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In addition to the previously noted divisions, there is also [[Putonghua]] and [[Guoyu]], the official languages of the [[People's Republic of China]] and the [[Republic of China]], respectively. These are based on the dialect of [[Mandarin (linguistics)|Mandarin]] as spoken in [[Beijing]], and are intended to transcend all of China as a common language of communication. It is therefore the common Chinese language (as these are often called) that is the language of government, of the media, and of instruction in schools.
There is a lot of controversy around the terminology used to describe the subdivisions of Chinese, with some preferring to call Chinese a [[language]] and its subdivisions [[dialect]]s, and others preferring to call Chinese a [[language family]] and its subdivisions [[language]]s. There is more on this debate later on. On the other hand, even though [[Dungan language|Dungan]] is very closely related to Mandarin, not many people consider it "Chinese", because it is written in Cyrillic and spoken by [[Dungan|people]] outside of [[
It is common for speakers of Chinese to be able to speak several variations of the language. Typically in southern China, a person will be able to speak the official [[Putonghua]], the local dialect, and occasionally either speak or understand another regional dialect, such as [[Cantonese (linguistics)|Cantonese]]. Such polyglots will frequently [[code-switching|code switch]] between Putonghua and the local dialect, depending on situation. See [[Kapang Syndrome]]. Sometimes, the various dialects are mixed from other dialects, depending on geographical influence. A person living in [[Taiwan]], for example, will commonly mix pronunciations, phrases, and words from [[Mandarin (linguistics)|Mandarin]] and [[Min-nan|Minnan]], and this mixture is considered socially appropriate under many circumstances.
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