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'''Universitas Kepausan Santo Thomas Aquinas''' (dalam [[bahasa Latin]]: '''''Pontificia Studiorum Universitas a Sancto Thoma Aquinate in Urbe'''''), juga dikenal sebagai '''''Angelicum''''' adalah universitas [[Ordo Dominikan|Dominikan]] di [[Roma]], dan merupakan sebuah universitas Kepausan.
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== Sejarah ==
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===Medieval origins===
The Pontifical University of Saint Thomas Aquinas in Rome has its roots in the medieval ''[[Medieval university|studium]]'' that was founded by the [[Order of Preachers]] at the [[Convent]] of [[Santa Sabina]] around the year 1222, and that flourished in the following centuries.<ref>Compendium Historiae Ordinis Praedicatorum, A.M. Walz, 214: "Conventus S. Sabinae de Urbe prae ceteris gloriam singularem ex praesentia fundatoris ordinis et primitivorum fratrum necnon ex residentia Romana magistrorum generalium, si de ea sermo esse potest, habet. In documentis quidem eius nonnisi anno 1222 nomen fit, ait certe iam antea nostris concreditus est. Florebant ibi etiam studia sacra." http://www.archive.org/stream/MN5081ucmf_3/MN5081ucmf_3_djvu.txt Accessed 4-9-2011</ref> In 1265, in accordance with the injunction of the [[Chapter (religion)|Chapter]] of Agnani, the studium was led by [[Thomas Aquinas]]: “Fr. Thome de Aquino iniungimus in remissionem peccatorum quod teneat studium Rome, et volumus quod fratribus qui stant secum ad studendum provideatur in necessariis vestimentis a conventibus de quorum predicatione traxerunt originem. Si autem illi studentes inventi fuerint negligentes in studio, damus potestatem fr. Thome quod ad conventus suos possit eos remittere” (Acta Capitulorum Provincialium, Provinciae Romanae Ordinis Praedicatorum, 1265, n. 12).<ref>Corpus Thomisticum, http://www.corpusthomisticum.org/a65.html Accessed 4-8-2011</ref> It was while teaching at Santa Sabina that Aquinas began to compose his monumental work, the ''[[Summa Theologica|Summa theologiae]]'', which he conceived of as a work fitting for beginning students: "Because a doctor of catholic truth ought not only to teach the proficient, but to him pertains also to instruct beginners. as the Apostle says in 1 Corinthians 3: 1-2, ''as to infants in Christ, I gave you milk to drink, not meat'', our proposed intention in this work is to convey those things that pertain to the Christian religion, in a way that is fitting to the instruction of beginners."<ref>''Summa theologiae, I, 1, prooemium:"Quia Catholicae veritatis doctor non solum provectos debet instruere, sed ad eum pertinet etiam incipientes erudire, secundum illud apostoli I ad Corinth. III, tanquam parvulis in Christo, lac vobis potum dedi, non escam; propositum nostrae intentionis in hoc opere est, ea quae ad Christianam religionem pertinent, eo modo tradere, secundum quod congruit ad eruditionem incipientium."</ref> At Santa Sabina Thomas composed the [[Summa Theologica|''Prima Pars'']] in its entirety and circulated it in Italy before departing to take up his second regency as professor at the University of Paris (1269–1272).<ref>Jean-Pierre Torrell, O.P. ''Saint Thomas Aquinas'', vol 1, The Person and His Work, trans. Robert Royal, Catholic University, 1996, 146 ff.</ref> To this period at the studium of Santa Sabina can be attributed an impressive [[Works by Thomas Aquinas|'''list of other works''']] including the ''Quaestiones disputate de potentia Dei'', the ''Compendium theologiae'', the ''Responsio de 108 articulis'', the ''De regno ad regem Cypri'', and at least the first book of the ''Sententia Libri De anima'', Aquinas' commentary on Aristotle's ''De anima'', the translation of which from the Greek was completed by Aquinas' Dominican associate at Viterbo William of Moerbeke in 1267.<ref>Torrell, 161 ff.</ref>
===Modern development===
[[File:Facade of the main entrance of the Pontifical University of St. Thomas Aquinas (Angelicum) (19May07).jpg|thumb|right|300px|Facade of the main entrance of the Angelicum.]]
From 1426 to 1539 the activities of the Dominican studium generale at Rome were centered at the [[Convent]] of [[Santa Maria sopra Minerva]]. At this convent the first edition of Aquinas' opera omnia would be produced in 1570.<ref>In This Light Which Gives Light: A History of the College of St. Albert the Great, Christopher J. Renzi, p. 42: http://books.google.com/books?id=t8qt63uOg6IC&pg=PA44&lpg=PA44&dq=%#v=onepage&q&f=false Accessed 4-24-2011</ref> Aquinas, who had been canonized in 1323 by Pope [[John XXII]], was proclaimed the fifth doctor of the Church by Dominican Pope [[Pius V]] in 1567. To honor this great doctor, in 1577 Msgr. [[Juan Solano]], O.P., former bishop of Cusco, Peru, funded the reorganization of Dominican theological and philosophical study at Rome on the model of the College of St. Gregory at Valladolid in his native Spain.<ref>Carlo Longo O.P., La formazione integrale domenicana al servizio della Chiesa e della società, Edizioni Studio Domenicano, 1996, "J. Solano O.P. (1505 ca.-1580) e la fondazione del "collegium S, Thomae de Urbe (1577)": "Si andava allora imponendo come modello di formazione teologica il progetto al quale aveva dato inizio alla fine del secolo precedente il vescovo domenicano spagnolo Alonoso de Burgos (+1499), il quale, a partire dal 1487 ed effettivamente dal 1496, a Valladolid aveva fondato il Collegio di San Gregorio, redigendone statuti che, integrati successivamente, sarebbero divenuti modello di una nuova forma di esperienza formativa." http://books.google.com/books?id=gMW2uqe2MCwC&pg=PA156#v=onepage&q&f=false Accessed 4-21-2011</ref> The features of this Spanish model included a fixed number of Dominican students admitted on the basis of intellectual merit who were dedicated exclusively to study in virtue of numerous dispensations from other duties, and who were governed by an elected Rector.<ref>Longo, op. cit.: "Quel collegio nasceva come una comunita` domenicana a numero chiuso, dedita esclusivamente allo studio e governata da un rettore, eletto dapprina annualmente e poi ogni due anni. Vi si accedeva per meriti intellettuali e, usufruendo di molte dispense, non si era distolti da altre occupazioni nel proprio impegno di studio e di ricerca." For a description of this system Longo refers the reader to: G. De Arriaga-M.M. Hoyos, Historia del Colegio de San Gregorio deValladolid, I, Valladolid 1928, pp 61-79, 421-449.]</ref> The result of Solano's initiative was the College of Saint Thomas ({{lang-la|Collegium Divi Thomæ}}) at [[Santa Maria sopra Minerva]]. The college cultivated the doctrines of St. Thomas Aquinas as a means of carrying out the Church's mission in the [[New World]], where personalities like [[Bartolomé de las Casas]], [[Pedro de Cordova]], and [[Francisco de Vitoria]] were already engaged.<ref>Cf. Edward Kaczyński O.P., ''Pontifical University of St. Thomas "Angelicum"'' in: Grzegorz Gałązka, ''Pontifical Universities and Roman Athenaea'', Vatican City: ''Libreria Editrice Vaticana'', 2000, p. 52. ISBN 88-209-2967-8 (casebound) or, ISBN 88-209-2966-X (paperbound)</ref>
At the general chapter of Rome in 1694 Fr. Antonio Cloche, Master General of the Dominican Order, affirmed that the College constituted the [[studium generale]] of the Roman province of the Order.<ref>Dizionario di erudizione storico-ecclesiastica da S. Pietro sino ai nostril giorni, Gaetano Moroni, Vol XIV, Venice, 1842, Vol. XIV, p. 214: "Nel capitol generale, tenuto in Roma nell’anno 1694, sotto il generalto del p. Cloche, il Collegio di S. Tommaso d’Aquino venne dichiarato studio generale della provincia romana" http://books.google.com/books?id=rl09AAAAYAAJ&printsec=frontcover#v=snippet&q=%22Collegio%20di%20s.%20tommaso%22&f=false Accessed 4-9-2-11</ref> The college became an international centre of [[Thomism|Thomistic]] specialization, open to members of various provinces of the Dominican Order and to ecclesiastical students, local and foreign.
In 1698, Cardinal [[Girolamo Casanata]], the [[Vatican Library|Librarian of the Holy Roman Church]], established the ''[[Biblioteca Casanatense]]'' at the Convent of Santa Maria sopra Minerva.<ref>[http://www.casanatense.it/jsp/english_site/about_us/history.jsp The Casanatense Library] {{en icon}} {{it icon}}</ref> This library was independent of both the convent and the college, and sponsored its own Chairs in Thomistic theology.<ref name="Renzi, 43">Renzi, 43</ref> At Casanate's death in 1700 the library was inherited by the convent and opened to the general public.
On May 26, 1727, [[Pope Benedict XIII]] granted to all Dominicans major houses of study, and thus, to the College of Saint Thomas, the right of conferring academic degrees in theology to students outside the order. However, in the seventeenth century the suppression of religious order hampered the mission of the College.
During the French occupation of Rome from 1797 to 1814 the College was in declined and even briefly closed its doors from 1810 to 1815.<ref>Renzi, 43; ''The Dominicans',' Benedict M. Ashley, O. P., http://www.domcentral.org/study/ashley/dominicans/ashdom08.htm Accessed 4-26-2011</ref>
The Order gained control of the Convent once again in 1815 only to be expropriated by the Italian government in 1871 , and in 1873 the Collegium Divi Thomæ de Urbe was forced to leave the Minerva. Throuout this upheaval the pedagogical activities of the College's faculty of theology were carried out at various locations around Rome.<ref>''The Dominicans',' Benedict M. Ashley, O. P., http://www.domcentral.org/study/ashley/dominicans/ashdom08.htm Accessed 4-26-2011</ref> In response to the disarray of religious educational institutions Pope Leo XIII, in his encyclical ''Aeterni Patris'' of 4 Aug. 1879, called for the renewal of Christian philosophy, and particularly for the study of the doctrines of Aquinas. The College began once again to gain status and influence. The Faculty of [[Philosophy]] was founded in 1892. The Faculty of [[Canon law (Catholic Church)|Canon Law]] was founded in 1896. [[File:Cloister of the Pontifical University of St. Thomas Aquinas.JPG|thumb|300px|[[Cloister]] of the ''Angelicum'']]
[[File:Angelicum.jpg|thumb|right|A cloister corridor]]
===Contemporary history===
At at the dawn of the twentieth century the Dominican conception of intellectual formation at Rome was transformed once again. The general chapters of 1895 (Avila) and 1901 (Ghent) had called for the expansion of the College of St. Thomas so as to meet the growing educational needs of the modern world. In 1904 Pius X granted permission for diocesan seminarians to attend the College of St. Thomas. In 1906 the College was granted the honorific status of Pontificium.<ref name="Renzi, 43"/>
The Chapter of 1904 (Viterbo) directed [[Hyacinthe-Marie Cormier]], O.P., the newly elected [[Master of the Order of Preachers|Master General of the Order of Preachers]], to develop the College into a "''studium generalissimum'' for the entire Dominican Order: "Romae erigatur collegium studiorum Ordinis generalissimum, auctoritate magistri generalis immediate subjectum, in quo floreat vita regularis, et ad quod mittantur fratres ex omnibus provinciis." <ref>Acts of the General Chapter of 1904, p. 53, reported in Renzi, 43</ref>
Cormier responded by stating his intention to establish this new studium as the principal vehicle of dissemination of orthodox Thomistic thought not only among the Dominicans, but also among the secular clergy. Building on the vision of the college established at the Minerva in 1577, this new institution embodied a broader scope and vision directly regulated by the Master of the Order.
The College of Saint Thomas was elevated to the status of ''Pontificium'' by [[Pope Pius X]] on May 2, 1906, thus making its degrees equivalent to those of the world's other Pontifical universities.<ref>See Acta Sanctae Sedis, Ephemerides Romanae, vol. 39 , 1906 http://www.vatican.va/archive/ass/documents/ASS%2039%20%5B1906%5D%20-%20ocr.pdf</ref> By [[Apostolic Letter]] of November 8, 1908, signed by the Supreme Pontiff on November 17, the college was transformed into the Collegium Pontificium Internationale Angelicum. At this time the College opened its doors in Via San Vitale 15. Cormier lead the development of the ''Angelicum'' until his death in 1916, establishing the principal guidelines for the institution as it exists today.<ref name="Renzi, 44">Renzi, 44</ref>
The rectorship of [[Tommaso Maria Zigliara]] (1833–1893), Albert Lepidi (1838-1922), and Sadoc Szabó had brought the college to a high degree of excellence, and its enrollment climbed from 120 in 1909 to over 1,000 during the 1960s.<ref>William Hinnebusch, O. P., The Dominicans, Society of St. Paul, 1975. http://www.domcentral.org/trad/shorthistory/default.htm. Accessed on 4-22-2011</ref> On June 29, 1923 Pius XI's encyclical ''Studiorum ducem'' singled out the College of St, Thomas as the official "sedes Thomae", the world's preeminent institution for the study of the doctrine of Aquinas.<ref name="Renzi, 44"/>
The year 1926 saw the ''Angelicum'' become an institute with its change of name to ''Pontificium Institutum Internationale Angelicum''. In 1932, the ''Angelicum'' moved to the appropriately more extensive complex of buildings comprising the ancient Dominican monastery of Saints Dominic and Sixtus on Rome's Esquiline hill. The institution changed its name once again in 1942 becoming the Pontificium [[wikt:athenaeum|Athenaeum]] Internationale Angelicum.
In 1950 the ''Angelicum's'' Institute of Spirituality was founded and incorporated into the Faculty of Theology; a year later the Institute of Social Sciences was founded within the Faculty of Philosophy. This institute would be established as its own faculty in 1974. The ''Angelicum'' is the only Pontifical university offering an advanced program in the study of Ecumenism.
On March 7, 1963, [[Pope John XXIII]], with the ''[[motu proprio]]'' ''Dominicanus Ordo'',<ref>[[Acta Apostolicae Sedis]] 55 (1963), pp. 205-208.</ref> raised the ''Angelicum'' to the rank of a Pontifical University. Thereafter it would be known as the Pontifical University of Saint Thomas Aquinas in the City ({{lang-la|Pontificia Studiorum Universitas a Sancto Thoma Aquinate in Urbe}}).
==The ''Angelicum'' today==
Today the ''Angelicum'' is noted especially for its Thomistic studies sections, a tradition that extends back to its earliest foundations. As the official ''Sedes Thomae'' in Rome, it provides students with the opportunity to immerse themselves in the Thomistic and Dominican tradition of theology and philosophy. To that end, the ''Angelicum'' has always boasted distinguished faculty. Notable figures from just the last hundred years include such leading exponends of Thomism as [[Reginald Garrigou-Lagrange]], Martin Grabmann, Marie-Dominique Chenu, Józef Maria Bocheński, Cornelio Fabro, as well as [[Jordan Aumann]], [[Christoph Schönborn|Christoph Cardinal Schönborn]], [[Aidan Nichols]], [[Wojciech Giertych]], Theologian of the Papal Household under [[Pope Benedict XVI]], and [[Charles Morerod]], secretary of the [[International Theological Commission]].
==Notable alumni and faculty==
'''[[Tommaso Maria Zigliara]]''' (1833–1893) was an Italian priest of the Dominican Order. In 1856 he was ordained and appointed as professor of philosophy at the College of St. Thomas. Later he became a master in sacred theology and was appointed regent of the College. Zigliara was a member of seven Roman congregations, including the Congregation of Studies, and was a co-founder of the Academia Romano di San Tommaso in 1870. When the Italian Government forced the Order to give up the convent of Santa Maria sopra Minerva in 1873, Zigliara, his professors, and the College's students continued their theological studies at the French College in Rome. Under Leo XIII Zigliara contributed to the encyclicals ''[[Aeterni Patris]]'' and ''[[Rerum novarum]],'' and was made the Bishop of Frascati, and then Cardinal, though he died before being consecrated.<ref>''Catholic Encyclopedia'', http://books.google.com/books?id=3FEsAAAAIAAJ&pg=PA759&#v=onepage&q&f=false Accessed 4-26-2011; ''The Dominicans',' Benedict M. Ashley, O. P., http://www.domcentral.org/study/ashley/dominicans/ashdom08.htm Accessed 4-26-2011</ref>
'''Thomas Pègues''' (1866–1936) was a French priest of the Dominican Order. Pègues served as a professor of theology at the ''Angelicum'' from 1909-1921. He was one of the prime movers of the [[Modernism|anti-modernist movement]] of his day, as is expressed in his 1907 ''Revue Thomiste'' article "L'hérésie du renouvellement": Puisque c'est en se separant de la scolastique et de saint Thomas que la pensée moderne s'est perdue, notre unique devoir et notre seul moyen de la sauver est de lui rendre, si elle le veut, cette meme doctrine."<ref>''Dictionnaire du monde religieux dans la France contemporaine'', http://books.google.com/books?id=K4onSytrit0C&pg=PA520&lpg=PA520&dq=#v=onepage&q&f=false</ref>
'''[[Blessed]]''' '''[[Hyacinthe-Marie Cormier]]''', O.P. (December 8, 1832 – December 17, 1916) was a French priest of the Dominican Order. Cormier was the seventy-sixth Master General of the order and served from 1904 to 1916. Noted for the quality of his retreats and his powerful preaching, it was he who gave the ''Angelicum'' its motto "caritas veritatis",<ref>Address of Fr. Joseph Agius, Rector Magnificus of the ''Angelicum'' on the occasion of the presentation of the Alumni Achievement Award to His Emminence John Patrick Cardnal Foley, Grand Master of The Equestrian Order of the Holy Sepulchre of Jerusalem, Saturday, April 18, 2009. http://angelicumnewsletter.blogspot.com/2009_04_01_archive.html Accessed 4-24-2011</ref> "the charity of truth," as well as its current organizational structure. Pope John Paul II declared Fr. Cormier blessed on November 20, 1994.
'''[[Martin Grabmann]]''' (5 January 1875 - 9 January 1949), was a German historian of theology and philosophy, and the foremost [[Medieval philosophy|medievalist]] of the twentieth century. He studied philosophy at the ''Angelicum'' earning a Baccalaureate, License and Doctorate in Philosophy (1901), and a Doctorate in Theology (1902).<ref>Medieval Scholarship: Philosophy and the arts By Helen Damico. http://books.google.com/books?id=plHnAf32FeYC&pg=PA107&lpg=0CBkQ6AEwAQ#v=snippet&q=grabmann&f=false</ref> Grabmann was made a professor of theology and philosophy in Eichstätt in 1906. He moved to the University of Vienna in 1913, and to the University of Munich in 1918. He was the first to work out the outlines of the ongoing development of thought in scholasticism and to see in Thomas Aquinas a response and development of thought rather than a single, coherently emerged and organic whole. Grabmann's thought was instrumental in developing the modern understanding of scholasticism and the pivotal role of Aquinas.
'''[[Reginald Garrigou-Lagrange|Réginald Marie Garrigou-Lagrange]]''', O.P. (February 21, 1877 – February 15, 1964, Rome), a French priest of the Dominican Order, is widely regarded to be one of the greatest [[Thomism|Thomist]] of the 20th century. He taught philosophy and theology at the ''Angelicum'' from 1909 to 1960. He directed the doctoral thesis of the future Pope John Paul II on John of the Cross.
'''[[Marie-Dominique Chenu]]''', O.P. (1895–1990), a French priest of the Dominican Order, was a progressive Roman Catholic theologian and a founder of the reformist journal ''Concilium''. His early theological work treated St. Thomas Aquinas from an historical perspective. His book Le Saulchoir: Une école de la théologie was put on the Index librorum prohibitorum in 1942 by Pope Pius XII because of its progressive ideas about the role of historical studies in theology. Later he was exonerated, being invited to serve as a ''[[peritus]]'', or expert, at the Roman Catholic [[Second Vatican Council]] (1962–65) where he was influential in the Pastoral Constitution on the Church in the Modern World, ''[[Gaudium et Spes]]''.
'''[[Józef Maria Bocheński]]''' O.P. (August 30, 1902 – February 8, 1995) was a Polish priest of the Dominican Order, a logician, philosopher, and one of the most distinguished and prolific contemporary [[history of logic|historians of logic]]. After taking part in the 1920 campaign against Soviet Russia, he took up legal studies in Lwów, then studied economics in Poznań. Having received his doctorate in philosophy at the University of Freibourg (1928–31) and his doctorate in theology at the ''Angelicum'' (1931–34), he lectured on logic at the ''Angelicum'' until 1940. After WWI he held the chair in the history of twentieth-century philosophy, University of Freibuorg from 1945 to 1972, where he directed the Institute of East European Studies, Freiburg from 1958 to 1975, and served as rector of the university from 1964 to 1966. He edited the journal ''Studies in Soviet Thought'' and published ''Sovietica''¸ a book series about the foundations of Marxist philosophy
'''[[Edouard Hugon]]''' O.P. (August 1867 - 7 February 1929) was a French priest of the Dominican Order, a Thomistic philosopher and Papal theologian, and consultant for the Sacra Congretio pro Ecclesia Orientali,<ref>Ite ad Thomam, http://iteadthomam.blogspot.com/2009/11/edouard-hugon-wikipedia-article.html Accessed 4-24-2011</ref> famed professor of philosophy at the ''Angelicum'' from 1909 to 1929, and well-known author of philosophical and theological manuals within the school of traditional Scholastic Thomism. His most famous written contributions to Thomism are the document known as "The 24 Thomistic Theses" issued by the Sacred Congregation of Studies in 1914 as the Church's official statement of the main features Thomism, and his ''Cursus philosophiae thomisticae'', which outlines an interpretation of St. Thomas derived from the writings of John of Saint Thomas.<ref>Ite ad Thomam, loc. cit.</ref>
'''Mariano Cordovani''' O.P. (February 25, 1883 - April 4, 1950) was an Italian priest of the Dominican Order. He served the ''Angelicum'' from 1912 to 1921 as professor of philosophy, and again from 1927 to 1934 as Rector Magnificus and professor of dogmatic theology. In 1935 he became the Provincial of the Dominican Roman Province and shortly after his election was made Master of the Sacred Apostolic Palace and first theologian of the Pontifical Household by Pius XI. He contributed especially to the encyclical ''[[Divini Redemptoris]]'' (1937), and afterward published his ''Appunti sul comunismo moderno'' treating the Church's position on communism. Pius XII name him by ''motu proprio'' Theologian of the Secretary of State, an ''ad personam'' nomination that was without precedent in the history of the Church. He was the protagonist of a social debate in 1943 in the "L'Osservatore Romano" entitled "Il cittadino e la società" (The Citizen and Society) which treated the social role of Catholicism. He was one of the inspirations, along with Giovanni Battista Montini, future Pope [[Paul VI]], of the celebrated Camaldoli Conference of July 1943, which produced an eponymous economic treatise that influenced the development of post-war democratic Italy.<ref>http://www.missionariedellascuola.it/chi_siamo/fondatrice/testimonianze.html</ref>
'''[[Dominique Pire]]''' O.P. (February 10, 1910 – January 30, 1969) was a Belgian Dominican whose work helping refugees in post-World War II Europe was honored with the '''[[Nobel Peace Prize]]''' in 1958. Pire studied classics and philosophy at the Collège de Bellevue and at the age of eighteen entered the Dominican priory of La Sarte in Huy. He then studied theology and social science at the ''Angelicum'', where he obtained his doctorate in theology in 1936.
'''[[Cornelio Fabro]]''' (1911–1995) was an Italian priest of the Stigmatine Order. Fabro's work is seminal in the 20th century renewal of Thomism. His prodigious philosophical production especially addresses the essence of Thomism and the defense of its principle metaphysical and gnoseological theses. He fostered a deeper understanding of the notion of "participation" in Aquinas, and broke new ground with his in philosophical anthropology. Fabro founded the Institute for Higher Studies on Unbelief, Religion and Cultures, and brought the work of Kierkegaard into fruitful comparison with that of Aquinas. Fabro obtained his Doctorate in Theology on October 28, 1937 at the ''Angelicum'' with a dissertation of the metaphysical notion of participation according to Saint Thomas Aquinas.
'''[[Blessed]]''' '''[[Karol Wojtyła]]''' (18 May 1920–2 April 2005), who served as '''[[Pope John Paul II]]''' from 16 October 1978 until his death on 2 April 2005, is certainly among the most illustrious students that the ''Angelicum'' has numbered within its ranks. Wojtyła earned a Licentiate and later a Doctorate in Sacred Theology. This Doctorate, the first of two, was based on the dissertation written at the ''Angelicum'' under the supervision of Fr. Réginald Marie Garrigou-Lagrange, O.P. entitled ''Doctrina de fide apud S. Ioannem a Cruce'' (The Doctrine of Faith According to Saint John of the Cross).<ref>Even though his doctoral work was unanimously approved in June 1948, he was denied the degree because he could not afford to print the text of his dissertation (an ''Angelicum'' rule). In December of that year, a revised text of his dissertation was approved by the theological faculty of [[Jagiellonian University]] in [[Kraków]], and Wojtyła was finally awarded the degree.</ref> John Paul II was declared [[blessed]] by Pope Benedict XVI on May 1, 2011.<ref>Cf. [http://www.vatican.va/news_services/press/documentazione/documents/santopadre_biografie/giovanni_paolo_ii_biografia_prepontificato_en.html#1946 Holy See Press Office, ''His Holiness John Paul II, Biography, Pre-Pontificate'': 1946] {{en icon}}</ref> <ref>Los Angeles Times, accessed 5-1-2011:http://www.latimes.com/news/nationworld/world/la-fg-vatican-pope-beatify-20110502,0,6170745.story?track=rss</ref>
'''[[Servais-Théodore Pinckaers]]''' O.P. (Liège, 1925 – Fribourg, 2008) was a Belgian priest of the Dominican Order, and a noted moral theologian. He influenced the renewal of a theological and Christological approach to Christian virtue ethics. Pinckaers did his doctoral studies at the ''Angelicum'' and completed his dissertation entitled ''La vertu d’espérance de Pierre Lombard à saint Thomas'' (1954) under the direction of Louis-Bertrand Gillon.
'''Abelardo Lobato Casado''' O.P. (Jan 20, 1925 - ) was a Spanish priest of the Dominican Order. He finished his doctorate at the ''Angelicum'' working under Vansteenkiste and De Vos in 1952. He began teaching at the ''Angelicum'' in 1960 in the chair of ontology. Since 1967 he was elected five time to be Dean of the Philosophy Faculty. In 1974 he was charged with organizing the International Congress on the VII Centenary of the Death of St. Thomas Aquinas on the theme of "Saint Thomas Aquinas and the fundamental problems of our time. In 1976 he founded, along with Fr. Benedetto D'Amore, the International Society of Thomas Aquinas. Since 1980 he is a member of the Directive Council of the Roman [[Pontifical Academy of St. Thomas Aquinas]]. In 1987 he was nominated Director of the Saint Thomas Institute of the ''Angelicum''. In 1982 he was nominated Habitual Observer for human rights of the [[European Council]], Directive Committee for Human Rights. In 1986 he was made Master of Sacred Theology by the ''Angelicum'' in recognition of his prodigious scholarly work. In 1999 he was nominated Conustant for the Pontifical Institute for the Family. In 1999 he was made President of the Pontifical Academy of Saint Thomas Aquinas by Pope John Paul II. In 2000 he was made director of the Roman journal ''Doctor Communis''<ref>http://www.arpato.org/chi_siamo_lobato.htm</ref>
'''Other distinguished students and faculty''' of the ''Angelicum'' include many bishops, archbishops and cardinals of the Catholic Church. See: {{main|List of people associated with the Pontifical University of St. Thomas Aquinas}}.
==Academics==
The ''Angelicum'' grants three cycles of academic degrees: the first cycle leading to the [[baccalaureate]] degree; the second cycle leading to the [[licentiate]] degree; the third cycle leading to the [[doctorate]]. Beyond its Italian baccalaureate, licentiate, and doctoral programs, the ''Angelicum'' offers English programs in Philosophy and Theology for the first cycle, and part of the second and third cycles. The faculties of Social Sciences and Canon Law offer degrees only in Italian.
===Faculties===
*[http://www.angelicum.org/Facoltà-e-Istituti/Facoltà-Diritto-Canonico/facolt_diritto.php?m=11&l=it Canon Law] {{en icon}} {{it icon}}
*[http://www.pustphilo.org/pustphilo.html Philosophy] {{en icon}} {{it icon}}
*[http://www.scienze-politiche.org/ Social Sciences] {{en icon}} {{it icon}}
*[http://www.angelicum.org/Facoltà-e-Istituti/Facoltà-Teologia/facolt_teologia.php?m=7&l=it Theology] {{en icon}} {{it icon}} Sections: Biblical, Dogmatic, Ecumenism, Moral, Thomistic, Spirituality
===Institutes===
*[http://www.angelicum.org/Facoltà-e-Istituti/Faculty-of-Theology/Spirituality-Institute/spirituality_institute.php?m=41&l=en Spirituality] {{en icon}} {{it icon}}
*[http://www.angelicum.org/Facoltà-e-Istituti/I.S.S.R.-Mater-Ecclesiae/issr_mater.php?m=66&l=en Instituto Superiore di Scienze Religiose ''Mater Ecclesiae''] {{en icon}} {{it icon}}
===Incorporated institutions===
*Institute of Greco-Byzantine Ecumenical-Patristic Theology ''San Nicola'', Bari (Italy)
===[[wiktionary:aggregate|Aggregated]] institutions<ref name="Ordinedeglistudi">Cf. [http://www.angelicum.org/coddocumento/310/Guidadellostudente.pdf?d=1 Pontificia Università S. Tommaso d'Aquino ''Angelicum'', ''Ordine degli studi - Order of Studies, Anno accademico - Academic Year 2008-2009'', ''Istituti collegati con l’Università – Institutes Connected with the University'', p. XXI.] {{en icon}} {{it icon}}</ref>===
*[http://www.aodonline.org/SHMS/SHMS.htm Sacred Heart Major Seminary, Detroit (USA)] {{en icon}}
===Affiliated institutions<ref name="Ordinedeglistudi"/>===
*[http://www.bfriars.ox.ac.uk/studium_intro.php Blackfriars Studium, Oxford (England)] {{en icon}}
*Collegio Alberoni, Piacenza (Italy)
*[http://www.dominicansindia.com/Mission/st%20charles%20seminary.htm St. Charles Seminary, Nagpur (India)] {{en icon}}
*Dominican House of Studies, Tallaght (Ireland)
*[http://www.archny.org/seminary/st-josephs-seminary-dunwoodie/ St. Joseph’s Seminary (Dunwoodie), New York (USA)] {{en icon}}
*Istituto Teologico De America Central Intercongregacional, S. Jose (Costa Rica)
*Sacred Heart Institute, Gozo (Malta)
*[http://www.diafrica.org/ Dominican Institute, Ibadan (Nigeria)] {{en icon}}
*Centro de Estudio de los Dominicanos del Caribe, Bayamon (Puerto Rico)
*[http://www.studiofilosofico.it/primapagina/ Studio Filosofico Domenicano, Bologna (Italy)] {{it icon}}
*[http://www.edt.edu.br/ Escola Dominicana de Teologia, Alto do Ipiranga, São Paulo (Brazil)] {{pt icon}}
*Centro de Teologia Santo Domingo de Guzman, St. Domingo (Dominican Republic)
*Mount St. Mary’s College, Auckland (New Zealand)
===Sponsored institutions<ref name="Ordinedeglistudi"/>===
*[http://www.angelicum.org/Facoltà-e-Istituti/I.S.S.R.-Mater-Ecclesiae/issr_mater.php?m=14&l=it Superior Institute of Religious Sciences ''Mater Ecclesiæ'', Rome (Italy)] {{en icon}} {{it icon}}
*[http://it.dominic.ua/en Superior Institute of Religious Sciences of St. Thomas Aquinas, Kiev (Ukraine)] {{en icon}} {{uk icon}}
===Associated institutions<ref>Cf. [http://www.angelicum.org/coddocumento/315/Facolt%C3%A0%20di%20Scienze%20Sociali%20-%20Faculty%20of%20Social%20Sciences.pdf?d=1 Pontificia Università S. Tommaso d'Aquino ''Angelicum'', ''Ordine degli studi - Order of Studies, Anno accademico - Academic Year 2008-2009'', ''Istituti associati'', p. 226.] {{it icon}}</ref>===
*[http://www.iscop.it/English/index_eng.html Higher Institute for Communication and Public Opinion, Rome (Italy)] {{en icon}} {{it icon}}
*[http://www.institut-chenu.eu/index.php?lang=en Institut Marie-Dominique Chenu, Berlin (Germany)] {{en icon}} {{fr icon}} {{de icon}}
==Related Programs==
*[http://www.scienze-politiche.org/bridge_builder_project.htm Bridge Builder Project] {{en icon}}
*Cardinal Pavan Chair for Social Ethics<ref>See: [http://www.angelicum.org/coddocumento/315/Facolt%C3%A0%20di%20Scienze%20Sociali%20-%20Faculty%20of%20Social%20Sciences.pdf?d=1 Pontificia Università S. Tommaso d'Aquino ''Angelicum'', ''Ordine degli studi - Order of Studies, Anno accademico - Academic Year 2008-2009'', ''Cattedra Cardinale Pavan per l'etica sociale'', pp. 224-225.] {{it icon}}</ref>
*[http://www.scienze-politiche.org/rome_program.htm Catholic Studies Rome Programme] {{en icon}}
*[http://www.angelicum.org/Facoltà-e-Istituti/Facoltà-Teologia/cattedre.php?c=129&m=7&l=it Chair of Cistercian Theology and Spirituality ''Benedict XVI''] {{it icon}}
*Chair of Ecumenical Studies ''Tillard''<ref>See: [http://www.angelicum.org/coddocumento/312/Facolt%C3%A0%20di%20Teologia%20-%20Faculty%20of%20Theology.pdf?d=1 Pontificia Università S. Tommaso d'Aquino ''Angelicum'', ''Ordine degli studi - Order of Studies, Anno accademico - Academic Year 2008-2009'', ''Tillard Chair'', p. 131.] {{en icon}} {{it icon}}</ref>
*[http://www.angelicum.org/Facoltà-e-Istituti/Facoltà-Teologia/cattedre.php?c=129&m=7&l=it Chair of Religions and Non-conventional Spiritualities] {{it icon}}
*[http://www.angelicum.org/Home/master_universitario.php?c=153&m=8&l=it Management and Corporate Social Responsibility] {{it icon}}
*[http://www.angelicum.org/Home/management_delle.php?c=152&m=8&l=it Management of the Organizations of the Third Sector] {{it icon}}
*[http://www.russellberriefoundation.org/Initiative_jr_Angelicum.php Russell Berrie Fellowship in Interreligious Studies & the Pope John Paul II Center for Interreligious Dialogue] {{en icon}}
==The Journal ''Angelicum''==
The Pontifical University of St. Thomas Aquinas is home to the journal ''Angelicum''. Founded in 1924 to promote the authentic tradition of Dominican Thomism, ''Angelicum'' fosters engagement with contemporary intellectual culture from a historical and systematic perspective. ''Angelicum'' publishes articles on topics in theology, philosophy, canon law, and social science in the principal European languages.<ref>http://www.pust.it/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=67%3Arivista-angelicum</ref>
==See also==
*[[Center for Catholic Studies (University of St. Thomas)]]
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== Catatan ==
[[Category:Roman Catholic universities and colleges in Italy]]
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[[Kategori:Lembaga pendidikan Katolik di Eropa]]
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