Relativisme budaya: Perbedaan antara revisi
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Menurut ''[[Oxford English Dictionary]]'', istilah ini pertama kali digunakan oleh filsuf dan teoriwan sosial [[Alain Locke]] pada tahun 1924 untuk menjelaskan "relativisme budaya ekstrem" [[Robert Lowie]] yang terdapat di buku Lowie tahun 1917, ''[https://archive.org/details/cultureethnology00lowiiala Culture and Ethnology]''.<ref>"cultural, ''adj.'' and ''n.''", ''OED Online'', Sept 2009, Oxford University Press, http://dictionary.oed.com/cgi/entry/50055630 , citing Locke's article "The Concept of Race as Applied to Social Culture", ''Howard Review'' 1 (1924): pp. 290-299.</ref> Istilah ini mulai lazim di kalangan antropolog setelah Boas meninggal dunia tahun 1942. Para antropolog berusaha menjelaskan sintesis beberapa gagasan yang dikembangkan Boas. Boas percaya bahwa cakupan budaya yang dapat ditemukan di subspesies manapun sangat luas dan menjalar sampai-sampai tidak mungkin ada hubungan antara budaya dan [[ras (pengelompokan manusia)|ras]].<ref>{{cite web|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070613222929/http://www.utpa.edu/faculty/mglazer/Theory/cultural_relativism.htm|title=Cultural Relativism|last=Glazer|first=Mark|location=Texas|publisher=University of Texas-Pan American|date=December 16, 1994|accessdate=June 13, 2007}}</ref> Relativisme budaya meliputi klaim [[epistemologi]] dan metodologi. Para ilmuwan masih memperdebatkan apakah klaim ini memerlukan sudut pandang [[etika]]. Prinsip ini tidak sama dengan [[relativisme moral]].
== Lihat pula ==
* [[Emotivisme]]
* [[Etnosentrisme]]
* [[Emik dan etik]]
* [[Keadilan global]]
* [[Partikularisme sejarah]]
* [[Kompetensi antarbudaya]]
* [[Relativisme moral]]
* [[Relativisme]]
* [[Etika situasional]]
* [[Universalitas (filsafat)]]
* [[Xenosentrisme]]
* [[Hak asasi manusia]]
== Referensi ==
{{Reflist|2}}
== Bacaan lanjutan ==
* Ankerl, Guy. 2000. Global Communication without Universal Civilization. vol.I: Coexisting Contemporary Civilizations: Arabo-Muslim, Bharati, Chinese, and Western. Geneva: INU PRESS, ISBN 2-88155-004-5
* Barzilai, Gad. 2003. Communities and Law: Politics and Cultures of Legal Identities. Ann Arbor: University of Michigan Press.
* Herskovitz, Melville J. 1958 "Some Further Comments on Cultural Relativism" in ''American Anthropologist'' 60(2) 266-273
* Herskovitz, Melville J. 1956 ''Man and His Works''
* Jarvie, I. C. 1995 [http://www.yorku.ca/jarvie/online_publications/CultRel.pdf "Cultural Relativism"] (a critique)
* Mathews, Freya 1994 "[http://www.freyamathews.com/?p=PG&cri=9 Cultural Relativism and Environmental Ethics]" IUCN Ethics Working Group Report No 5, August 1994.
* Murphy, Robert F., 1972 ''Robert Lowie''
* Nissim-Sabat, Charles 1987 "On Clifford Geertz and His 'Anti Anti-Relativism'" in ''American Anthropologist'' 89(4): 935-939
* [[James Rachels|Rachels, James]], 2007, ''The Elements of Moral Philosophy'', McGraw-Hill, ISBN 0-07-282574-X
* [[Roger Sandall|Sandall, Roger]] 2001 ''The Culture Cult: Designer Tribalism and Other Essays'' ISBN 0-8133-3863-8
* Wong, David, 2006, ''Natural Moralities, A Defense of Pluralistic Relativism'', Oxford UP, ISBN 978-0-19-530539-5
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