Bendera Amerika Serikat: Perbedaan antara revisi
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{{Infobox flag
|Name = Bendera Amerika Serikat
|Article =
|Image = Flag of the United States.svg
|Image_size = 300px
|Alt = Flag of the United States of America
|Nickname = The American flag (Bendera Amerika)
|Morenicks = The Stars and Stripes (Bintang dan Garis); Red, White and Blue (Merah, Putih dan Biru); [[Old Glory]] (Kejayaan Lampau); The Star-Spangled Banner (Panji Bertaburan Bintang)
|Use = 111111
|Symbol =
|Proportion = 10:19
|Adoption = 14 Juni 1777 <small>(versi awal dengan 13 bintang)</small><br />4 Juli 1960 <small>(versi sekarang dengan 50 bintang)</small>
|Design = Terdapat 13 garis horisontal berwarna merah dan putih; Pada bidang biru, terdapat 50 bintang putih yang tersusun secara horisontal dengan tiap baris terdapat 5 bintang dan 6 bintang
|Type = Nasional
}}
'''Bendera [[Amerika Serikat]]''' merupakan bendera nasional Amerika Serikat yang polanya terdiri dari 13 garis mendatar berwarna merah (paling atas dan paling bawah) bertukar dengan [[putih]] yang melambangkan 13 koloni pertama ketika [[Amerika Serikat]] merdeka, terdiri dari persegi panjang berwarna [[biru]] dan terdiri dari 50 bintang putih melambangkan negara bagian di [[Amerika Serikat]]. Julukan bendera ini adalah '''The Stars and Stripes''' (Bintang dan Garis),<ref>{{Cite web|title = History of the American Flag|url = http://www.infoplease.com/ipa/A0875838.html|website = www.infoplease.com|accessdate = December 13, 2015}}</ref> '''Old Glory''' (Kejayaan Lampau),<ref>{{Cite web|title = USFlag.org: A website dedicated to the Flag of the United States of America - "OLD GLORY!"|url = http://www.usflag.org/history/oldglorystory.html|website = www.usflag.org|accessdate = December 13, 2015}}</ref> atau '''The Star-Spangled Banner''' (Panji Bertaburan Bintang).<ref>{{cite book |author1=Furlong, William Rea |author2=McCandless, Byron |year=1981 |title=So Proudly We Hail : The History of the United States Flag |page=137 |publisher=Smithsonian Institution Press |location=Washington, D.C. |isbn=0-87474-448-2}}
</ref><ref name="NMAH-making">{{cite web | url=http://americanhistory.si.edu/starspangledbanner/making-the-flag.aspx | title=The Star-Spangled Banner: Making the Flag | work=[[National Museum of American History]] | publisher=[[Smithsonian Institution]] | accessdate=October 5, 2009}}</ref> Bendera yang digunakan saat ini pertama kali diperkenalkan pada [[4 Juli]] [[1960]] setelah [[Hawaii]] masuk menjadi negara bagian ke-50. Sejak kemerdekaannya Amerika Serikat telah mengganti pola benderanya sebanyak 26 kali.<ref>{{cite web| url=http://www.usflag.org/flagdesigner.html| title=Robert G. Heft: Designer of America's Current National Flag| work=USFlag.org: A website dedicated to the Flag of the United States of America| accessdate = December 7, 2006}}</ref><ref name="fnrasmussentbs">{{cite news |url=http://www.baltimoresun.com/news/maryland/bs-md-backstory-1960-flag-20100702,0,1768337,full.story |last=Rasmussen |first=Frederick N. |title=A half-century ago, new 50-star American flag debuted in Baltimore |newspaper=The Baltimore Sun |date=July 3, 2010 }}</ref>
== Sejarah ==
=== Sejarah kelanjutan rancangan ===
Hingga saat ini, bendera Amerika Serikat telah berubah sebanyak 26 kali dengan total 28 desain bendera. Pola bintang pada bendera ini digunakan sebagai ''Jack'' pada [[Angkatan Laut Amerika Serikat]]. Desain Canton, sebelum proklamasi bendera 48-bintang, tidak memiliki pengaturan resmi bintang-bintang. Sementara itu, warna-warna pada bendera ini baru distandarisasi pada tahun 1934.
<ref>Untuk versi alternatif bendera Amerika Serikat, bisa dilihat di [http://www.fotw.net/flags/us-ststr.html Stars of the U.S. Flag page] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20050222201438/http://www.fotw.net/flags/us-ststr.html |date=February 22, 2005 }} di situs web [[Flags of the World]].</ref>
{| class="sortable wikitable"
|- style="background:#ccc;"
! Jumlah<br />bintang
! Jumlah<br />garis
! class="unsortable" | Rancangan
! class="unsortable" | Negara bagian yang diwakili oleh bintang baru
! Tanggal digunakan
! Durasi
|- valign="top"
| 0 || 13 || [[File:Grand Union Flag.svg|border|84px]] || [[Union Jack]] alih-alih kumpulan bintang; garis merah dan putih mewakili [[Connecticut]], [[Delaware]], [[Georgia (U.S. state)|Georgia]], [[Maryland]], [[Massachusetts]], [[New Hampshire]], [[New Jersey]], [[New York (state)|New York]], [[North Carolina]], [[Pennsylvania]], [[Rhode Island]], [[South Carolina]], [[Virginia]] || {{nowrap|{{Dts|1775|12|3}}<ref name=leepson>Leepson, Marc. (2005). ''Flag: An American Biography.'' New York: [[St. Martin's Press]].</ref> – {{Dts|1777|06|14}}
| style="text-align:left;"| {{Sort|018|{{frac|1|1|2}} tahun}}
|- valign="top"
| 13 || 13 || [[File:US flag 13 stars.svg|border|84px]]<br />[[File:Hopkinson Flag.svg|border|84px]]<br />[[File:US flag 13 stars – Betsy Ross.svg|border|84px]]<br />[[File:Cowpens Flag.svg|border|84px]] || [[Connecticut]], [[Delaware]], [[Georgia (U.S. state)|Georgia]], [[Maryland]], [[Massachusetts]], [[New Hampshire]], [[New Jersey]], [[New York (state)|New York]], [[North Carolina]], [[Pennsylvania]], [[Rhode Island]], [[South Carolina]], [[Virginia]] || {{Dts|1777|06|14}} – {{Dts|1795|05|1}}
| style="text-align:left;"| {{Sort|215|18 tahun}}
|- valign="top"
| 15 || 15 || [[File:US flag 15 stars.svg|border|84px]]<br />[[File:Star-Spangled Banner flag.svg|border|84px]] ||[[Vermont]], [[Kentucky]] || {{Dts|1795|05|1}} – {{Dts|1818|07|3}}
| style="text-align:left;"| {{Sort|278|23 tahun}}
|- valign="top"
| 20 || 13 || [[File:US flag 20 stars.svg|border|84px]]<br />[[File:US 20 Star GreatStar Flag.svg|border|84px]] || [[Indiana]], [[Louisiana]], [[Mississippi]], [[Ohio]], [[Tennessee]] || {{Dts|1818|07|4}} – {{Dts|1819|07|3}}
| style="text-align:left;"| {{Sort|012|1 tahun}}
|- valign="top"
| 21 || 13 || [[File:US flag 21 stars.svg|border|84px]] || [[Illinois]] || {{Dts|1819|07|4}} – {{Dts|1820|07|3}}
| style="text-align:left;"| {{Sort|012|1 tahun}}
|- valign="top"
| 23 || 13 || [[File:US flag 23 stars.svg|border|84px]] || [[Alabama]], [[Maine]] || {{Dts|1820|07|4}} – {{Dts|1822|07|3}}
| style="text-align:left;"| {{Sort|024|2 tahun}}
|- valign="top"
| 24 || 13 || [[File:US flag 24 stars.svg|border|84px]] || [[Missouri]] || {{Dts|1822|07|4}} – {{Dts|1836|07|3}}<br />1831 term "Old Glory" coined
| style="text-align:left;"| {{Sort|168|14 tahun}}
|- valign="top"
| 25 || 13 || [[File:US flag 25 stars.svg|border|84px]] || [[Arkansas]] || {{Dts|1836|07|4}} – {{Dts|1837|07|3}}
| style="text-align:left;"| {{Sort|012|1 tahun}}
|- valign="top"
| 26 || 13 || [[File:US flag 26 stars.svg|border|84px]]<br />[[File:US 26 Star GreatStar Flag.svg|border|84px]] || [[Michigan]] || {{Dts|1837|07|4}} – {{Dts|1845|07|3}}
| style="text-align:left;"| {{Sort|096|8 tahun}}
|- valign="top"
| 27 || 13 || [[File:US flag 27 stars.svg|border|84px]] || [[Florida]] || {{Dts|1845|07|4}} – {{Dts|1846|07|3}}
| style="text-align:left;"| {{Sort|012|1 tahun}}
|- valign="top"
| 28 || 13 || [[File:US flag 28 stars.svg|border|84px]] || [[Texas]] || {{Dts|1846|07|4}} – {{Dts|1847|07|3}}
| style="text-align:left;"| {{Sort|012|1 tahun}}
|- valign="top"
| 29 || 13 || [[File:US flag 29 stars.svg|border|84px]]<br />[[File:US 29 Star Diamond Pattern Flag.svg|border|84px]] || [[Iowa]] || {{Dts|1847|07|4}} – {{Dts|1848|07|3}}
| style="text-align:left;"| {{Sort|012|1 tahun}}
|- valign="top"
| 30 || 13 || [[File:US flag 30 stars.svg|border|84px]] || [[Wisconsin]] || {{Dts|1848|07|4}} – {{Dts|1851|07|3}}
| style="text-align:left;"| {{Sort|036|3 tahun}}
|- valign="top"
| 31 || 13 || [[File:US flag 31 stars.svg|border|84px]] || [[California]] || {{Dts|1851|07|4}} – {{Dts|1858|07|3}}
| style="text-align:left;"| {{Sort|084|7 tahun}}
|- valign="top"
| 32 || 13 || [[File:US flag 32 stars.svg|border|84px]] || [[Minnesota]] || {{Dts|1858|07|4}} – {{Dts|1859|07|3}}
| style="text-align:left;"| {{Sort|012|1 tahun}}
|- valign="top"
| 33 || 13 || [[File:US flag 33 stars.svg|border|84px]]<br />[[File:US 33 Star Fort Sumter Flag.svg|84px|border]]<br />[[File:US 33 Star GreatStar Flag.svg|84px|border]]<br />[[File:US 33 Star Flag 2.svg|84px|border]] || [[Oregon]] || {{Dts|1859|07|4}} – {{Dts|1861|07|3}}
| style="text-align:left;"| {{Sort|024|2 tahun}}
|- valign="top"
| 34 || 13 || [[File:US flag 34 stars.svg|border|84px]]<br />[[File:Flag of the United States of America (1861-1863).svg|border|84px]] || [[Kansas]] || {{Dts|1861|07|4}} – {{Dts|1863|07|3}}
| style="text-align:left;"| {{Sort|024|2 tahun}}
|- valign="top"
| 35 || 13 || [[File:US flag 35 stars.svg|border|84px]]<br />[[File:U.S. flag (35 stars).svg|border|84px]] || [[West Virginia]] || {{Dts|1863|07|4}} – {{Dts|1865|07|3}}
| style="text-align:left;"| {{Sort|024|2 tahun}}
|- valign="top"
| 36 || 13 || [[File:US flag 36 stars.svg|border|84px]]<br />[[File:US 36 Star Wagon Wheel Flag.svg|border|84px]] || [[Nevada]] || {{Dts|1865|07|4}} – {{Dts|1867|07|3}}
| style="text-align:left;"| {{Sort|024|2 tahun}}
|- valign="top"
| 37 || 13 || [[File:US flag 37 stars.svg|border|84px]]<br />[[File:Flag of the United States (1867-1877).svg|border|84px]]<br />[[File:US 37 Star Medallion Centennial Flag.svg|border|84px]] || [[Nebraska]] || {{Dts|1867|07|4}} – {{Dts|1877|07|3}}
| style="text-align:left;"| {{Sort|120|10 tahun}}
|- valign="top"
| 38 || 13 || [[File:US flag 38 stars.svg|border|84px]]<br />[[File:US 38 Star Flag concentric circles.svg|border|84px]] || [[Colorado]] || {{Dts|1877|07|4}} – {{Dts|1890|07|3}}
| style="text-align:left;"| {{Sort|156|13 tahun}}
|- valign="top"
| 43 || 13 || [[File:US flag 43 stars.svg|border|84px]] || [[Idaho]], [[Montana]], [[North Dakota]], [[South Dakota]], [[Washington (state)|Washington]] || {{Dts|1890|07|4}} – {{Dts|1891|07|3}}
| style="text-align:left;"| {{Sort|012|1 tahun}}
|- valign="top"
| 44 || 13 || [[File:US flag 44 stars.svg|border|84px]] || [[Wyoming]] || {{Dts|1891|07|4}} – {{Dts|1896|07|3}}
| style="text-align:left;"| {{Sort|060|5 tahun}}
|- valign="top"
| 45 || 13 || [[File:US flag 45 stars.svg|border|84px]] || [[Utah]] || {{Dts|1896|07|4}} – {{Dts|1908|07|3}}
| style="text-align:left;"| {{Sort|144|12 tahun}}
|- valign="top"
| 46 || 13 || [[File:US flag 46 stars.svg|border|84px]] || [[Oklahoma]] || {{Dts|1908|07|4}} – {{Dts|1912|07|3}}
| style="text-align:left;"| {{Sort|048|4 tahun}}
|- valign="top"
| 48 || 13 || [[File:US flag 48 stars.svg|border|84px]] || [[Arizona]], [[New Mexico]] || {{Dts|1912|07|4}} – {{Dts|1959|07|3}}
| style="text-align:left;"| {{Sort|564|47 tahun}}
|- valign="top"
| 49 || 13 || [[File:US flag 49 stars.svg|border|84px]] || [[Alaska]] || {{Dts|1959|07|4}} – {{Dts|1960|07|3}}
| style="text-align:left;"| {{Sort|012|1 tahun}}
|- valign="top"
| 50 || 13 || [[File:Flag of the United States (Pantone).svg|border|84px]] || [[Hawaii]] || {{Dts|1960|07|4}} – sekarang
| style="text-align:left;"| {{Sort|590|{{age|1960|7|4}}}} tahun
|}
== Bendera yang serupa ==
Baris 13 ⟶ 128:
</gallery>
== Lihat pula ==
* [[Lambang Amerika Serikat]]
== Referensi ==
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