Sejarah Kuwait: Perbedaan antara revisi

Saat masa [[periode Ubaid]] (6500 SM), Kuwait adalah pusat situs interaksi antara penduduk Mesopotamia dan Neolitik [[Arabia Timur]],<ref>{{cite web|author=Robert Carter|title=Maritime Interactions in the Arabian Neolithic: The Evidence from H3, As-Sabiyah, an Ubaid-Related Site in Kuwait|url=http://www.brill.com/maritime-interactions-arabian-neolithic}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|author=Robert Carter|title=Boat remains and maritime trade in the Persian Gulf during the sixth and fifth millennia BC|url=http://dro.dur.ac.uk/3673/1/3673.pdf}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|author=Robert Carter|title=Maritime Interactions in the Arabian Neolithic: The Evidence from H3, As-Sabiyah, an Ubaid-Related Site in Kuwait|url=http://www.bookdepository.com/Maritime-Interactions-Arabian-Neolithic/9789004163591}}</ref><ref name=subiya>{{cite web|title=How Kuwaitis lived more than 8,000 years ago|url=http://news.kuwaittimes.net/kuwaitis-lived-8000-years-ago/|work=[[Kuwait Times]]}}</ref> utamanya berpusat di As-Subiya di sebelah utara Kuwait.<ref>{{cite journal|author=Robert Carter|title=Ubaid-period boat remains from As-Sabiyah: excavations by the British Archaeological Expedition to Kuwait|url=http://www.jstor.org/discover/10.2307/41223721?sid=21105177051911&uid=4&uid=2&uid=3738400 | doi=10.2307/41223721}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|author1=Robert Carter |author2=Graham Philip |title=Beyond the Ubaid: Transformation and integration in the late prehistoric societies of the Middle East|url=https://oi.uchicago.edu/sites/oi.uchicago.edu/files/uploads/shared/docs/saoc63.pdf}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|author=Wydawnictwa Uniwersytetu Warszawskiego|title=Polish Archaeology in the Mediterranean - Issue no.XXII /2013|url=http://www.ceeol.com/aspx/issuedetails.aspx?issueid=61181cae-c162-4701-b3e9-d90d42cf9e15&articleId=c162131c-2860-4f70-96c1-3e83490a3e13}}</ref> Masa terawal yang diketahui bahwa Kuwait telah ditinggali sejak 8000 SM. Dengan pembuktian berupa alat-alat [[Mesolitik]] ditemukan di wilayah Burgan.<ref>{{cite web|work=Cardiff University|title=The Archaeology of Kuwait|url=http://orca.cf.ac.uk/41961/7/Almutari%20PhD.pdf|page=5}}</ref> As-Subiya di Kuwait Utara adalah tempat pertama bagi para penduduk Teluk Persia yang melakukan urbanisasi ke Kuwait<ref name=subiya/>Kampung [[Mesopotamia]] pertama di sebuah pulau Kuwait bernama [[Pulau Failaka|Failaka]] tahun 2000 SM.<ref name=t/> Pedagang dari kota [[Sumeria]] dan [[Ur]] tinggal di Failaka dan mengembangkan usaha mereka.<ref name=t/> Pulau ini memiliki banyak bangunan bergaya Mesopotamia yang biasa ditemukan di Irak pada tahun 2000 SM.<ref name=t>{{cite web|url=http://www.archaeology.org/issues/79-1303/features/kuwait/548-meopotamian-ur-traders|title=Traders from Ur?|work=[[Archaeology Magazine]] |accessdate=21 July 2013}}</ref> Penduduk Neolitik di Kuwait adalah penduduk pedagang maritim paling awal di dunia.<ref name="se">{{cite journal|author= Robert Carter|year=2011|title=The Neolithic origins of seafaring in the Arabian Gulf |url=http://www.ai-journal.com/article/viewFile/ai.0613/148|publisher= |volume=24 |issue=3|doi=}}</ref> Salah satu dari kapal alang-alang tertua berada di Kuwait utara yaitu kapal pada masa periode Ubaid<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/worldnews/middleeast/kuwait/1314980/Secrets-of-worlds-oldest-boat-are-discovered-in-Kuwait-sands.html |title=Secrets of world's oldest boat are discovered in Kuwait sands|work=[[The Daily Telegraph]] |accessdate=21 August 2013}}</ref>

 

 

Pada tahun 4000 SM hingga 2000 SM, pesisir Kuwait merupakan rumah bagi [[sipilisasi Dilmun]].<ref name=ak>{{cite web|url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=g-wzw-SeJic&feature=youtu.be&t=171|title=Kuwait's archaeological sites reflect human history & civilizations (2:50 - 3:02)|work=Ministry of Interior News}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=fhMTRcUm9WsC&pg=PA7|title=The Invention of Cuneiform: Writing in Sumer|work=Jean-Jacques Glassner|year=1990|page=7}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=BPX0h_wbFtEC&pg=PA11 |title=Area Handbook for the Persian Gulf States|work=Richard F. Nyrop|year=2008|page=11|quote=From about 4000 to 2000 B.C. the civilization of Dilmun dominated 250 miles of the eastern coast of Arabia from present-day Kuwait to Bahrain and extended sixty miles into the interior to the oasis of Hufuf (see fig. 2).}}</ref> Penguasaan Dilmun terhadap Kuwait termasuk sebuah kota Kuwait [[Shuwaikh Port]] (dahulunya [[Pulau Akkaz]]),<ref name=ak/> [[Pulau Umm an Namil]]<ref name=ak/><ref>{{cite web|work=Jacques Connan, Robert Carter|title=A geochemical study of bituminous mixtures from Failaka and Umm an-Namel (Kuwait), from the Early Dilmun to the Early Islamic period|url=http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/j.1600-0471.2007.00283.x/abstract|year=2007}}</ref> dan Pulau Failaka.<ref name=ak/> Pada puncak tahun 2000 SM, Kekaisaran Dilmun mengawasi jalur perdagangan Mesopotamia ke India dan [[sipilisasi Lembah Indus]].