Revisi per 8 Mei 2008 11.33 sunting Naval Scene (bicara \| kontrib) Peninjau 26.494 suntingan k →‎Karir politik: +terjemah sedikit ← Revisi sebelumnya		Revisi per 8 Mei 2008 15.07 sunting balikkan Naval Scene (bicara \| kontrib) Peninjau 26.494 suntingan k →‎Pemerintahan Revisi selanjutnya →
Baris 11: [[Berkas:Antoninianus-Tranquillina-Gordian III-s2539.jpg\|thumb\|left\|300px\|Koin yang dikeluarkan untuk merayakan pernikahan Gordian dan Sabina Tranquillina, ''[[Augusta (gelar)\|Augusta]]''.]] <!-- Akan diterjemahkan, bantuan anda dialu-alukan! - Naval Scene▼ In the 3rd century, the Roman frontiers weakened against the Germanic tribes across the [[Rhine]] and [[Danube]], and the [[Sassanid Empire\|Sassanid]] kingdom across the [[Euphrates]] increased its own attacks. When the Persians under [[Shapur I]] invaded [[Mesopotamia]], the young emperor opened the doors of the [[Temple of Janus (Roman Forum)\|Temple of Janus]] for the last time in Roman history, and sent a huge army to the East. The Sassanids were driven back over the Euphrates and defeated in the [[Battle of Resaena]] (243). The campaign was a success and Gordian, who had joined the army, was planning an invasion of the enemy's territory, when his father-in-law died in unclear circumstances. Without Timesitheus, the campaign, and the emperor's security, were at risk. Di abad ke-3 saat, perbatasan Romawi semakin melemah terhadap desakan suku-suku Jermanik di seberang sungai-sungai [[Rhine]] dan [[Danube]], serta terhadap meningkatnya serangan dari [[Kekaisaran Sassania\|Sassania]] dari seberang sungai [[Eufrat]]. Ketika bangsa Persia dipimpin [[Shapur I]] menyerang [[Mesopotamia]], sang kaisar muda membuka pintu-pnitu [[Kuil Janus]] untuk terakhir kalinya dalam sejarah Romawi, dan mengirimkan pasukan yang besar ke Timur. Pasukan Sassania berhasil didesak kembali ke seberang Eufrat dan dikalahkan pada [[Pertempuran Resaena]] (243). Penyerbuan tersebut berlangsung sukses dan Gordian yang turut serta bersama pasukan, sudah merencanakan untuk menyerang sampai ke wilayah musuh, ketika ayah mertuanya meninggal dengan sebab-sebab yang tidak jelas. Tanpa adanya Timesitheus, maka rencana penyerangan dan keselamatan sang kaisar menjadi rawan. ▲<!-- Akan diterjemahkan, bantuan anda dialu-alukan! - Naval Scene Marcus Julius Philippus, also known as [[Philip the Arab]], stepped in at this moment as the new Praetorian Prefect and the campaign proceeded. In the beginning of 244, the Persians counter-attacked. Persian sources claim that a battle was fought ([[Battle of Misiche]]) near modern [[Fallujah]] ([[Iraq]]) and resulted in a major Roman defeat and the death of Gordian III<ref>''Res Gestae Divi Saporis'', 3-4 (translation of Shapurs' inscription at Naqsh-i Rustam)</ref>. Roman sources do not mention this battle and suggest that Gordian died far away, upstream of the Euphrates. Although ancient sources often described Philip, who succeeded Gordian as emperor, as having murdered Gordian at Zaitha (Qalat es Salihiyah), the cause of Gordian's death is unknown.

Gordianus III: Perbedaan antara revisi