Hidung Yahudi

Hidung Yahudi adalah sebuah stereotip etnis dan ras^[1] yang mengacu kepada hidung bengkok raksasa^[2] yang dikatakan sebagai ciri khas orang Yahudi Eropa.^[3]^[4] Meskipun hidung semacam ini sebenarnya juga dapat ditemui pada orang Eropa dan tidak semua orang Yahudi memiliki hidung seperti ini,^[5]^[6]^[7] orang Yahudi terus menerus digambarkan seperti ini dalam berbagai karikatur.

Sejarah sunting

Pakar sejarah seni Sarah Lipton menilik kembali penggambaran hidung raksasa Yahudi ke abad ke-13.^[8] Sebelumnya, orang Yahudi tidak digambarkan secara khusus dalam seni dan ikonografi. Namun, sejak akhir abad ke-13, realisme dalam bidang seni dan meningkatnya ketertarikan terhadap fisiognomi mendorong para seniman untuk menunjukkan ciri khas etnis. Untuk orang Yahudi, ciri khas yang diberikan adalah wajah yang naturalistik dengan hidung yang besar dan menonjol, sehingga terlahirlah karikatur orang Yahudi berhidung besar.

Referensi sunting

^ Schrenk, Bernice (2007), "'Cutting Off Your Nose to Spite Your Race': Jewish Stereotypes, Media Images, Cultural Hybridity", Shofar: An Interdisciplinary Journal of Jewish Studies, 25 (4): 18, doi:10.1353/sho.2007.0121 .
^ Patai, Raphael (1989), The Myth of the Jewish Race, Wayne University Press, hlm. 208, ISBN 978-0-8143-1948-2 .
^ Preminger, Beth (2001), "The "Jewish Nose" and Plastic Surgery: Origins and Implications", Journal of the American Medical Association, 286 (17): 2161, doi:10.1001/jama.286.17.2161-JMS1107-5-1 .
^ Jacobs, Joseph; Fishberg, Maurice (1906), "Nose", Jewish Encyclopedia .
^ Helmreich, William B (1982), The Things They Say Behind Your Back: Stereotypes and the Myths Behind Them, Transaction Publishers, hlm. 36–37, ISBN 978-1-4128-3933-4 .
^ Holden, Harold Miller (1950), Noses, World Publishing Company, hlm. 69, A considerable study has been made on the 'Jewish' nose. It has been found that this nose is far less prevalent among Jews than popularly supposed. Furthermore, it is most prevalent among Jews when it is also prevalent among the general population, as among Mediterranean or Bavarian people.
^ Silbiger, Steve (2000), The Jewish Phenomenon: Seven Keys to the Enduring Wealth of a People, Longstreet Press, hlm. 13, ISBN 978-1-56352-566-7, Sociologists have shown that the 'Jewish nose' is no more common to Jews than to Mediterranean people.
^ Lipton, Sara (14 November 2014). "The Invention of the Jewish Nose". The New York Review of Books. Diakses tanggal 2016-05-29.

[1] Schrenk, Bernice (2007), "'Cutting Off Your Nose to Spite Your Race': Jewish Stereotypes, Media Images, Cultural Hybridity", Shofar: An Interdisciplinary Journal of Jewish Studies, 25 (4): 18, doi:10.1353/sho.2007.0121 .

[Patai-2] Patai, Raphael (1989), The Myth of the Jewish Race, Wayne University Press, hlm. 208, ISBN 978-0-8143-1948-2 .

[prem-3] Preminger, Beth (2001), "The "Jewish Nose" and Plastic Surgery: Origins and Implications", Journal of the American Medical Association, 286 (17): 2161, doi:10.1001/jama.286.17.2161-JMS1107-5-1 .

[JE-4] Jacobs, Joseph; Fishberg, Maurice (1906), "Nose", Jewish Encyclopedia .

[5] Helmreich, William B (1982), The Things They Say Behind Your Back: Stereotypes and the Myths Behind Them, Transaction Publishers, hlm. 36–37, ISBN 978-1-4128-3933-4 .

[6] Holden, Harold Miller (1950), Noses, World Publishing Company, hlm. 69, A considerable study has been made on the 'Jewish' nose. It has been found that this nose is far less prevalent among Jews than popularly supposed. Furthermore, it is most prevalent among Jews when it is also prevalent among the general population, as among Mediterranean or Bavarian people.

[7] Silbiger, Steve (2000), The Jewish Phenomenon: Seven Keys to the Enduring Wealth of a People, Longstreet Press, hlm. 13, ISBN 978-1-56352-566-7, Sociologists have shown that the 'Jewish nose' is no more common to Jews than to Mediterranean people.

[Lipton-8] Lipton, Sara (14 November 2014). "The Invention of the Jewish Nose". The New York Review of Books. Diakses tanggal 2016-05-29.

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