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== Teknik ==
Suatu teknik kimia analisis digunakan untuk memastikan konsentrasi suatu senyawa kimia atau unsur kimia.<ref>[http://www.wavesignal.com/forensics/Anlys.html Analytical technique]. Diakses 24 Desember 2018</ref> Terdapat banyak teknik-teknik yang digunakan untuk keperluan analisa, mulai dari perhitungan berat ([[gravimetri (kimia)|analisis gravmetri]]) hingga perhitungan volume ([[titrasi|titrimetri]]). Untuk teknik yang lebih khusus dan teliti digunakan instrumentasi.
The general expression Qualitative Analysis [...] refers to analyses in which substances are identified or classified on the basis of their chemical or physical properties, such as chemical reactivity, solubility, molecular weight, melting point, radiative properties (emission, absorption), mass spectra, nuclear half-life, etc. Quantitative Analysis refers to analyses in which the amount or concentration of an analyte may be determined (estimated) and expressed as a numerical value in appropriate units. Qualitative Analysis may take place with Quantitative Analysis, but Quantitative Analysis requires the identification (qualification) of the analyte for which numerical estimates are given.
— International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry (IUPAC), Nomenclature in evaluation of analytical methods including detection and quantification capabilities, Pure Appl. Chem. 67(10), p. 1701 (1995)
The term "quantitative analysis" is often used in comparison (or contrast) with "qualitative analysis", which seeks information about the identity or form of substance present. For instance, a chemist might be given an unknown solid sample. He or she will use "qualitative" techniques (perhaps NMR or IR spectroscopy) to identify the compounds present, and then quantitative techniques to determine the amount of each compound in the sample. Careful procedures for recognizing the presence of different metal ions have been developed, although they have largely been replaced by modern instruments; these are collectively known as qualitative inorganic analysis. Similar tests for identifying organic compounds (by testing for different functional groups) are also known.
Many techniques can be used for either qualitative or quantitative measurements. For instance, suppose an indicator solution changes color in the presence of a metal ion. It could be used as a qualitative test: does the indicator solution change color when a drop of sample is added? It could also be used as a quantitative test, by studying the color of the indicator solution with different concentrations of the metal ion. (This would probably be done using ultraviolet-visible spectroscopy.)
=== Kualitatif konvensional===
Analisa kualitatif menentukan ada atau tidaknya sebuah senyawa, tetapi tidak massa atau konsentrasinya. Analisa kualitatif tidak menghitung jumlah. Dalam prakteknya, uji kualitatif dapat dilakukan secara kimia ataupun fisika. Pengujian kimia merupakan analisis kualitatif yang dilakukan secara kimiawi, diantaranya [[test asam]] untuk [[emas]]<ref Name="Bunge">{{cite book |title= Philosophy of Science: From Explanation to Justification|last= Bunge|first= Mario|authorlink= Mario Bunge|year= 1998|publisher= Transaction Publishers|isbn= 9780765804143|page= 343|url= https://books.google.com/books?id=ofcy8wZeLCoC&dq=gold+test+aqua+regia&source=gbs_navlinks_s}}</ref><ref Name="Boyle">{{cite book|title= Robert Boyle and Seventeenth-century Chemistry|last= Hall|first= Marie Boas|authorlink= Marie Boas Hall|year= 1958|publisher= CUP Archive|page= 128|url= https://books.google.com/books?id=Jng6AAAAIAAJ&dq=gold+test+aqua+regia&source=gbs_navlinks_s}}</ref><ref Name="Association">{{cite book |title= School science and mathematics, Volume 13|authors = School Science and Mathematics Association, School Science and Mathematics Association (U.S.), Central Association of Science and Mathematics Teachers (U.S.)|year= 1913|publisher= School Science and Mathematics Association|location= University of California|page= 732|url= https://books.google.com/books?id=XY8YAQAAIAAJ&dq=gold+test+aqua+regia&source=gbs_navlinks_s}}</ref><ref Name="Chaplan">{{cite book |title= The Urban Treasure Hunter: A Practical Handbook for Beginners|last= Chaplan|first= Michael|authorlink= Michael Chaplan|year= 2005|publisher= [[Square One Publishers]]|isbn= 9780757000904|page= 194|url= https://books.google.com/books?id=aIjkXcoWfjcC&dq=gold+testing+kit&source=gbs_navlinks_s}}</ref> dan [[test Kastle-Meyer]] untuk menguji keberadaan darah. Beberapa unsur kimia menghasilkan warna tertentu apabila dibakar, [[uji nyala api]] dilakukan dengan membakar sejumlah [[sampel]] untuk mengetahui warna api yang dihasilkan. <ref>{{cite journal|last=Jensen|first=William B.|title=The Origin of the Bunsen Burner|journal=Journal of Chemical Education|volume=82|issue=4|pages=518|year=2005|doi=10.1021/ed082p518 |url=https://dx.doi.org/10.1021/ed082p518|bibcode=2005JChEd..82..518J}}</ref> Analisis kualitatif anorganik pada dasarnya merujuk pada suatu skema sistematis untuk memastikan keberadaan [[ion]] atau unsur tertentu (biasanya) dalam larutan dengan melakukan sejumlah reaksi yang menghilangkan sejumlah kemungkinan dan memastikan ion yang dicurigai dengan uji pemastian. Tidak jarang sejumlah kecil [[karbon]] yang mengandung ion termasuk dalam skema ini. Dengan menggunakan instrumen modern, uji-uji ini jarang digunakan tetapi bermanfaat untuk kepentingan [[pendidikan]] dan pekerjaan lapangan, atau situasi lain yang tidak memungkinkan menggunakan peralatan canggih.<ref>{{Cite journal| doi = 10.1021/ed081p969| title = Simple Flame Test Techniques Using Cotton Swabs| year = 2004| last1 = Sanger| first1 = Michael J.| last2 = Phelps| first2 = Amy J.| last3 = Catherine Banks| journal = Journal of Chemical Education| volume = 81| issue = 7| pages = 969| postscript = <!-- Bot inserted parameter. Either remove it; or change its value to "." for the cite to end in a ".", as necessary. -->{{inconsistent citations}}| bibcode = 2004JChEd..81..969S}}</ref>
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=== Kuantitatif konvensional ===
Salah satu dari presence of certain substances in a sample is known, the study of their absolute or relative abundance can help in determining specific properties. Knowing the composition of a sample adalah sangat penting, dan beberapa cara telah dikembangkan untuk menjadikannya mungkin, seperti gravimetri[2] dan analisis volumetri. Analisis gravimetri yields more data akurat mengenai komposisi suatu sampel dibanding analisis volumetri namun juga menghabiskan banyak waktu untuk dilakukan di dalam laboratorium. Analisis volumetri, di sisi lain, tidak perlu dilakukan dengan waktu yang lama dan dapat menghasilkan data analisa yang lebih akurat. Analisis volumetri dilakukan secara sederhana titration based in a reaksi netralisasi but it can also be a mengendap or a complex forming reaction as well as a titration based in a redox reaction. However, each method in quantitative analysis has a general specification, dalam reaksi netralisasi, untuk contohnya, reaksi that occurs is diantara suatu asam dengan suatu basa, menghasilkan suatu [[garam]] dan [[air]], hence the name netralisasi. In the reaksi pengendapan larutan standar yang digunakan dalam banyak kasus yakni [[perak nitrat]] sebagai pereaksi untuk mereaksikan with the ions present in the sample and to form a highly endapan tidak larut dalam air. Precipitation methods are often called simply as argentometry. In the two other methods the situation is the same. Complex forming titration is a reaction that occurs between metal ions and a standard solution that is in the most cases EDTA (Ethylene Diamine Tetra Acetic acid). In the redox titration that reaction is carried out between an oxidizing agent and a reduction agent.There are some more methods like Liebig method / Duma's method / Kjeldahl's method and Carius method for estimation of organic compounds.
For example, quantitative analysis performed by [mass spectrometry] on biological samples can determine, by the relative abundance ratio of specific proteins, indications of certain diseases, like cancer.
=== Metode Instrumental ===
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