Halusinogen: Perbedaan antara revisi

 

Efek dari narkoba bila dikonsumsi dalam sekian dosis tertentu dapat mengakibatkan seseorang menjadi ber[[halusinasi]] dengan melihat suatu hal/benda yang sebenarnya tidak ada / tidak nyata contohnya HEROIN dan [[LSD]].

 

== Disisosiatif ==

Banyak pengguna disosiatif dikhawatirkan kemungkinan ''NMDA antagonist neurotoxicity'' (NAN), yang mana disasosiatif dapat menyebabkan kerusakan sel otak. --><ref name="erowid">{{en}} {{cite web | url= http://www.erowid.org/chemicals/dxm/dxm_health1.shtml | title=This is your brain on dissociatives | publisher=erowid.org | |author=William E. White | year=1998 | accessdate=2015 }}</ref> <!--

Text EnWP : In 1989, [[John Olney]] discovered that neuronal vacuolation and other cytotoxic changes ("lesions") occurred in brains of rats administered NMDA antagonists, including [[Phencyclidine|PCP]] and [[ketamine]].<ref>{{cite journal |last1=Olney |first1=J. |last2=Labruyere |first2=J |last3=Price |first3=M. |title=Pathological changes induced in cerebrocortical neurons by phencyclidine and related drugs |journal=Science |volume=244 |issue=4910 |pages=1360–2 |year=1989 |pmid=2660263 |doi=10.1126/science.2660263}}</ref> Repeated doses of NMDA antagonists led to cellular tolerance and hence continuous exposure to NMDA antagonists did not lead to cumulative neurotoxic effects. Antihistamines such as diphenhydramine, barbiturates and even diazepam have been found to prevent NAN.<ref>{{cite journal |last1=Farber |first1=N B |last2=Kim |first2=S H |last3=Dikranian |first3=K |last4=Jiang |first4=X P |last5=Heinkel |first5=C |title=Receptor mechanisms and circuitry underlying NMDA antagonist neurotoxicity |journal=Molecular Psychiatry |volume=7 |issue=1 |pages=32–43 |year=2002 |pmid=11803444 |doi=10.1038/sj/mp/4000912}}</ref> [[Lysergic acid diethylamide|LSD]] and [[2,5-Dimethoxy-4-bromoamphetamine|DOB]] have also been found to prevent NAN.<ref>{{cite journal |last1=Farber, M.d. |first1=N |last2=Hanslick |first2=J |last3=Kirby |first3=C |last4=McWilliams |first4=L |last5=Olney |first5=JW |title=Serotonergic Agents That Activate 5HT2A Receptors Prevent NMDA Antagonist Neurotoxicity |journal=Neuropsychopharmacology |volume=18 |issue=1 |pages=57–62 |year=1998 |pmid=9408919 |doi=10.1016/S0893-133X(97)00127-9}}</ref>

 

Terjemahan masih mentah:

[[John Onley]] mengemukakan bahwa [[neuronal]] [[vakuola]] dan perubahan Perubahan sitotoksik lain ("lesi") terjadi pada otak tikus yang diberi antagonis NMDA. Termasuk [[Phencyclidine]] dan [[ketamin]]. --> <ref>{{cite journal |last1=Olney |first1=J. |last2=Labruyere |first2=J |last3=Price |first3=M. |title=Pathological changes induced in cerebrocortical neurons by phencyclidine and related drugs |journal=Science |volume=244 |issue=4910 |pages=1360–2 |year=1989 |pmid=2660263 |doi=10.1126/science.2660263}}</ref>

 

== Efek halusinogen pada otak ==

* [[Peter Stafford|Stafford, Peter]]. (2003). ''Psychedelics''. [[Ronin Publishing]], Oakland, California. {{ISBN|0-914171-18-6}}.

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[[Kategori:Narkotika]]