Lahan basah: Perbedaan antara revisi
Konten dihapus Konten ditambahkan
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[[Berkas:Wetland-marshall-county-indiana.jpg|thumb|400px|Lahan basah di [[Indiana]], [[Amerika Serikat]] ]]
'''Lahan basah''' atau '''''wetland''''' ([[bahasa Inggris|Ingg.]]) adalah wilayah-wilayah di mana [[tanah]]nya jenuh dengan [[air]], baik bersifat permanen (menetap) atau musiman.
Lahan basah merupakan wilayah yang memiliki tingkat [[keanekaragaman hayati]] yang tinggi dibandingkan dengan kebanyakan [[ekosistem]]<ref name="class"/>.
Pada sisi yang lain, banyak kawasan lahan basah yang merupakan lahan yang subur, sehingga kerap dibuka, dikeringkan dan di[[konversi lahan|konversi]] menjadi lahan-lahan [[pertanian]].
Mengingat nilainya yang tinggi itu, di banyak negara lahan-lahan basah ini diawasi dengan ketat penggunaannya serta dimasukkan ke dalam program-program [[konservasi]] dan rancangan pelestarian keanekaragaman hayati semisal [[Biodiversity Action Plan]].
== Definisi teknis ==
Lahan basah digolongkan baik ke dalam [[bioma]] maupun [[ekosistem]]<ref name="class"/>.
Lahan basah juga kerap dideskripsi sebagai [[ekoton]], yakni wilayah peralihan antara [[daratan]] dan [[perairan]]<ref>http://www.alabamapower.com/hydro/glossary.asp</ref>.
:"...''at the interface between truly terrestrial ecosystems and aquatic systems, making them inherently different from each other, yet highly dependent on both''."<ref name="mitsch2007">{{cite book
|last=Mitsch
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*Pasal 2.1: “[Lahan basah] dapat pula mencakup wilayah [[riparian]] (tepian sungai) dan pesisir yang berdekatan dengan suatu lahan basah, pulau-pulau, atau bagian laut yang dalamnya lebih dari 6 meter yang terlingkupi oleh lahan basah.”
== Upaya konservasi ==
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Due to their lack of potential [[financial]] benefits, wetlands have historically been the victim of large-scale draining efforts for [[real estate development]], or [[flooding]] for use as recreational [[lakes]]. Wetlands provide a valuable flood control function, building levees help replace natural flood controls. Wetlands were very effective at filtering and cleaning water<ref>[http://www.wild.org/blog/letting-nature-do-the-job Letting Nature Do the Job]</ref>, so to help with the ever increasing challenge of decreasing [[water pollution]] (often from [[agricultural runoff]] from the farms that replaced the wetlands in the first place), millions of dollars have been invested on [[water purification]] plants and expensive remediation measures. The USA came to understand how biologically productive wetlands are, so the USA passed laws limiting wetlands destruction, and created requirements that if a wetland had to be drained, developers at least had to offset the loss by creating artificial wetlands. One example is the project by the [[U.S. Army Corps of Engineers]] to control flooding and enhance development by taming the [[Everglades]], a project which has now been reversed to restore much of the wetlands as a natural [[habitat]] for plant and animal life, as well as a method of [[flood control]].
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[[da:Vådområde]]
[[de:Feuchtgebiet]]
[[et:Märgala]]▼
[[el:Υγροβιότοπος]]
[[en:Wetland]]
[[es:Humedal]]▼
[[eo:Malsekejo]]
▲[[es:Humedal]]
▲[[et:Märgala]]
[[fa:تالاب]]
[[fi:Kosteikko]]▼
[[fr:Zone humide]]
[[ko:습지]]▼
[[it:Zona umida]]
[[
▲[[ko:습지]]
[[lt:Šlapynė]]
[[lv:Mitrājs]]
[[nl:Drasland]]
[[no:Våtmark]]
[[pl:Mokradło]]
[[pt:Zona úmida]]
[[sl:Mokrišče]]
▲[[fi:Kosteikko]]
[[sv:Våtmark]]
[[th:พื้นที่ชุ่มน้ำ]]
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