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|journal=Inorg. Chem. |date=1996 |volume=35 |issue=21 |pages=6113–6130 |doi=10.1021/ic960525l}}</ref> They can also quantitatively stabilize [[carbocation]]s.<ref name=Olah1968>{{cite journal | author = [[George A. Olah]], Schlosberg RH | title = Chemistry in Super Acids. I. Hydrogen Exchange and Polycondensation of Methane and Alkanes in FSO<sub>3</sub>H–SbF<sub>5</sub> ("Magic Acid") Solution. Protonation of Alkanes and the Intermediacy of CH<sub>5</sub><sup>+</sup> and Related Hydrocarbon Ions. The High Chemical Reactivity of "Paraffins" in Ionic Solution Reactions | journal = Journal of the American Chemical Society | year = 1968 | volume = 90 | pages = 2726&ndash;7 | doi = 10.1021/ja01012a066 | url = | issue = 10 }}</ref>
 
==Faktor penentu kekuatan asam==
==Factors determining acid strength==
 
===TheEfek inductive effectinduktif===
Dalam asam karboksilat organik, suatu substituen elektronegatif dapat menarik densitas elektron keluar dari ikatan asamnya melalui [[efek induktif]], menghasilkan nilai p''K''<sub>a</sub> yang lebih kecil. Semakin menurun efeknya, unsur elektronegatif semakin jauh dari gugus karboksilat, seperti digambarkan oleh deret [[asam butanoat]] [[Halogenasi|terhalogenasi]] berikut.
In organic carboxylic acids, an electronegative substituent can pull electron density out of an acidic bond through the [[inductive effect]], resulting in a smaller p''K''<sub>a</sub> value. The effect decreases, the further the electronegative element is from the carboxylate group, as illustrated by the following series of [[halogenated]] [[butanoic acid]]s.
{|class="wikitable" border="1"
|-
!Struktur
!Structure
!Nama
!Name
!p''K''<sub>a</sub><!-- Dead reference <ref name="Evanspka">[https://www.scribd.com/doc/6792576/638478 Section 8: Electrolytes, Electromotive forces and Chemical Equilibrium]</ref> -->
|-
|[[File:2chlorobutanoic.png]]||asam 2-chlorobutanoic acidklorobutanoat||2.,86
|-
|[[File:3chlorobutanoic.png]]||asam 3-chlorobutanoic acidklorobutanoat||4.,0
|-
|[[File:4chlorobutanoic.png]]||asam 4-chlorobutanoic acidklorobutanoat||4.,5
|-
|[[File:butanoic.png]]||butanoicasam acidbutanoat||4.,5
|}
 
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|}
† teoritis
 
 
==Referensi==
Diperoleh dari "https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pengguna:Agung.karjono/Bak_pasir/TEMP2"