Nelson Mandela: Perbedaan antara revisi

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Keduanya dikaruniai dua putra, Madiba "Thembi" Thembekile (1946–1969) dan [[Makgatho Mandela]] (1950–2005), dan dua putri, keduanya bernama [[Makaziwe Mandela]] (known as Maki; lahir 1947 dan 1953). Putri pertama mereka meninggal pada usia sembilan bulan dan mereka memberi nama putri keduanya sama seperti itu sebagai bentuk penghormatan.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.dailymail.co.uk/femail/article-1321130/Nelson-Mandelas-daughter-I-dont-know-father-loves-Sometimes-children-really-loved-parents.html#axzz2JsOrwQu3 |title=Nelson Mandela's daughter: I don't know if my father loves me|author=Sharon Feinstein |date=16 October 2010 |work=Daily Mail |accessdate=3 February 2013 |archivedate=3 February 2013 |archiveurl=http://www.webcitation.org/6EAJmMpWt |deadurl=no}}</ref> Mase meninggal dunia tahun 2004 dan Mandela menghadiri pemakamannya.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.iol.co.za/index.php?from=rss_General&set_id=1&click_id=139&art_id=qw1084030021347B211|title=Madiba bids final farewell to his first wife |date=8 May 2004 |work=[[Independent Online (Afrika Selatan)|Independent Online]]|accessdate=28 October 2008|archivedate=25 February 2013 |archiveurl=http://www.webcitation.org/6Ehkf7cVB |deadurl=no}}</ref> Putra Makgatho, [[Mandla Mandela]], menjadi kepala dewan suku [[Mvezo]] pada tahun 2007.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.reuters.com/article/2007/04/16/us-safrica-mandela-idUSL168565220070416 |title=Mandela's grandson becomes tribal chief, political heir |author=Andrew Quinn |date=16 April 2007 |publisher=Reuters {{Subscription required|via=[[HighBeam Research]]}}|accessdate=3 February 2013}}</ref>
 
Istri kedua Mandela, Winnie Madikizela-Mandela, juga berasal dari Transkei meski mereka juga bertemu di Johannesburg, tempat Winnie menjadi pekerja sosial berkulit hitam pertama di kota itu.<ref name="ANCWinnie">{{cite web|url=http://www.anc.org.za/people/mandela_nw.html|title=Winnie Mandela|publisher=ANC|accessdate=27 October 2008 |archiveurl = http://web.archive.org/web/20080722092427/http://www.anc.org.za/people/mandela_nw.html <!-- Bot retrieved archive --> |archivedate = 22 July 2008}}</ref> Mereka dikaruniai dua putri, Zenani (Zeni), lahir 4 Februari 1958, dan Zindziswa (Zindzi) Mandela-Hlongwane, lahir 1960.<ref name="ANCWinnie"/> Zindzi hanya berusia 18 bulan ketika ayahnya dikirim ke Pulau Robben. Winnie kelak merasa sangat hancur akibat percekcokan keluarga yang menyerupai kekacauan politik negara ini; saat suaminya menjalani hukuman penjara seumur hidup di Pulau Robben, ayahnya menjadi menteri pertanian di Transkei.<ref name="ANCWinnie"/> Pernikahan ini berakhir dengan perpisahan (April 1992) dan perceraian (Maret 1996), diperparah oleh pengasingan politik.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.highbeam.com/doc/1G1-18170308.html|title=Nelson and Winnie Mandela divorce; Winnie fails to win $5&nbsp;million settlement |date=8 April 1996|work=Jet|accessdate=27 October 2008}}</ref> Mandela masih dipenjara ketika putrinya, Zenani, menikah tahun 1973 dengan Pangeran Thumbumuzi Dlamini, saudara Raja [[Mswati III dari Swaziland|Mswati III]] dari Swaziland<ref>{{cite web|url=http://main.wgbh.org/ton/programs/5069_01.html|title=Swaziland prince and princess attend Boston University|date=13 May 1987|publisher=WGBH Boston|accessdate=27 October 2008}}</ref> dan Ratu [[Goodwill Zwelithini kaBhekuzulu#Istri dan anak|Mantfombi]] dari suku Zulu.<ref name="burke">{{cite book |title=[[Burke's Peerage|Burke's Royal Families of the World]], Volume II |publisher=Burke's Peerage Ltd |year=1980 |location=London |pages=217–218, 271, 320|isbn=0-85011-029-7}}</ref> Meski ia punya ingatan jelas tentang ayahnya, sejak usia empat sampai enam belas tahun, otoritas Afrika Selatan melarang ia menjenguknya.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.highbeam.com/doc/1P2-1353217.html|title=Daddy Stayed in Jail. That Was His Job'; Zenani Mandela's Life Without Father |date=8 November 1987 |work=The Washington Post|accessdate=27 October 2008 |archivedate=25 February 2013 |archiveurl=http://www.webcitation.org/6Ehkreaqk |deadurl=no}}</ref> Bulan Juli 2012, Zenani ditunjuk sebagai duta besar untuk Argentina dan menjadi anak Mandela pertama yang memasuki kehidupan publik.<ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-africa-18703172 |title=Mandela daughter Zenani appointed Argentina ambassador |date= 4 July 2012 |publisher=BBC News |accessdate=3 February 2013 |archivedate=3 February 2013 |archiveurl=http://www.webcitation.org/6EALQI3Es |deadurl=no}}</ref>
 
Mandela menikah kembali pada ulang tahunnya ke-80 tahun 1998 dengan [[Graça Machel]] (''née'' Simbine), janda [[Samora Machel]], mantan presiden Mozambik dan sekutu ANC yang tewas dalam kecelakaan pesawat 12 tahun sebelumnya.<ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.cnn.com/WORLD/africa/9807/18/mandela.wedding.02/|title=Mandela gets married on 80th birthday|date=18 July 1998|publisher=CNN|accessdate=27 October 2008 |archiveurl = http://web.archive.org/web/20080614111828/http://www.cnn.com/WORLD/africa/9807/18/mandela.wedding.02/ <!-- Bot retrieved archive --> |archivedate = 14 June 2008}}</ref>
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=== Seni ===
[[Berkas:South Africa-Johannesburg-Nelson Mandela Bridge001.jpg|thumb|250px|Jembatan Nelson Mandela di [[Johannesburg]]]]
Banyak artis yang mempersembahkan lagunya kepada Mandela. Salah satu lagu yang paling terkenal adalah "[[Free Nelson Mandela]]" dari [[The Special AKA]] tahun 1983, yang juga dinyanyikan [[Elvis Costello]] dan sama-sama terkenal. [[Stevie Wonder]] mendedikasikan Piala [[Academy Award for Best Original Song|Oscar]] 1985 untuk lagu "[[I Just Called to Say I Love You]]"-nya kepada Mandela, sampai-sampai musiknya dilarang beredar oleh [[South African Broadcasting Corporation]].<ref name=wonder>{{cite news |url=http://query.nytimes.com/gst/fullpage.html?res=9F00E4DD1438F934A15750C0A963948260 |title=Stevie Wonder Music Banned in South Africa |date=27 March 1985 |work=The New York Times |accessdate=26 May 2008 |archivedate=14 February 2013 |archiveurl=http://www.webcitation.org/6EQZUTA27 |deadurl=no}}</ref> Tahun 1985, album [[Youssou N'Dour]] ''Nelson Mandela'' adalah rilis pertama artis Senegal ini di Amerika Serikat. Artis-artis lain yang merilis lagu atau video sebagai penghormatan untuk Mandela meliputi [[Johnny Clegg]],<ref>{{cite book |last=Drewett |first=Michael |coauthors=Cloonan, Martin |title=Popular Music Censorship in Africa |publisher=Ashgate Publishing |year=2006 |page=30 |isbn=0-7546-5291-2}}</ref> [[Hugh Masekela]],<ref>{{cite book |last=Guernsey |first=Otis L. |coauthors=Sweet, Jeffrey; Kronenberger, Louis |title=The Best Plays |publisher=University of Michigan |date=21 May 2008 |page=347 |isbn=1-55783-040-1}}</ref> [[Brenda Fassie]],<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.guardian.co.uk/news/2004/may/11/guardianobituaries.southafrica |title=Brenda Fassie |author=Liz McGregor |date=10 May 2004 |work=The Guardian |accessdate=3 February 2013 |archivedate=3 February 2013 |archiveurl=http://www.webcitation.org/6EAGDK9il |deadurl=no}}</ref> [[Beyond (band)|Beyond]],<ref name="beyond">{{cite news |last=Lee |first=Carmen |work=Time |title=20 Years Ago Today |url=http://www.time.com/time/magazine/article/0,9171,501030623-458836,00.html |accessdate=27 May 2008 |date=16 June 2003 |archivedate=14 February 2013 |archiveurl=http://www.webcitation.org/6EQZVAldt |deadurl=no}}</ref> [[Nickelback]],<ref>{{cite web|url=http://top40.about.com/od/singles/gr/ifeveryonecared.htm|title=Nickelback – If Everyone Cared|last=Lamb|first=Bill|publisher=About|accessdate=23 December 2008 |archivedate=14 February 2013 |archiveurl=http://www.webcitation.org/6EQZVYfFl |deadurl=no}}</ref> [[Raffi (musisi)|Raffi]],<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.myhero.com/myhero/hero.asp?hero=nelsonMandela |title=Freedom Hero: Nelson Mandela |last=Trussell |first=Jeff |publisher=The My Hero Project |accessdate=23 December 2008 |archivedate=14 February 2013 |archiveurl=http://www.webcitation.org/6EQZVvE31 |deadurl=no}}</ref> dan [[Ampie du Preez]] dan [[AB de Villiers]].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.abdevilliersfan.com/wordpress/about/the-music/ |title=AB de Villiers – The Fan Site |publisher=Abdevilliersfan.com |date=2 August 2010 |accessdate=3 October 2010 |archivedate=14 February 2013 |archiveurl=http://www.webcitation.org/6EQZWJ6wK |deadurl=no}}</ref>
 
=== Film dan televisi ===
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{{Refbegin|40em|indent=yes}}
:{{cite contribution|contribution=Afterword: Living Legend, Living Statue |last=Battersby |first=John |year=2011 |title=Mandela: The Authorised Biography |editor=Anthony Sampson |publisher=HarperCollins |location=London |pages=587–610 |isbn=978-0007437979 |ref=harv}}
:{{cite book|last=Guiloineau |first=Jean |last2=Rowe|first2=Joseph |year=2002 |title= Nelson Mandela: The Early Life of Rolihlahla Mandiba |url=http://books.google.com/books?id=4iKSlwuya1YC&pg=PA9&hl=en#v=onepage&q&f=false |publisher= [[North Atlantic Books]] |location=Berkeley |pages=9–26 |isbn=1-55643-417-0 |ref=harv}}
:{{cite contribution|contribution=The Nature of South African Democracy: Political Dominance and Economic Inequality |last=Herbst |first1=Jeffrey |year=2003 |title=The Making and Unmaking of Democracy: Lessons from History and World Politics |editor=Theodore K. Rabb, Ezra N. Suleiman |publisher=Routledge |location=London |pages=206–224 |isbn=978-0415933810 |ref=harv}}
:{{cite contribution|contribution=The Revelation of African Culture in "Long Walk to Freedom" |last=Mafela |first1= Munzhedzi James|year=2008 |title= Indigenous Biography and Autobiography |editor=Anna Haebich, Frances Peters-Little, Peter Read |publisher=Humanities Research Centre, [[Australian National University]] |location=Sydney |url=http://epress.anu.edu.au/aborig_history/indigenous_biog/mobile_devices/ch08.html#d0e6318 |ref=harv}}
:{{cite contribution|contribution=Democracy and Governance in Transition |last1=Houston |first1=Gregory |last2=Muthien |first2=Yvonne |year=2000 |title=Democracy and Governance Review: Mandela's Legacy 1994–1999 |editor=Yvonne Muthien, Meshack Khosa and Bernard Magubane |publisher=Human Sciences Research Council Press |location=Pretoria |pages=37–68 |isbn=978-0796919700 |ref=harv}}
:{{cite journal |title=The Political Philosophy of Nelson Mandela: A Primer |journal=Journal of Social Philosophy |last=Kalumba |first=Kibujjo M. |year=1995 |volume=26 |issue=3 |pages=161–171 |ref=harv}}
:{{Cite book|last=Mandela |first=Nelson |title=Long Walk to Freedom Volume I: 1918–1962 |year=1994 |publisher=Little, Brown and Company |location= |isbn=978-0754087236 |ref=harv}}
:{{Cite book |last=Mandela |first=Nelson |title=Long Walk to Freedom Volume II: 1962–1994 ''(large print edition)'' |year=2004 |origyear=1994 |publisher=BBC AudioBooks and Time Warner Books Ltd |location=London |isbn=978-0754087243 |ref=harv}}
:{{cite contribution|contribution=Democracy and Governance in Transition |last1=Muthien |first1=Yvonne |last2=Khosa |first2=Meshack |last3=Magubane |first3=Bernard |year=2000 |title=Democracy and Governance Review: Mandela's Legacy 1994–1999 |editor=Yvonne Muthien, Meshack Khosa and Bernard Magubane |publisher=Human Sciences Research Council Press |location=Pretoria |pages=361–374 |isbn=978-0796919700 |ref=harv}}
:{{Cite book|last=Meredith |first=Martin |authorlink=Martin Meredith |title=Mandela: A Biography |publisher=PublicAffairs |location=New York |year=2010 |isbn=978-1586488321 |ref=harv}}
:{{Cite book|last=Sampson |first=Anthony |authorlink=Anthony Sampson |title=Mandela: The Authorised Biography |publisher=HarperCollins |location=London |year=2011 |origyear=1999 |isbn=978-0007437979 |ref=harv}}
:{{Cite book|last=Smith |first=David James |authorlink=David James Smith |title=Young Mandela |publisher=Weidenfeld & Nicolson |location=London |year=2010 |isbn=978-0297855248 |ref=harv}}
{{refend}}