Mesir: Perbedaan antara revisi

Nama '''Mesir''' dalam Bahasa Indonesia, berasal dari istilah Arab ''{{Transl|ar|Miṣr}}'' ({{IPA-ar|mi̠sˤr|IPA}} atau {{IPA-arz|mesˤɾ}}; {{lang-ar|مِصر}}) adalah [[Bahasa Arab|Arab klasik]] Al Quran dan menjadi nama resmi Mesir, sementara ''{{transl|arz|Maṣr}}'' ({{IPA-arz|mɑsˤɾ|IPA}}; {{lang-arz|مَصر}}) adalah penyebutan lokal Bahasa Arab dialek Mesir. Nama ini berasal dari [[Bahasa Semit|rumpun Semit]], secara langsung terkait dengan nama Mesir dalam bahasa Semit lainnya, seperti [[Bahasa Ibrani|Ibrani]] {{Hebrew|מִצְרַיִם}} (''{{Transl|he|Mitzráyim}}''). Catatan tertua yang merujuk mengenai nama Mesir, tercatat dalam [[Bahasa Akkadia|Akkadia]] 𒆳 𒈪 𒄑 𒊒 ^'''KUR''''''mi-iṣ-ru''' ''miṣru,''<ref>The ending of the Hebrew form is either a [[Dual (grammatical number)|dual]] or an ending identical to the dual in form (perhaps a [[locative]]), and this has sometimes been taken as referring to the two kingdoms of Upper and Lower Egypt. However, the application of the (possibly) "dual" ending to some toponyms and other words, a development peculiar to Hebrew, does not in fact imply any "two-ness" about the place. The ending is found, for example, in the Hebrew words for such single entities as "water" (מַיִם), "noon" (צָהֳרַיִם), "sky/heaven" (שָׁמַיִם), and in the ''[[Qere and Ketiv|qere]]'' – but not the original ''ketiv'' – of "Jerusalem" (ירושל[י]ם). It should also be noted that the dual ending – which may or may not be what the ''-áyim'' in ''Mitzráyim'' actually represents – was available to other Semitic languages, such as Arabic, but was not applied to Egypt. See ''inter alia'' Aaron Demsky ("Hebrew Names in the Dual Form and the Toponym Yerushalayim" in Demsky (ed.) ''These Are the Names: Studies in Jewish Onomastics'', Vol. 3 (Ramat Gan, 2002), pp. 11–20), Avi Hurvitz (''A Concise Lexicon of Late Biblical Hebrew: Linguistic Innovations in the Writings of the Second Temple Period'' (Brill, 2014), [https://books.google.com/books?id=p1AMBAAAQBAJ&lpg=PP1&pg=PA128 p. 128]) and Nadav Na’aman ("Shaaraim – The Gateway to the Kingdom of Judah" in ''The Journal of Hebrew Scriptures'', Vol. 8 (2008), article [http://www.jhsonline.org/Articles/article_101.pdf no. 24], pp. 2–3).</ref><ref>{{Cite web|title = On the So-Called Ventive Morpheme in the Akkadian Texts of Amurru|url = https://www.academia.edu/371050/On_the_So-Called_Ventive_Morpheme_in_the_Akkadian_Texts_of_Amurru|website = www.academia.edu|accessdate = 2015-11-18|page = 84}}</ref> terkait dengan istilah ''miṣru/miṣirru/miṣaru'', yang bermakna "perbatasan" atau "daerah pinggiran". namun sebagian yang lain berpendapat bahwa nama mesir berasal dari nama misraim bin haam bin nuh, yaitu merupakan orang yang pertama kali menduduki lembah sungai nil, karena misraim pertama kali datang kesana, maka penduduknya dinamakan bangsa misra/mesir, yang bangsa keturunan misraim. <ref>{{Cite book|title = A Concise Dictionary of Akkadian|url = https://books.google.com/books?id=-qIuVCsRb98C&lpg=PP1&pg=PA212#v=onepage&q=misru|publisher = Otto Harrassowitz Verlag|date = 2000-01-01|isbn = 9783447042642|first = Jeremy A.|last = Black|first2 = Andrew|last2 = George|first3 = J. N.|last3 = Postgate}}</ref>