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Baris 5: '''Provinsi di India''', yang sebelumnya '''Kepresidenan di India Britania''' dan sebelumnya lagi, '''Kota kepresidenan''' adalah divisi administratif kegubernuran Britania di anak benua tersebut. Dalam bentuk tersebut atau bentuk lainnya, mereka berdiri antara 1612 dan 1947, secara konvensional dibagi dalam tiga masa sejarah. * Pada 1612–1757, [[Perusahaan Hindia Timur]] membentuk [[Pabrik (pos perdagangan)\|"pabrik-pabrik" (pos perdagangan)]] di beberapa tempat, kebanyakan di pesisir India, dengan konsen para kaisar Moghul atau penguasa lokal. Saingannya adalah perusahaan dagang Benda dan Perancis. Pada pertengahan abad ke-18, tiga "kota kepresidenan": Madras, Bombay, dan Kalkuta diperluas. * Pada [[masa kekuasaan perusahaan di India]], 1757–1858, Perusahaan tersebut mengakuisisi kedahulatan di sebagian besar India, yang sekarang disebut "Kepresidenan". * Setelah [[Pemberontakan India 1857]], sisa-sisa kekuatan perusahaan tersebut dipindahkan ke Mahkota. Di [[Kemaharajaan Britania]] yang baru (1858–1947), kedaulatan dibagi dalam beberapa daerah yang baru, seperti [[Dataran Tinggi Burma]]. Namun, kepresidenan-kepresidenannya diturunkan menjadi "Provinsi".<ref>{{Harvnb\|Imperial Gazetteer of India vol. IV\|1908\|p=5}} Quote: "The history of British India falls ... into three periods. From the beginning of the 17th to the middle of the 18th century, the East India Company is a trading corporation, existing on the sufferance of the native powers, and in rivalry with the merchant companies of Holland and France. During the next century the Company acquires and consolidates its dominion, shares its sovereignty in increasing proportions with the Crown, and gradually loses its mercantile privileges and functions. After the Mutiny of 1857, the remaining powers of the Company are transferred to the Crown ..." (p. 5)</ref> == India Britania == === Empat Divisi Besar India === Empat divisi pemerintahan pada 1851 terdiri dari: * [[Kepresidenan Bengal]] dengan ibukotanya di [[Kalkuta]] * [[Kepresidenan Bombay]] dengan ibukotanya di [[Bombay]] * [[Kepresidenan Madras]] dengan ibukotanya di [[Madras]] * [[Provinsi-Provinsi Barat Laut]] dengan kursi Letnan-Gubernur di [[Agra]] == Kota-kota kepresidenan (1600–1765) == <Center> <Gallery> Baris 29: * [[Kepresidenan Bengal]]: didirikan 1690. == Lihat pula == * [[Kekaisaran Britania di India]] (untuk penggunaan) * [[Kekuasaan Britania di Burma]] Baris 36: * [[Kekaisaran Mughal]] == Catatan == {{reflist\|2}} == Referensi == * ''The Imperial Gazetteer of India'' (26 vol, 1908–31), highly detailed description of all of India in 1901. [http://dsal.uchicago.edu/reference/gazetteer/ online edition] * {{Citation\|last=Imperial Gazetteer of India vol. II\|title=The Indian Empire, Historical\|publisher=Published under the authority of His Majesty's [[India Office\|Secretary of State for India in Council]], Oxford at the Clarendon Press. Pp. xxxv, 1 map, 573\|year=1908}} * {{Citation\|last=Imperial Gazetteer of India vol. III\|title=The Indian Empire, Economic (Chapter X: Famine, pp. 475–502)\|publisher=Published under the authority of His Majesty's Secretary of State for India in Council, Oxford at the Clarendon Press. Pp. xxxvi, 1 map, 520\|year=1908}} * {{Citation\|last=Imperial Gazetteer of India vol. IV\|title=The Indian Empire, Administrative\|publisher=Published under the authority of His Majesty's Secretary of State for India in Council, Oxford at the Clarendon Press. Pp. xxx, 1 map, 552\|year=1908}} == Bacaan tambahan == * {{Cite book\| last=Bandyopadhyay\| first=Sekhar\| year=2004\| title=From Plassey to Partition: A History of Modern India\| place=\| publisher=New Delhi and London: Orient Longmans. Pp. xx, 548.\| isbn=81-250-2596-0}} * {{Cite book\| last=Brown\| first=Judith M.\| year=1994\| title=Modern India: The Origins of an Asian Democracy\| place=\| publisher=Oxford and New York: [[Oxford University Press]]. Pp. xiii, 474\| isbn=0-19-873113-2}} Baris 66: * [http://www.chaf.lib.latrobe.edu.au/dcd/default.htm Digital Colonial Documents (India) Homepage] at latrobe.edu.au * [http://www.worldstatesmen.org/India_BrProvinces.htm Provinces of British India] at worldstatesmen.org * Collection of early 20th century photographs of the cities of Bombay, Calcutta, and Madras with other interesting Indian locations from the magazine, ''India Illustrated'', at the [http://digital.lib.uh.edu/cdm4/browse.php?CISOROOT=%2Fp15195coll29 University of Houston Digital Library ] * [http://coinindia.com/index-british.html Coins of British India]

Kepresidenan dan provinsi di India Britania: Perbedaan antara revisi