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:''"Sighet" redirects here. For the Hasidic dynasty, see [[Sighet (Hasidic dynasty)]].''
{{Infobox Settlement <!--more fields are available for this Infobox - See Template:Infobox Settlement-->
|subdivision_type = [[Countries of the world|CountryNegara]]
|subdivision_name = {{ROU}}
|timezone=[[Eastern European Time|EET]]
website=http://www.primaria-sighet.ro/|
}}
'''Sighetu Marmaţiei''', alsojuga spelleddieja '''Sighetul Marmaţiei''' ({{lang-de|Maramureschsigeth}} oratau ''Siget'', {{lang-hu|Máramarossziget}}, {{lang-sk|Sihoť}}, {{lang-uk|Сигіт}}, {{lang-yi|סיגעט -Siget}}), formerlysebelumnya '''Sighet''', isadalah akota cityyang terletak di ([[Municipalities ofProvinsi Romania|municipalityMaramureş]]) in, [[Maramureş CountyRumania]]. nearDalam thebahasa [[Iza River]]Hongaria, innama north-westernkota ini berarti "Pulau di [[RomaniaMáramaros]]". (''Sziget''pulau)
Its name in Hungarian means "[[Island]] in [[Máramaros]]". (''Sziget''=island)
==Geography==
Neighboring communities include: [[Sarasău]], [[Săpânţa]], [[Câmpulung la Tisa]], [[Ocna Şugatag]], [[Giuleşti, Maramureş|Giuleşti]], [[Vadu Izei]], [[Rona de Jos]] and [[Bocicoiu Mare]] communities in Romania, [[Bila Cerkva]] community and the [[Solotvyno]] township in [[Ukraine]] ([[Zakarpattia Oblast]]).
==Demographics==
The city has 44,185 inhabitants.<ref>[http://www.edrc.ro/recensamant.jsp?regiune_id=2140&judet_id=2376&localitate_id=2378 2002 census data]</ref>
*[[Romanians]] - 79.73%
*[[Hungarian minority in Romania|Hungarians]] - 15.80%
*[[Roma minority in Romania|Romas]] - 1.08%
*[[Ukrainians of Romania|Ukrainians]] - 2.97%
[[Image:Sighet synagogue.JPG|thumb|left|A synagogue in Sighet.]]
According to the 1910 census, the city had 21,370 inhabitants; these consisted of 17,542 (82.1%) Hungarian speakers, 2,002 (9.4%) Romanian, 1,257 (5.9%) [[German language|German]], and 32 [[Rusyn language|Ruthenian]] speakers.
The number of Jews was 7981; they were included in the Hungarian and German language groups. There were
5850 Greek Catholics and 4901 Roman Catholics.<ref>''Atlas and Gazetteer of Historic Hungary 1914'', [http://www.talmakiado.hu/ Talma Kiadó] ISBN 963-85683-4-8</ref>
==History==
Inhabited since the [[Hallstatt culture|Hallstatt period]], the urban area was situated on an important route that followed the [[Tisza]] Valley. The first mention of a settlement dates back to the 11th century, and the city as such was first mentioned in 1326. In 1352, it was a free royal town and the capital of [[Máramaros]] ''[[Comitatus (Kingdom of Hungary)|comitatus]]'' of the [[Kingdom of Hungary]].
From 1556, the settlement - like the Castle of [[Huszt]] - was a residence of [[Rulers of Transylvania|Transylvanian Princes]]; from 1570 to 1733, the town and the county were part of the Principality of [[Transylvania]]. In 1733, [[List of Hungarian rulers|King]] [[Charles VI, Holy Roman Emperor|Charles III]] returned it and Máramaros County to his Hungarian domain.
Sighetu Marmaţiei was one of the Romanian, Rusyn, and Jewish cultural and political centers in the Kingdom of Hungary. The Jewish community was led by the Teitelbaum family — who also led the [[Satmar (Hasidic dynasty)|Satmar]] [[Hasidic Judaism|Hasidic]] community.
It became part of the [[Kingdom of Romania]] at the end of [[World War I]] (''see [[Greater Romania]]''), and was again under [[Hungary|Hungarian]] administration during [[World War II]] as a result of the [[Second Vienna Award]]. The latter lasted until 1944 and in these years more than 20,000 Jews from Sighet would be sent to [[Auschwitz concentration camp|Auschwitz]] (including the [[Nobel Peace Prize]] winner [[Elie Wiesel]], born in Sighet) and other [[Nazi extermination camps]]. Nowadays there are only about 21<ref>[Target= "reference 1"]</ref> Jews living in Sighetu Marmaţiei.
The [[Paris Peace Treaties, 1947|Treaty of Paris]] at the end of [[World War II]] voided the [[Vienna Awards]], and Sighetu Marmaţiei returned to Romania.
[[Image:RSR Mun Sighetu-Marmatiei.png|thumb|100px|left|Coat of arms during the Socialist Republic.]]
== Sighet prison ==
{{main|Sighet prison}}
In the 1950s and 1960s, after the establishment of the [[Communist Romania|Romanian communist regime]], the [[Securitate]] ran the [[Sighet prison]] as a place for [[political repression]] of public figures who had been declared "[[Enemy of the people|class enemies]]" — the most prominent of these was the former [[List of Prime Ministers of Romania|prime minister]] [[Iuliu Maniu]] (who died there in 1953). The former prison is now [[Sighet Memorial Museum|a museum]], part of the [[Memorial for the Victims of Communism]].
==Natives==
[[Image:Eli wiesel house in sighet01.jpg|thumb|right|250px|[[Elie Wiesel]]'s house in Sighet]]
* [[David Weiss Halivni]]
* [[Simon Hollósy]]
* [[Moshe Teitelbaum]]
* [[Yekusiel Yehuda Teitelbaum (I)]]
* [[Yekusiel Yehuda Teitelbaum (II)]]
* [[Elie Wiesel]]
* [[Gisella Perl]]
* [[Joseph Szigeti]] sometimes misspelled Sigheti
* [[:hu:Prielle Kornélia|Prielle Kornélia]]
* [[Oscar Sobel]]
* [[Géza Frid]]
* [[Elizabeth (Rachel) Grunebaum]]
==See also==
*[[Night (book)]]
==External links==
{{commonscat}}
* [http://www.sighet.net/ Photos and Images of Sighetu Marmaţiei]
* [http://photos.mavericksonlineden.com/thumbnails.php?album=133 Photos of Sighetu Marmaţiei]
* [http://www.sighet.ro Sighetu Marmaţiei]
* [http://www.sighet-online.ro Sighetu Marmaţiei Online News]
* [http://www.memorialsighet.ro/index.php?lang=en The Sighet Memorial of the Victims of Communism]
* [http://karpaty.prygl.net/sighet.php Sighetu Marmaţiei]
{{Maramureş County}}
==References==
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