Nagapattinam: Perbedaan antara revisi

'''Nagapattinam''' (''nākappaṭṭi<u>n</u>am'', sebelumnya dieja '''Nagapatnam''' atau '''Negapatam''') adalah sebuah kota di negara bagian Tamil Nadu, India dan pusat pemerintahan [[Distrik Nagapattinam]]. Kota ini menjadi terkenal selama periode [[Chola Pertengahan]] (abad ke 9-12 M) dan berfungsi sebagai pelabuhan penting mereka untuk perdagangan dan ekspedisi kelautan yang menuju timur. [[Vihara Chudamani]] di Nagapattinam dibangun oleh Raja [[Sriwijaya]] [[Sri Mara-Wijayottunggawarman]] dari [[Wangsa Sailendra]] dengan bantuan [[Rajaraja Chola I]] merupakan sebuah bangunan Buddhis penting dalam masa-masa tersebut.<ref name=srivijaya1>{{cite book|title=Indian civilization|author=deepak s|publisher=deepak shinde, 2016|page=169}}</ref><ref name=srivijaya2>{{cite book|title=Aspects of Indian history and culture|author1=C. E. Ramachandran|author2=K. V. Raman, Indian History and Culture Society|publisher=Books & Books, 1984|page=11}}</ref> Nagapattinam diduduki oleh [[Portugal|Portugis]] dan kemudian Belanda yang di bawahnya berfungsi sebagai ibu kota [[Koromandel Belanda]] dari tahun 1660 hingga 1781.{{sfn|W.|2002|p=161}} Pada November 1781, kota ini ditaklukkan oleh [[Perusahaan Hindia Timur Britania]]. Kota ini berfungsi sebagai ibu kota [[Distrik Tanjore (Kepresidenan Madras)|Distrik Tanjore]] dari tahun 1799 hingga 1845 di bawah [[Kepresidenan Madras]] dari Britania.{{sfn|W.|2002|p=161}} It continued to be a part of Thanjavur district in Independent India. In 1991, it was made the headquarters of the newly created [[Nagapattinam District]]. Nagapattinam is administered by a Selection-grade municipality covering an area of {{convert|17.92|sqkm|sqmi|abbr=on}} and had a population of 102,905 as of 2011.

== Catatan ==

== Referensi ==

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* {{Citation |last1=Strand|first1=Carl Ludvig|authorlink= |first2=John Paul |last2=Masek |title=Sumatra-Andaman Islands Earthquake and Tsunami of December 26, 2004 |year=2008 |publisher=American Society of Civil Engineers |location=USA |isbn=978-0-7844-0951-0|ref=harv|url=https://books.google.com/?id=ifv-Ye_3GvwC&pg=PA196&dq=nagapattinam+tsunami#v=onepage&q=nagapattinam%20tsunami&f=false}}.

* {{Citation |last=Various |title=Tourist guide to Tamil Nadu|year=2007|publisher=T. Krishna Press |location=Chennai |isbn=81-7478-177-3|url=https://books.google.com/?id=nGxbJqdEQrwC&pg=PA61&dq=soundarraja+perumal+temple#v=onepage&q=soundarraja%20perumal%20temple&f=false|ref=harv}}.

* {{Citation |last=Visweswaran |first=Kamala |authorlink= |title=Perspectives on Modern South Asia: A Reader in Culture, History, and |year=2011 |publisher=Blackwell Publishing Limited |location=UK |isbn=978-1-4051-0062-5|ref=harv}}.

* {{Citation |last1=Werbner |first1=Pnina |authorlink= |first2=Helene|last2= Basu |title=Embodying charisma: modernity, locality, and performance of emotion in Sufi |year=1998 |publisher=Routledge |location=London |isbn=0-415-15099-X|ref=harv}}.

== External links ==