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[[Berkas:Cichorium endiva.jpg|jmpl|ka|Daun ''Cichorium intybus'']]
'''''Cichorium intybus''''' adalah [[semak]] [[tumbuhan menahun|menahun]],<ref name="ecocrop.fao.org">{{cite web |url=http://ecocrop.fao.org/ecocrop/srv/en/cropView?id=694 |title=Cichorium intybus |publisher=FAO - Food and Agriculture Organization of the UN |accessdate=2013-12-16 |archive-date=2013-05-23 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130523061502/http://ecocrop.fao.org/ecocrop/srv/en/cropView?id=694 |dead-url=yes }}</ref> yang dibudidayakan untuk [[sayuran]], [[obat-obatan]], minuman [[pengganti kopi]], dan [[pakan]] [[hewan ternak]].<ref>{{Cite journal | url = http://books.google.com/?id=B0bXX_grAwYC&pg=PA68 | title = Nutrition and Feeding of Organic Cattle | isbn = 978-1-84593-758-4 | author1 = Blair | first1 = Robert | date = 2011-04-30}}</ref> Tumbuhan ini dapat tumbuh dengan mudah sebagai tumbuhan liar di pinggir jalan.<ref>{{cite web|title=Cichorium intybus|url=http://efloras.org/florataxon.aspx?flora_id=1&taxon_id=200023652|publisher=Flora of North America|accessdate=23 March 2014}}</ref>
== Pemanfaatan ==
=== Daun ===
Daun ''Cichorium intybus'' dimanfaatkan sebagai [[sayuran daun]] atau [[lalapan]]. Daunnya memiliki rasa yang pahit yang unik sehingga digunakan di berbagai [[masakan Spanyol]], [[masakan Turki|Turki]], dan [[masakan Yunani|Yunani]].<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.turkish-cuisine.org/english/pages.php?ParentID=5&FirstLevel=53&SecondLevel=61 |author=Tijen İnaltong |title=Wild Herbs of Turkey |publisher=Turkish Cultural Foundation |accessdate=2013-12-16 |archive-date=2013-01-16 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130116115552/http://www.turkish-cuisine.org/english/pages.php?ParentID=5&FirstLevel=53&SecondLevel=61 |dead-url=yes }}</ref> Rasa pahit ini dapat berkurang ketika dimasak dengan cara ditumis dan dipanggang.
=== Akar ===
Akar dari tanaman ini digunakan sebagia [[pengganti kopi]]. Akar yang telah dipanen digaringkan hingga kering, lalu digiling hingga menjadi bubuk, lalu diseduh. Berbagai lokasi pembuatan bir menggunakan keunikan rasa dari akar tanaman ini sebagai campuran [[stout]] dan [[bir]].
Pada tahun 1970an mulai diketahui bahwa akar Cichorium mengandung [[inulin]] yang kemudian diekstrak untuk menjadi [[pengganti gula]].<ref>{{cite web |author=Joseph O'Neill |url=http://www.functionalingredientsmag.com/article/Formulations/using-inulin-and-oligofructose-with-high-intensity-sweeteners.aspx |title=Using inulin and oligofructose with high-intensity sweeteners |publisher=Penton |work=New Hope 360 |date=2008-06-01 |accessdate=2013-12-16 |archive-date=2012-07-31 |archive-url=https://archive.is/20120731112515/http://www.functionalingredientsmag.com/article/Formulations/using-inulin-and-oligofructose-with-high-intensity-sweeteners.aspx |dead-url=yes }}</ref> Kekuatan rasa manisnya hanya 1/10 dari [[sukrosa]] sehingga pemanfaatannya tidak banyak selain pada industri [[yoghurt]]. Inulin juga termasuk [[serat pangan]] yang dapat larut air.<ref>Madrigal L. Sangronis E. "Inulin and derivates as key ingredients in functional foods. [Review]" [Spanish] ''Archivos Latinoamericanos de Nutricion''. 57(4):387-96, 2007 Dec.</ref> Akar Cichorium kering dapat mengandung hingga 68 persen inulin.<ref name="Kim96">{{cite journal |last=Kim |first=Meehye |title=The Water-Soluble Extract of Chicory Reduces Glucose uptake from the Perfused Jejunum in Rats |journal=J. Nutr. |volume=126 |pages=2236–2242 |year=1996
|accessdate=2008-08-20 |url=http://jn.nutrition.org/cgi/reprint/126/9/2236.pdf |pmid=8814212 |last2=Shin |first2=HK |issue=9}}</ref>
Baris 54:
{{Wikiversity-bc|Cichorium intybus}}
{{Wikisource|Chicory}}
* [http://www.itis.usda.gov/servlet/SingleRpt/SingleRpt?search_topic=TSN&search_value=36762 ITIS 36762] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20060927121306/http://www.itis.usda.gov/servlet/SingleRpt/SingleRpt?search_topic=TSN&search_value=36762 |date=2006-09-27 }}
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* [http://www.dogfish.com/brewings/Seasonal_Beers/Chicory_Stout/13/index.htm Dogfish Head's Chicory Stout] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071224214000/http://www.dogfish.com/brewings/Seasonal_Beers/Chicory_Stout/13/index.htm |date=2007-12-24 }}
* [http://www.foodmuseum.com/endive.html History of Belgian Endive] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20050729081033/http://www.foodmuseum.com/endive.html |date=2005-07-29 }}
* [http://www.plantnames.unimelb.edu.au/Sorting/Cichorium.html Species of chicory and endive]
* [http://www.northernbushcraft.com/plants/chicory/notes.htm Edibility of Chicory]: Edible parts and identification of wild Chicory.
* [http://naturemanitoba.ca/botany/wildPlants/Chicory.pdf Chicory, from Nature Manitoba] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110516194224/http://www.naturemanitoba.ca/botany/wildPlants/Chicory.pdf |date=2011-05-16 }}
* [http://lexilogia.gr/forum/showthread.php?12389-Chicory-%CF%81%CE%B1%CE%B4%CE%AF%CE%BA%CE%B9%CE%B1-%CE%B1%CE%BD%CF%84%CE%AF%CE%B4%CE%B9%CE%B1 Chicory in Greek]
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