Frederick Russell Burnham

Frederick Russell Burnham
Frederick Russell Burnham
	Mayor Burnham dengan seragam Tentara Britania-nya pada 1901
Julukan	Raja Kepanduan; Ia yang melihat dalam kegelapan;
Lahir	11 Mei 1861; Tivoli, Minnesota (teritorial India Sioux; dekat Mankato, Minnesota)
Meninggal	1 September 1947 (umur 86); Santa Barbara, California
Dikebumikan	Three Rivers, California; (36°25′18″N 118°54′17″W / 36.42180°N 118.90470°W)
Pengabdian	warga A.S.; kepanduan untuk Perusahaan Afrika Selatan Britania dan Tentara Britania di Afrika bagian selatan
Lama dinas	1893–97; 1900–01;
Pangkat	Mayor
Komandan	Ketua Kepanduan dibawah Lord Roberts
Perang/pertempuran	Perang Lembah Pleasant; Perang Indian Amerika; – Perang Apache; – Kampanye Geronimo; Perang Matabele Pertama; – Patroli Shangani; Perang Matabele Kedua; Perang Boer Kedua;
Penghargaan	Distinguished Service Order; Queen's South Africa Medal; Medali Perusahaan Afrika Selatan Britania; Boy Scouts Penghargaan Silver Buffalo;
Pasangan	Blanche Blick (m. 1884–1939; kematiannya); Ilo Willits (m. 1943–47; kematiannya);
Hubungan	Rev. Edwin Burnham (ayah); Howard Burnham (saudara); Charles Edward Russell (sepupu pertama); Russell Adam Burnham (cicit);
Pekerjaan lain	Kurir, penjelajah India, penambang emas, oil man, penerbang AS, Bapak gerakan Kepanduan internasional, Penghargaan Desan Presiden Roosevelt (Arizona) Boy Scouts of America

Frederick Russell Burnham DSO (11 Mei 1861 – 1 September 1947) adalah seorang tokoh kepanduan dan penjelajah dunia Amerika. Ia dikenal untuk jasanya di Perusahaan Afrika Selatan Britania, kemudian Tentara Britania di kolonial Afrika, dan untuk pengajaran kerajinan kayu kepada Robert Baden-Powell, menjadi salah satu inspirasi pembangunan Gerakan Kepanduan internasional.

Kehidupan awal

Burnham di Teritorial Arizona pada tahun 1881

Burnham lahir pada tanggal 11 Mei 1861 di reservasi Indian Sioux di Minnesota, dari keluarga misionaris yang tinggal dekat kota perintis kecil Tivoli (sekarang tidak ada), sekitar 20 mil (32 km) dari Mankato.^[5]

Daftar pustaka

— (1926). Scouting on Two Continents. Garden City, New York: Doubleday. ISBN 978-1-879356-31-3.
— (1927). "The Remarks of Major Frederick R. Burnham". Historical Society of Southern California. 13 (4): 334–352. doi:10.2307/41168823.
—; Banning, William; Banning, George Hugh (1930). "Foreword". Six Horses. New York: Century. OCLC 1744707.
— (1930). "The howl for cheap Mexican labor". Dalam Grant, Madison; Charles Stewart, Davison. The Alien in Our Midst; Or, "Selling Our Birthright for a Mess of Pottage"; the Written Views of a Number of Americans (Present and Former) on Immigration and Its Results. New York: Galton Publishing. hlm. 44–48. OCLC 3040493.
— (1931). "Scouting Against the Apache". Dalam West, James E. The Boy Scout's Book of True Adventure: their own story of famous exploits and adventures told by honorary scouts. New York: Putman. OCLC 8484128.
— (1933). "Taps for the Great Selous". Dalam Grinnell, George Bird; Roosevelt, Kermit; Cross, W. Redmond; Gray, Prentiss N. Hunting Trails on Three Continents; a Book of the Boone and Crockett Club. New York: The Derrydale Press. OCLC 1624738.
— (July 1938). "Madison Grant (Eulogy)". Boone and Crockett Club. Boone and Crockett Club: 29–31. ISSN 1048-3586.
— (1944). Taking Chances. Los Angeles, California: Haynes. ISBN 978-1-879356-32-0.
— (November 1945). "The Fire that shall Never Die". Boy's Life. Boy Scouts of America: 7, 35. ISSN 0006-8608.

Catatan

Catatan kaki

Catatan kutipan

^ Davis 1906, hlm. 192.
^ West 1932, hlm. 49.
^ Illustrated London News 1902, hlm. 44.
^ The Times 1926, hlm. 10.
^ Burnham 1926, hlm. 1–2.

Davis, Richard Harding (1906). Real Soldiers of Fortune. New York: Charles Scribner's Sons. ISBN 0-87364-239-2.

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Southern Africa Committee (1973). "Film". Southern Africa. New York: Southern Africa Committee. 6. ISSN 0038-3775. OCLC 1781212.
"Silver Buffalo Award Winners 1939–1930". Boy Scouts of America. 2012. Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal 2012-09-28. Diakses tanggal June 23, 2013.
"Southern California by Towns and Counties: Fred Burnham now a Major in British Army; Recovering from His Injuries". Los Angeles Times. Los Angeles: Times-Mirror Co. August 4, 1900. ISSN 0458-3035.
"Railway And Other Companies: Northern Territories (B.S.A.) Exploring Company Limited". The Times (35824). London: R. Nutkins. 1899. ISSN 0140-0460.
"Roosevelt's Army Has Not Lost Hope; Colonel's Aids from All over the Country Meet and Leave the Future in His Hands" (PDF). New York Times. May 20, 1917. ISSN 0362-4331. Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal 2016-03-05. Diakses tanggal 2014-04-10.
"Scouting History". 1st Lacock Scout Group. 2013. Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal 2014-04-13. Diakses tanggal July 21, 2013.
"Will Not Send Roosevelt; Wilson Not to Avail Himself of Volunteer Authority at Present". New York Times. May 19, 1917. ISSN 0362-4331.
"A Young South African". The Los Angeles Times. June 6, 1896. ISSN 0458-3035.

Pranala luar

Cari tahu mengenai Frederick Russell Burnham pada proyek-proyek Wikimedia lainnya:
	Gambar dan media dari Commons
	Kutipan dari Wikiquote
	Teks sumber dari Wikisource
	Entri basisdata #Q458036 di Wikidata

Major Burnham on Pine Tree Web Scouting site Diarsipkan 2006-05-09 di Wayback Machine.
Frederick Howard Russell Burnham (great grand nephew) Diarsipkan 2023-06-03 di Wayback Machine.
Burnham Footage of Southern and Eastern Africa Diarsipkan 2007-11-07 di Wayback Machine., 35 min. silent b&w video. Footage shot in South Africa, Rhodesia and eastern Africa during a family trip. Smithsonian Institution archives. call# 85.4.1; AF-85.4.1 (1929)
Frederick Russell Burnham Papers. Manuscripts and Archives, Yale University. A large collection of Burnham's documents: Correspondence, 1864–1947. Subject Files, 1890–1947. Writings, 1893–1946. Personal and Family Papers, 1879–1951. Photographs, ca. 1893–1924.
Frederick Russell Burnham Papers, 1879–1979, Hoover Institution Library and Archives, Stanford University. Diarsipkan 2022-04-20 di Wayback Machine. Another large collection of Burnham's documents: Correspondence, speeches and writings, clippings, other printed matter, photographs, and memorabilia, relating to the Matabele Wars of 1893 and 1896 in Rhodesia, the Second Boer War, exploration expeditions in Africa, and gold mining in Alaska during the Klondike gold rush.
Major Wilson's Last Stand di IMDb (dalam bahasa Inggris)
Shangani Patrol di IMDb (dalam bahasa Inggris)

[FOOTNOTEDavis1906192-1] Davis 1906, hlm. 192.

[FOOTNOTEWest193249-2] West 1932, hlm. 49.

[FOOTNOTEIllustrated_London_News190244-3] Illustrated London News 1902, hlm. 44.

[FOOTNOTEThe_Times192610-4] The Times 1926, hlm. 10.

[FOOTNOTEBurnham19261–2-5] Burnham 1926, hlm. 1–2.

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Frederick Russell Burnham
Mayor Burnham dengan seragam Tentara Britania-nya pada 1901
Julukan	Raja Kepanduan^[1] Ia yang melihat dalam kegelapan^[2]
Lahir	(1861-05-11)11 Mei 1861 Tivoli, Minnesota (teritorial India Sioux; dekat Mankato, Minnesota)
Meninggal	1 September 1947(1947-09-01) (umur 86) Santa Barbara, California
Dikebumikan	Three Rivers, California (36°25′18″N 118°54′17″W / 36.42180°N 118.90470°W / 36.42180; -118.90470)
Pengabdian	warga A.S.; kepanduan untuk Perusahaan Afrika Selatan Britania dan Tentara Britania di Afrika bagian selatan
Lama dinas	1893–97 1900–01
Pangkat	Mayor ^[3]^[4]
Komandan	Ketua Kepanduan dibawah Lord Roberts
Perang/pertempuran	Perang Lembah Pleasant Perang Indian Amerika – Perang Apache – Kampanye Geronimo Perang Matabele Pertama – Patroli Shangani Perang Matabele Kedua Perang Boer Kedua
Penghargaan	Distinguished Service Order Queen's South Africa Medal Medali Perusahaan Afrika Selatan Britania Boy Scouts Penghargaan Silver Buffalo
Pasangan	Blanche Blick (m. 1884–1939; kematiannya) Ilo Willits (m. 1943–47; kematiannya)
Hubungan	Rev. Edwin Burnham (ayah) Howard Burnham (saudara) Charles Edward Russell (sepupu pertama) Russell Adam Burnham (cicit)
Pekerjaan lain	Kurir, penjelajah India, penambang emas, oil man, penerbang AS, Bapak gerakan Kepanduan internasional, Penghargaan Desan Presiden Roosevelt (Arizona) Boy Scouts of America