7|year=2000|page=Figure 1-9. Generalized structure of a eukaryotic gene.|publisher=W. H. Freeman|url=http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/bookshelf/br.fcgi?book=iga&part=A64&rendertype=figure&id=A80|accessdate=2010-08-16}}</ref>
* domain regulasi inisiasi transkripsi, yang terdiri antara lain dari:<ref>{{en}} {{cite book| title=An Introduction to Genetic Analysis| author=Anthony JF Griffiths, Jeffrey H Miller, David T Suzuki, Richard C Lewontin, and William M Gelbart| work=University of British Columbia, University of California, Harvard University| isbn=0-7167-3520-2| edition=7| year=2000| page=Figure 11-25. The promoter region in higher eukaryotes.| publisher=W. H. Freeman| url=http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/bookshelf/br.fcgi?book=iga&part=A2021&rendertype=figure&id=A2024| accessdate=2010-08-19}}</ref> deret GCCACACCC, ATGCAAAT, [[kotak GC]], [[kotak CCAAT]] dan [[kotak TATA]].
* domain regulasi inisiasi transkripsi, yang terdiri antara lain dari:<ref>{{en}} {{cite book
| title = An Introduction to Genetic Analysis
| author = Anthony JF Griffiths, Jeffrey H Miller, David T Suzuki, Richard C Lewontin, and William M Gelbart
| work = University of British Columbia, University of California, Harvard University
| isbn = 0-7167-3520-2
| edition = 7
| year = 2000
| page = Figure 11-25. The promoter region in higher eukaryotes.
| publisher = W. H. Freeman
| url = http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/bookshelf/br.fcgi?book=iga&part=A2021&rendertype=figure&id=A2024
| accessdate = 2010-08-19
}}</ref> deret GCCACACCC, ATGCAAAT, [[kotak GC]], [[kotak CCAAT]] dan [[kotak TATA]].
* intron
* ekson, merupakan area kodikasi protein yang dapat ditranskripsi secara ''overlapping'' atau ''nonoverlapping''.<ref>{{en}} {{cite book| title=An Introduction to Genetic Analysis| author=Anthony JF Griffiths, Jeffrey H Miller, David T Suzuki, Richard C Lewontin, dan William M Gelbart| work=University of British Columbia, University of California, Harvard University| isbn=0-7167-3520-2| edition=7| year=2001| page=Figure 10-24| publisher=W. H. Freeman| url=http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/bookshelf/br.fcgi?book=iga&part=A1845&rendertype=figure&id=A1847| accessdate=2010-10-06}}</ref> Sebagai contoh, pada kode dengan tiga deret [[nukleotida]] (kodon triplet) AUU GCU CAG, dapat secara dibaca ''nonoverlapping'' sebagai AUU GCU CAG atau dibaca secara ''overlapping'' sebagai AUU UUG UGC GCU CUC CAG. Walaupun pada sekitar tahun 1961, telah diketahui bahwa [[asam amino]] dikodikasi oleh kodon secara ''nonoverlapping'', telah ditemukan protein berbeda hasil transkripsi dengan pergeseran ''overlapping'' kodon.<ref>{{en}} {{cite book| title=An Introduction to Genetic Analysis| author=Anthony JF Griffiths, Jeffrey H Miller, David T Suzuki, Richard C Lewontin, dan William M Gelbart| work=University of British Columbia, University of California, Harvard University| isbn=0-7167-3520-2| edition=7| year=2001| page=Genetic code| publisher=W. H. Freeman| url=http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/bookshelf/br.fcgi?book=iga&part=A1845| accessdate=2010-10-06}}</ref>
* ekson, merupakan area kodikasi protein yang dapat ditranskripsi secara ''overlapping'' atau ''nonoverlapping''.<ref>{{en}}{{cite book
| title = An Introduction to Genetic Analysis
| author = Anthony JF Griffiths, Jeffrey H Miller, David T Suzuki, Richard C Lewontin, dan William M Gelbart
| work = University of British Columbia, University of California, Harvard University
| isbn = 0-7167-3520-2
| edition = 7
| year = 2001
| page = Figure 10-24
| publisher = W. H. Freeman
| url = http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/bookshelf/br.fcgi?book=iga&part=A1845&rendertype=figure&id=A1847
| accessdate = 2010-10-06
}}</ref> Sebagai contoh, pada kode dengan tiga deret [[nukleotida]] (kodon triplet) AUU GCU CAG, dapat secara dibaca ''nonoverlapping'' sebagai AUU GCU CAG atau dibaca secara ''overlapping'' sebagai AUU UUG UGC GCU CUC CAG. Walaupun pada sekitar tahun 1961, telah diketahui bahwa [[asam amino]] dikodikasi oleh kodon secara ''nonoverlapping'', telah ditemukan protein berbeda hasil transkripsi dengan pergeseran ''overlapping'' kodon.<ref>{{en}}{{cite book
| title = An Introduction to Genetic Analysis
| author = Anthony JF Griffiths, Jeffrey H Miller, David T Suzuki, Richard C Lewontin, dan William M Gelbart
| work = University of British Columbia, University of California, Harvard University
| isbn = 0-7167-3520-2
| edition = 7
| year = 2001
| page = Genetic code
| publisher = W. H. Freeman
| url = http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/bookshelf/br.fcgi?book=iga&part=A1845
| accessdate = 2010-10-06
}}</ref>
* domain regulasi akhir transkripsi