Hong Kong: Perbedaan antara revisi

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Baris 30:
|publisher=Census and Statistics Department, Hong Kong Government
|accessdate=10 January 2007}}</ref>. Hong Kong terkenal dengan perkembangannya yang ekspansif, pelabuhan laut dalam alami, dan kepadatan penduduk yang sangat tinggi (sekitar 7 juta jiwa pada lahan seluas {{convert|1104|km2|sqmi|abbr=on}}.<ref>{{cite book|last=Ash|first=Russell|authorlink=Russell Ash|title=The Top 10 of Everything 2007|publisher=[[Hamlyn (publishers)|Hamlyn]]
|isbn=0-600-61532-4|page=78|year=2006 }}</ref> Populasi Hong Kong saat ini terdiri dari 93.6% etnis Tionghoa.<ref name="census1">{{Cite report|date=February 2012|title=2011 Population Census – Summary Results|url=http://www.census2011.gov.hk/pdf/summary-results.pdf |publisher=[[Census and Statistics Department (Hong Kong)|Census and Statistics Department]] |accessdate=5 September 2013|format=PDF}}</ref> Sebagian besar dari penduduk Hong Kong yang berbahasa Kanton berasal dari Provinsi [[Guangdong]],<ref name="cicred">{{cite journal|url=http://www.cicred.org/Eng/Publications/pdf/c-c21.pdf|last=Fan Shuh Ching|title=The Population of Hong Kong|work=World Population Year|publisher=[[Cicred|Committee for International Coordination of National Research in Demography]]|year=1974|pages=18–20|accessdate=25 August 2010}}</ref> di mana penduduk dengan keterampilan melarikan diri ketika pemerintah [[komunis]] mengontrol Tiongkok tahun 1949.<ref>Second paragraph reads, "The first wave of refugees came to Hong Kong in the 1930s to escape from the Chinese Civil War and the Sino-Japanese War, but it wasn't until 1949, during the Chinese exodus, when an estimated one million-plus mainland Chinese started coming into the city via the northern borders. Many people, mostly anti-communist Kuomintang officials and capitalists, rushed to Hong Kong in search of refuge." {{cite web | last = | first = |title =A history of refugees in Hong Kong | work = |publisher = Time Out Hong Kong – Know your City | date = 18 June 2013 | url =http://www.timeout.com.hk/feature-stories/features/59040/a-history-of-refugees-in-hong-kong.html | doi = | accessdate =9 September 2013 | archiveurl = | archivedate = }}</ref><ref>Page 16, "The turmoil on the mainland, leading to the defeat of the Nationalists and takeover by the Communists in 1949, unleashed a torrent of refugees – both rich and poor -into Hong Kong."{{cite book|last =|first =|authorlink =|title = Hong Kong: Facts about Hong Kong -History|publisher = [[Lonely Planet]]|series =|volume =|edition =10th|year =2002|location = Hong Kong|page = 16|url =|doi =|id =|isbn =1864502304|mr =|zbl =|jfm = }}</ref><ref>{{cite news |title =Veterans who fled mainland for Hong Kong in 1970s tell their stories |newspaper = [[South China Morning Post]] | location = Hong Kong | pages = | publisher = | url =http://www.scmp.com/news/hong-kong/article/1120852/veterans-who-fled-mainland-hong-kong-1970s-tell-their-stories | accessdate = 9 September 2013}}</ref><ref>{{cite book|last = Carroll|first = John|authorlink =|title =A Concise History of Hong Kong|publisher = Rowman &amp; Littlefield|series =|volume =|edition =|year =2007|location =|page = 127|url =|doi =|id =|isbn =978-0742534223|mr =|zbl =|jfm = }}</ref>
 
Setelah kekalahan Tiongkok di [[Perang Opium Pertama]] (1839–42) dari [[Kerajaan Inggris]], Hong Kong menjadi koloni Inggris dengan diserahkannya [[Pulau Hong Kong]], kemudian diikuti [[Semenanjung Kowloon]] tahun 1860 dan penyewaan 99 tahun [[New Territories]] tahun 1898. Setelah [[Pendudukan Jepang atas Hong Kong|diduduki oleh Jepang]] selama [[Perang Dunia II]] (1941–45), Inggris kembali mengontrol Hongkong hingga 30 Juni 1997. Sebagai hasil dari negosiasi antara Tiongkok dan Inggris, Hong Kong diserahkan ke [[Republik Rakyat Tiongkok]] melalui [[Deklaratasi Bersama Sino-Inggris]] tahun 1984. Kota ini menjadi [[Daerah Administratif Khusus]] pertama di Tiongkok melalui asas "[[Satu Negara Dua Sistem|satu negara, dua sistem]]".<ref name="BasicLawC4S4">{{cite web|url=http://www.basiclaw.gov.hk/en/basiclawtext/chapter_4.html#section_4|title=Basic Law, Chapter IV, Section 4|publisher=Basic Law Promotion Steering Committee|accessdate=10 November 2009}}</ref><ref name="RusellP">{{cite book|last=Russell|first=Peter H.|first2=David M.|last2=O'Brien|title=Judicial Independence in the Age of Democracy: Critical Perspectives from around the World|year=2001|publisher=[[University of Virginia Press]]|isbn=978-0-8139-2016-0|page=306}}</ref>
Baris 171:
 
Hong Kong dikenal karena pusat perdagangan global dan menyebut dirinya sebagai "entertainment hub".<ref name=M&C>{{cite news|url=http://www.monstersandcritics.com/movies/news/article_1281858.php/Hong_Kong_calls_itself_Asia_s_entertainment_hub|title=Hong Kong calls itself Asia's entertainment hub
| publisher=[[Monsters and Critics]]|date=23 March 2007}}</ref> Film-filmnya yang bertema [[seni bela diri]] mendapatkan kepopuleran tinggi di akhir 1960-an dan 1970an. Beberapa pemeran Hollywood, aktor terkenal dan seniman bela diri berasal dari Hong Kong, seperti [[Bruce Lee]], [[Jackie Chan]], [[Chow Yun-fat]], [[Michelle Yeoh]], [[Maggie Cheung]] dan [[Jet Li]]. Beberapa perfilman Hong Kong juga populer di Hollywood, seperti [[John Woo]], [[Wong Kar-wai]], dan [[Stephen Chow]].<ref name=M&C/> Film-film seperti ''[[Chungking Express]]'', ''[[Infernal Affairs]]'', ''[[Shaolin Soccer]]'', ''[[Rumble in the Bronx]]'', ''[[In the Mood for Love]]'' dan ''[[Echoes of the Rainbow]]'' dikenal internasional. Hong Kong adalah pusat musik [[Cantopop]], yang merupakan gabungan berbagai macam [[musik Tiongkok]] dan musik barat.<ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.time.com/time/musicgoesglobal/asia/mcantopop.html |title=Hong Kong music circles the globe with its easy-listening hits and stars |first=Richard |last=Corliss|work=Time|accessdate=4 November 2009 | date=24 September 2001}}</ref>
 
Pemerintah Hong Kong mendukung berbagai institusi budaya seperti [[Museum Sejarah Hong Kong]], [[Museum Seni Hong Kong]], [[The Hong Kong Academy for Performing Arts|Hong Kong Academy for Performing Arts]], dan [[Hong Kong Philharmonic Orchestra]]. [[Departemen Layanan Rekreasi dan Budaya]] mensubsidi dan mensponsori penampil internasional yang datang ke Hong Kong. Banyak kegiatan kebudayaan internasional diselenggarakan oleh pemerintah, konsulat, dan swasta.<ref name="HeritageGovHK">{{cite web|url=http://www.heritagemuseum.gov.hk/english/gen_info.htm|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20041116010450/http://www.heritagemuseum.gov.hk/english/gen_info.htm|archivedate=16 November 2004|title=General Information|date=15 October 2009|publisher=Leisure and Cultural Services Department, Hong Kong Government |accessdate=31 August 2010}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.lcsd.gov.hk/ce/Museum/Arts/english/aboutus/aboutus.html|title=About the Museum|date=25 May 2010|publisher=Leisure and Cultural Services Department, Hong Kong Government |accessdate=31 August 2010}}{{dead link|date=October 2013}}</ref>