Kayu: Perbedaan antara revisi

Kayu merupakan bahan yang digunakan dalam peristiwa [[penyaliban Yesus]] (''[[salib|crux]]'' dalam bahasa Latin; ''[[stauros]]'' dan ''xylon'' dalam bahasa Yunani), berupa sebuah balok kayu tegak dengan tambahan palang horisontal sehingga membentuk "salib" atau struktur berbentuk T. Kata ''crux'' dalam zaman pra-imperial Romawi merujuk pada tiang gantungan atau tiang pancang, suatu instrumen yang terbuat dari kayu dan digunakan untuk melakukan eksekusi,<ref> "wood, tree or frame in which it is impaled, fixed or hanged criminals." T. Lewis, Charlton; Short, Charles, ''A Latin Dictionary''. Harper and Brothers publishers. New York in 1879. Oxford University Press.[http://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=Perseus%3Atext%3A1999.04.0060%3Aalphabetic+letter%3Dc%3Aentry+group%3D38%3Aentry%3Dcrux] [http://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=Perseus:text:1999.04.0060:entry=crucio&highlight=crux]</ref> namun belum tentu bersilangan atau membentuk "salib".<ref> "even among the Romans the crux (from which our cross is derived) appears to have originally been a stick upright, and this always remained the more prominent part". {{cite book|page=376|title=The Imperial Bible-Dictionary|volume=I|year=1874|location=London|publisher=|author= P. Fairbairn}}</ref> Dalam [[Perjanjian Baru]], [[Simon Petrus|Petrus]] tercatat dua kali menggunakan kata ''xylon'' (dalam Alkitab bahasa Inggris "''tree''", dalam Alkitab [[Terjemahan Baru|TB]] "kayu salib") sementara [[Paulus dari Tarsus|Paulus]] hanya satu kali menggunakan kata ''xylon''.<ref>1 Peter: a new translation with introduction and commentary: Volume 37, Part 2 John Hall Elliott - 2000 "... the light of this Deuteronomic passage ("cursed of Cod is everyone who hangs on a tree [epi xylon])," Deut 21:23</ref><ref>The Acts of the Apostles - Page 98 Luke Timothy Johnson, Daniel J. Harrington - 1992 ".. which derives from the LXX usage for "hanging" (Josh 8:29; 10:24), and above all from the curse passage of Deut 21:23"</ref><ref>1 Peter: a new translation with introduction and commentary John Hall Elliott - 2000 "The use of "tree" also distinguishes 1 Peter from Paul who, apart from Gal 3:13, employs stauros, never xylon, for the cross of Christ (cf. 1 Cor 1:17, 18; Gal 5:1 1; 6:12, 14; Phil 2:8; 3:18). By contrast, the Petrine author employs ..."</ref><ref>1 and 2 Peter, Jude Norman Hillyer - 2011 "Peter's description of the cross of Christ as a tree (xylon) is a favorite expression of his, for it recurs in his addresses in Acts (5:30; 10:39). According to Deuteronomy 21:22–23LXX, one who broke the Mosaic law was to be hanged on a tree"</ref> Dalam naskah-naskah Yunani, kata ''xylon'' (secara harfiah bermakna "potongan kayu") dapat digunakan untuk menyebut setiap objek yang terbuat dari kayu, termasuk dalam konteks yang berbeda-beda, tiang gantungan, batang kayu, patok dan pancang. Karenanya, salib Kristen tradisional dengan palang horisontal juga dapat disebut ''xylon''.<ref>In Liddell and Scott, the meanings of the word "ξύλον" are classified under five headings: :I. wood cut and ready for use, firewood, timber (in these senses the word is usually in the plural); :II. piece of wood, log, beam, post or an object made of wood, such as a spoon, the Trojan horse, a cudgel or club, an instrument of punishment (a collar for someone's neck, stocks to confine his feet or to confine his neck, arms and legs, a gallows to hang him, or a stake to [[impalement|impale]] him), a table, a bench as in the theatre; :III. a tree :IV. a blockhead or a stubborn person; :V. a measure of length. [http://www.perseus.tufts.edu/cgi-bin /ptext?doc=Perseus%3Atext%3A1999.04.0057%3Aentry%3D%23 71752 Liddell and Scott: ξύλον]</ref> [[Pesta Salib Suci]] dirayakan sebagai [[venerasi|penghormatan]] secara khusus terhadap [[Salib Sejati|kayu salib yang digunakan dalam peristiwa penyaliban Yesus]].<ref>{{cite book |author=Fernand Cabrol |chapter-url=http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/04529a.htm |chapter=The True Cross |title=The Catholic Encyclopedia |volume=4 |year=1908 |location=New York |publisher=Robert Appleton Company |via=New Advent}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.armenianchurch-ed.net/feasts/the-holy-cross/about-the-exaltation-of-the-cross/ |title=About the Exaltation of the Cross |publisher=Diocese of the Armenian Church of America (Eastern) |author1=Very Rev. Fr. Krikor Maksoudian |author2=Christopher H. Zakian}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=https://orthodoxwiki.org/Elevation_of_the_Holy_Cross |title=Elevation of the Holy Cross |publisher=OrthodoxWiki}}</ref>