Kerucut piroklastik: Perbedaan antara revisi

'''TanpaRootless akar kerucutcones''', disebutalso jugacalled '''pseudocraters''', adalahare gunungvolcanic berapicones kerucutthat yangare secaranot tidakdirectly langsungassociated berhubunganwith dengana saluranconduit yangthat membawabrought magma keto permukaanthe darisurface suatufrom mendalama reservoirdeep-seated magma reservoir. UmumnyaGenerally, tigathree types jenisof menenturootless kerucutcones, '''littoral kerucutcones''', '''ledakanexplosion kawahcraters''', danand '''hornitos''' diakuiare recognized. Littoral kerucutcones danand ledakanexplosion kawahcraters iniare adalahthe hasilresult dariof ledakanmild ringanexplosions yangthat dihasilkanwere secaragenerated lokallocally olehby interaksithe baikinteraction lavaof panaseither atauhot aliranlava piroklastikor denganpyroclastic airflows with water. Littoral kerucutcones typically form on biasanyathe terbentuksurface padaof permukaana aliranbasaltic lava jugaflow manawhere ituit telahhas masukentered keinto dalama badanbody airof water, biasanyausually a lautsea atauor samudraocean. LedakanExplosion kawahcraters bentukform diwhere manaeither baikhot lava panasor ataupyroclastic aliranflows piroklastikhave tertutupcovered baikeither tanahmarshy berawaground atauor jenuhwater-saturated airground tanahof darisome beberapa macamsort. Hornitos yangare takrootless menentucones kerucutthat yangare terdiricomposed dilas fragmenwelded lava danfragments and were formed on terbentukthe padasurface permukaanof aliranbasaltic lava basaltikflows denganby melarikanthe diriescape dariof gas danand pembekuanclots of molten lava cairthrough melaluicracks celah-celahor atauother bukaanopenings lainnyain padathe kerakcrust dariof alirana lava flow.<ref name="Poldervaart1971a">{{Cite book|title=Volcanic Landforms and Surface Features: A Photographic Atlas and Glossary|last=Poldervaart|first=A|publisher=Springer-Verlag|year=1971|isbn=978364265152-6|location=New York|pages=1–18|chapter=Volcanicity and forms of extrusive bodies|editor-last2=Short|editor-first2=NM}}</ref><ref name="CasOthers1987a">Cas, R.A.F., and J.V. Wright (1987) ''Volcanic Successions: Modern and Ancient,'' 1st ed. </ref><ref name="WentworthOthers1953a">Wentworth, C., and G. MacDonald (1953) [http://pubs.er.usgs.gov/publication/b994 ''Structures and Forms of Basaltic Rocks in Hawaii.''] </ref>