Daftar orang Afrika-Amerika dalam Dewan Perwakilan Amerika Serikat

Generasi pertama anggota DPR Afrika-Amerika, 1870–1887 sunting

Perwakilan		Ref.
	Joseph Rainey (1832–1887)	^[1]
	Jefferson F. Long (1836–1901)	^[2]
	Robert C. De Large (1842–1874)	^[3]
	Robert B. Elliott (1842–1884)	^[4]
	Benjamin S. Turner (1825–1894)	^[5]
	Josiah T. Walls (1842–1905)	^[6]
	Richard H. Cain (1825–1887)	^[7]
	John R. Lynch (1847–1939)	^[8]
	Alonzo J. Ransier (1834–1882)	^[9]
	James T. Rapier (1837–1883)	^[10]
	Jeremiah Haralson (1846–1916)	^[11]
	John Adams Hyman (1840–1891)	^[12]
	Charles E. Nash (1844–1913)	^[13]
	Robert Smalls (1839–1915)	^[14]
	James E. O'Hara (1844–1905)	^[15]

Generasi kedua anggota DPR Afrika-Amerika, 1889–1901 sunting

Perwakilan		Ref.
	Henry P. Cheatham (1857–1935)	^[16]
	John Mercer Langston (1829–1897)	^[17]
	Thomas E. Miller (1849–1938)	^[18]
	George W. Murray (1853–1926)	^[19]
	George Henry White (1852–1918)	^[20]

Generasi ketiga anggota DPR Afrika-Amerika, 1929–1970 sunting

Perwakilan		Ref.
	Oscar Stanton De Priest (1871–1951)	^[21]
	Arthur W. Mitchell (1883–1968)	^[22]
	William L. Dawson (1886–1970)	^[23]
	Adam Clayton Powell Jr. (1908–1972)	^[24]
	Charles Diggs (1922–1998)	^[25]
	Robert N. C. Nix Sr. (1898–1987)	^[26]
	Augustus F. Hawkins (1907–2007)	^[27]
	John Conyers	^[28]
	Shirley Chisholm	^[29]
	Bill Clay	^[30]
	Louis Stokes	^[31]
	George W. Collins	^[32]

Generasi keempat anggota DPR Afrika-Amerika, 1971–sekarang sunting

Perwakilan		Ref.
	Ron Dellums	^[33]
	Ralph Metcalfe	^[34]
	Parren Mitchell	^[35]
	Charles Rangel	^[36]
	Yvonne Brathwaite Burke	^[37]
	Barbara Jordan	^[38]
	Andrew Young	^[39]
	Cardiss Collins	^[40]
	Harold Ford Sr.	^[41]
	Julian Dixon	^[42]
	William H. Gray III	^[43]
	Mickey Leland	^[44]
	Bennett Stewart	^[45]
	George Crockett Jr.	^[46]
	Mervyn Dymally	^[47]
	Gus Savage	^[48]
	Harold Washington	^[49]
	Katie Hall	^[50]
	Major Owens	^[51]
	Edolphus Towns	^[52]
	Alan Wheat	^[53]
	Charles Hayes	^[54]
	Alton Waldon	^[55]
	Mike Espy	^[56]
	Floyd Flake	^[57]
	John Lewis	^[58]
	Kweisi Mfume	^[59]
	Donald M. Payne	^[60]
	Craig Washington	^[61]
	Barbara-Rose Collins	^[62]
	Gary Franks	^[63]
	William J. Jefferson	^[64]
	Maxine Waters	^[65]
	Lucien Blackwell	^[66]
	Eva Clayton	^[67]
	Sanford Bishop	^[68]
	Corrine Brown	^[69]
	Jim Clyburn	^[70]
	Cleo Fields	^[71]
	Alcee Hastings	^[72]
	Earl Hilliard	^[73]
	Eddie Bernice Johnson	^[74]
	Cynthia McKinney	^[75]
	Carrie Meek	^[76]
	Mel Reynolds	^[77]
	Bobby Rush	^[78]
	Bobby Scott	^[79]
	Walter R. Tucker III	^[80]
	Mel Watt	^[81]
	Albert Wynn	^[82]
	Bennie Thompson	^[83]
	Chaka Fattah	^[84]
	Sheila Jackson Lee	^[85]
	J. C. Watts	^[86]
	Jesse Jackson Jr.	^[87]
	Juanita Millender-McDonald	^[88]
	Elijah Cummings	^[89]
	Julia Carson	^[90]
	Danny K. Davis	^[91]
	Harold Ford Jr.	^[92]
	Carolyn Cheeks Kilpatrick	^[93]
	Gregory Meeks	^[94]
	Barbara Lee	^[95]
	Stephanie Tubbs Jones	^[96]
	Lacy Clay	^[97]
	Diane Watson	^[98]
	Frank Ballance	^[99]
	Artur Davis	^[100]
	Denise Majette	^[101]
	Kendrick Meek	^[102]
	David Scott	^[103]
	G. K. Butterfield	^[104]
	Emanuel Cleaver	^[105]
	Al Green	^[106]
	Gwen Moore	^[107]
	Yvette Clarke	^[108]
	Keith Ellison	^[109]
	Hank Johnson	^[110]
	Laura Richardson	^[111]
	André Carson	^[112]
	Donna Edwards	^[113]
	Marcia Fudge	^[114]
	Karen Bass	^[115]
	Hansen Clarke	^[116]
	Cedric Richmond	^[117]
	Tim Scott	^[118]
	Terri Sewell	^[119]
	Allen West	^[120]
	Frederica Wilson	^[121]
	Donald Payne Jr.	^[122]
	Joyce Beatty	^[123]
	Steven Horsford	^[124]
	Hakeem Jeffries	^[125]
	Marc Veasey	^[126]
	Robin Kelly	^[127]
	Alma Adams	^[128]
	Bonnie Watson Coleman	^[129]
	Will Hurd	^[130]
	Brenda Lawrence	^[131]
	Mia Love	^[132]
	Dwight Evans	^[133]
	Anthony G. Brown	^[134]
	Val Demings	^[135]
	Al Lawson	^[136]
	Donald McEachin	^[137]
	Lisa Blunt Rochester	^[138]
	Brenda Jones	^[139]
	Colin Allred	^[140]
	Antonio Delgado	^[141]
	Jahana Hayes	^[142]
	Lucy McBath	^[143]
	Joe Neguse	^[144]^[145]
	Ilhan Omar	^[146]
	Ayanna Pressley	^[147]
	Lauren Underwood	^[148]

Delegasi DPR (anggota non-voting) sunting

Delegasi		Ref.
	Walter E. Fauntroy	^[149]
	Melvin H. Evans	^[150]
	Eleanor Holmes Norton	^[151]
	Victor O. Frazer	^[152]
	Donna Christian-Christensen	^[153]
	Stacey Plaskett	^[154]

Orang Afrika Amerika yang terpilih pada Dewan Perwakilan, namun tak meraih kursi sunting

Perwakilan-terpilih		Ref.
	John Willis Menard	^[155]
	P. B. S. Pinchback	^[156]

Catatan sunting

Referensi sunting

^ "Rainey, Joseph Hayne, (1832 - 1887)". Biographical Directory of the United States Congress. United States Congress. Diakses tanggal July 16, 2013.
^ "Long, Jefferson Franklin, (1836 - 1901)". Biographical Directory of the United States Congress. United States Congress. Diakses tanggal July 16, 2013.
^ "De Large, Robert Carlos, (1842 - 1874)". Biographical Directory of the United States Congress. United States Congress. Diakses tanggal July 16, 2013.
^ "Elliott, Robert Brown, (1842 - 1884)". Biographical Directory of the United States Congress. United States Congress. Diakses tanggal July 16, 2013.
^ "Turner, Benjamin Sterling, (1825 - 1894)". Biographical Directory of the United States Congress. United States Congress. Diakses tanggal July 16, 2013.
^ "Walls, Josiah Thomas, (1842 - 1905)". Biographical Directory of the United States Congress. United States Congress. Diakses tanggal July 16, 2013.
^ "Cain, Richard Harvey, (1825 - 1887)". Biographical Directory of the United States Congress. United States Congress. Diakses tanggal July 16, 2013.
^ "Lynch, John Roy, (1847 - 1939)". Biographical Directory of the United States Congress. United States Congress. Diakses tanggal July 16, 2013.
^ "Ransier, Alonzo Jacob, (1834 - 1882)". Biographical Directory of the United States Congress. United States Congress. Diakses tanggal July 16, 2013.
^ "Rapier, James Thomas, (1837 - 1883)". Biographical Directory of the United States Congress. United States Congress. Diakses tanggal July 16, 2013.
^ "Haralson, Jeremiah, (1846 - 1916)". Biographical Directory of the United States Congress. United States Congress. Diakses tanggal July 16, 2013.
^ "Hyman, John Adams, (1840 - 1891)". Biographical Directory of the United States Congress. United States Congress. Diakses tanggal July 16, 2013.
^ "Nash, Charles Edmund, (1844 - 1913)". Biographical Directory of the United States Congress. United States Congress. Diakses tanggal July 16, 2013.
^ "Smalls, Robert, (1839 - 1915)". Biographical Directory of the United States Congress. United States Congress. Diakses tanggal July 16, 2013.
^ "O'Hara, James Edward, (1844 - 1905)". Biographical Directory of the United States Congress. United States Congress. Diakses tanggal July 16, 2013.
^ "Cheatham, Henry Plummer, (1857 - 1935)". Biographical Directory of the United States Congress. United States Congress. Diakses tanggal July 16, 2013.
^ "Langston, John Mercer, (1829 - 1897)". Biographical Directory of the United States Congress. United States Congress. Diakses tanggal July 16, 2013.
^ "Miller, Thomas Ezekiel, (1849 - 1938)". Biographical Directory of the United States Congress. United States Congress. Diakses tanggal July 16, 2013.
^ "Murray, George Washington, (1853 - 1926)". Biographical Directory of the United States Congress. United States Congress. Diakses tanggal July 16, 2013.
^ "White, George Henry, (1852 - 1918)". Biographical Directory of the United States Congress. United States Congress. Diakses tanggal July 16, 2013.
^ "De Priest, Oscar Stanton, (1871 - 1951)". Biographical Directory of the United States Congress. United States Congress. Diakses tanggal July 16, 2013.
^ "Mitchell, Arthur Wergs, (1883 - 1968)". Biographical Directory of the United States Congress. United States Congress. Diakses tanggal July 16, 2013.
^ "Dawson, William Levi, (1886 - 1970)". Biographical Directory of the United States Congress. United States Congress. Diakses tanggal July 16, 2013.
^ "Powell, Adam Clayton, Jr., (1908 - 1972)". Biographical Directory of the United States Congress. United States Congress. Diakses tanggal July 16, 2013.
^ "Diggs, Charles Coles, Jr., (1922 - 1998)". Biographical Directory of the United States Congress. United States Congress. Diakses tanggal July 16, 2013.
^ "Nix, Robert Nelson Cornelius, Sr., (1898 - 1987)". Biographical Directory of the United States Congress. United States Congress. Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal 2010-12-05. Diakses tanggal July 16, 2013.
^ "Hawkins, Augustus Freeman (Gus), (1907 - 2007)". Biographical Directory of the United States Congress. United States Congress. Diakses tanggal July 16, 2013.
^ "Conyers, John, Jr., (1929 - )". Biographical Directory of the United States Congress. United States Congress. Diakses tanggal July 16, 2013.
^ "Chisholm, Shirley Anita, (1924 - 2005)". Biographical Directory of the United States Congress. United States Congress. Diakses tanggal July 16, 2013.
^ "Clay, William Lacy, Sr., (1931 - )". Biographical Directory of the United States Congress. United States Congress. Diakses tanggal July 16, 2013.
^ "Stokes, Louis, (1925 - 2015)". Biographical Directory of the United States Congress. United States Congress. Diakses tanggal July 16, 2013.
^ "Collins, George Washington, (1925 - 1972)". Biographical Directory of the United States Congress. United States Congress. Diakses tanggal July 16, 2013.
^ "Dellums, Ronald V., (1935 - )". Biographical Directory of the United States Congress. United States Congress. Diakses tanggal July 16, 2013.
^ "Metcalfe, Ralph Harold, (1910 - 1978)". Biographical Directory of the United States Congress. United States Congress. Diakses tanggal July 16, 2013.
^ "Mitchell, Parren James, (1922 - 2007)". Biographical Directory of the United States Congress. United States Congress. Diakses tanggal July 16, 2013.
^ "Rangel, Charles B., (1930 - )". Biographical Directory of the United States Congress. United States Congress. Diakses tanggal July 16, 2013.
^ "Burke, Yvonne Brathwaite, (1932 - )". Biographical Directory of the United States Congress. United States Congress. Diakses tanggal July 16, 2013.
^ "Jordan, Barbara Charline, (1936 - 1996)". Biographical Directory of the United States Congress. United States Congress. Diakses tanggal July 16, 2013.
^ "Young, Andrew Jackson, Jr., (1932 - )". Biographical Directory of the United States Congress. United States Congress. Diakses tanggal July 16, 2013.
^ "Collins, Cardiss, (1931 - 2013)". Biographical Directory of the United States Congress. United States Congress. Diakses tanggal July 16, 2013.
^ "Ford, Harold Eugene, (1945 - )". Biographical Directory of the United States Congress. United States Congress. Diakses tanggal July 16, 2013.
^ "Dixon, Julian Carey, (1934 - 2000)". Biographical Directory of the United States Congress. United States Congress. Diakses tanggal July 16, 2013.
^ "Gray, William Herbert, III, (1941 - 2013)". Biographical Directory of the United States Congress. United States Congress. Diakses tanggal July 16, 2013.
^ "Leland, George Thomas (Mickey), (1944 - 1989)". Biographical Directory of the United States Congress. United States Congress. Diakses tanggal July 16, 2013.
^ "Stewart, Bennett McVey, (1912 - 1988)". Biographical Directory of the United States Congress. United States Congress. Diakses tanggal July 16, 2013.
^ "Crockett, George William, Jr., (1909 - 1997)". Biographical Directory of the United States Congress. United States Congress. Diakses tanggal July 16, 2013.
^ "Dymally, Mervyn Malcolm, (1926 - 2012)". Biographical Directory of the United States Congress. United States Congress. Diakses tanggal July 16, 2013.
^ "Savage, Gus, (1925 - 2015)". Biographical Directory of the United States Congress. United States Congress. Diakses tanggal July 16, 2013.
^ "Washington, Harold, (1922 - 1987)". Biographical Directory of the United States Congress. United States Congress. Diakses tanggal July 16, 2013.
^ "Hall, Katie Beatrice, (1938 - 2012)". Biographical Directory of the United States Congress. United States Congress. Diakses tanggal July 16, 2013.
^ "Owens, Major Robert Odell, (1936 - 2013)". Biographical Directory of the United States Congress. United States Congress. Diakses tanggal July 16, 2013.
^ "Towns, Edolphus, (1934 - )". Biographical Directory of the United States Congress. United States Congress. Diakses tanggal July 16, 2013.
^ "Wheat, Alan Dupree, (1951 - )". Biographical Directory of the United States Congress. United States Congress. Diakses tanggal July 16, 2013.
^ "Hayes, Charles Arthur, (1918 - 1997)". Biographical Directory of the United States Congress. United States Congress. Diakses tanggal July 16, 2013.
^ "Waldon, Alton R., Jr., (1936 - )". Biographical Directory of the United States Congress. United States Congress. Diakses tanggal July 16, 2013.
^ "Espy, Alphonso Michael (Mike), (1953 - )". Biographical Directory of the United States Congress. United States Congress. Diakses tanggal July 16, 2013.
^ "Flake, Floyd Harold, (1945 - )". Biographical Directory of the United States Congress. United States Congress. Diakses tanggal July 16, 2013.
^ "Lewis, John R., (1940 - )". Biographical Directory of the United States Congress. United States Congress. Diakses tanggal July 16, 2013.
^ "Mfume, Kweisi, (1948 - )". Biographical Directory of the United States Congress. United States Congress. Diakses tanggal July 16, 2013.
^ "Payne, Donald Milford, (1934 - 2012)". Biographical Directory of the United States Congress. United States Congress. Diakses tanggal July 16, 2013.
^ "Washington, Craig Anthony, (1941 - )". Biographical Directory of the United States Congress. United States Congress. Diakses tanggal July 16, 2013.
^ "Collins, Barbara-Rose, (1939 - )". Biographical Directory of the United States Congress. United States Congress. Diakses tanggal July 16, 2013.
^ "Franks, Gary A., (1953 - )". Biographical Directory of the United States Congress. United States Congress. Diakses tanggal July 16, 2013.
^ "Jefferson, William Jennings, (1947 - )". Biographical Directory of the United States Congress. United States Congress. Diakses tanggal July 16, 2013.
^ "Waters, Maxine, (1938 - )". Biographical Directory of the United States Congress. United States Congress. Diakses tanggal July 16, 2013.
^ "Blackwell, Lucien Edward, (1931 - 2003)". Biographical Directory of the United States Congress. United States Congress. Diakses tanggal July 16, 2013.
^ "Clayton, Eva M., (1934 - )". Biographical Directory of the United States Congress. United States Congress. Diakses tanggal July 16, 2013.
^ "Bishop, Sanford Dixon, Jr., (1947 - )". Biographical Directory of the United States Congress. United States Congress. Diakses tanggal July 16, 2013.
^ "Brown, Corrine, (1946 - )". Biographical Directory of the United States Congress. United States Congress. Diakses tanggal July 16, 2013.
^ "Clyburn, James Enos, (1940 - )". Biographical Directory of the United States Congress. United States Congress. Diakses tanggal July 16, 2013.
^ "Fields, Cleo, (1962 - )". Biographical Directory of the United States Congress. United States Congress. Diakses tanggal July 16, 2013.
^ "Hastings, Alcee Lamar, (1936 - )". Biographical Directory of the United States Congress. United States Congress. Diakses tanggal July 16, 2013.
^ "Hilliard, Earl Frederick, (1942 - )". Biographical Directory of the United States Congress. United States Congress. Diakses tanggal July 16, 2013.
^ "Johnson, Eddie Bernice, (1935 - )". Biographical Directory of the United States Congress. United States Congress. Diakses tanggal July 16, 2013.
^ "McKinney, Cynthia Ann, (1955 - )". Biographical Directory of the United States Congress. United States Congress. Diakses tanggal July 16, 2013.
^ "Meek, Carrie P., (1926 - )". Biographical Directory of the United States Congress. United States Congress. Diakses tanggal July 16, 2013.
^ "Reynolds, Mel, (1952 - )". Biographical Directory of the United States Congress. United States Congress. Diakses tanggal July 16, 2013.
^ "Rush, Bobby L., (1946 - )". Biographical Directory of the United States Congress. United States Congress. Diakses tanggal July 16, 2013.
^ "Scott, Robert Cortez, (1947 - )". Biographical Directory of the United States Congress. United States Congress. Diakses tanggal July 16, 2013.
^ "Tucker, Walter R., III, (1957 - )". Biographical Directory of the United States Congress. United States Congress. Diakses tanggal July 16, 2013.
^ "Watt, Melvin L., (1945 - )". Biographical Directory of the United States Congress. United States Congress. Diakses tanggal July 16, 2013.
^ "Wynn, Albert Russell, (1951 - )". Biographical Directory of the United States Congress. United States Congress. Diakses tanggal July 16, 2013.
^ "Thompson, Bennie, (1948 - )". Biographical Directory of the United States Congress. United States Congress. Diakses tanggal July 16, 2013.
^ "Fattah, Chaka, (1956 - )". Biographical Directory of the United States Congress. United States Congress. Diakses tanggal July 16, 2013.
^ "Jackson Lee, Sheila, (1950 - )". Biographical Directory of the United States Congress. United States Congress. Diakses tanggal July 16, 2013.
^ "Watts, Julius Caesar, Jr. (J. C.), (1957 - )". Biographical Directory of the United States Congress. United States Congress. Diakses tanggal July 16, 2013.
^ "Jackson, Jesse L., Jr., (1965 - )". Biographical Directory of the United States Congress. United States Congress. Diakses tanggal July 16, 2013.
^ "Millender-McDonald, Juanita, (1938 - 2007)". Biographical Directory of the United States Congress. United States Congress. Diakses tanggal July 16, 2013.
^ "Cummings, Elijah Eugene, (1951 - )". Biographical Directory of the United States Congress. United States Congress. Diakses tanggal July 16, 2013.
^ "Carson, Julia May, (1938 - 2007)". Biographical Directory of the United States Congress. United States Congress. Diakses tanggal July 16, 2013.
^ "Davis, Danny K., (1941 - )". Biographical Directory of the United States Congress. United States Congress. Diakses tanggal July 16, 2013.
^ "Ford, Harold, Jr., (1970 - )". Biographical Directory of the United States Congress. United States Congress. Diakses tanggal July 16, 2013.
^ "Kilpatrick, Carolyn Cheeks, (1945 - )". Biographical Directory of the United States Congress. United States Congress. Diakses tanggal July 16, 2013.
^ "Meeks, Gregory W., (1953 - )". Biographical Directory of the United States Congress. United States Congress. Diakses tanggal July 16, 2013.
^ "Lee, Barbara, (1946 - )". Biographical Directory of the United States Congress. United States Congress. Diakses tanggal July 16, 2013.
^ "Jones, Stephanie Tubbs, (1949 - 2008)". Biographical Directory of the United States Congress. United States Congress. Diakses tanggal July 16, 2013.
^ "Clay, William Lacy, Jr., (1956 - )". Biographical Directory of the United States Congress. United States Congress. Diakses tanggal July 16, 2013.
^ "Watson, Diane Edith, (1933 - )". Biographical Directory of the United States Congress. United States Congress. Diakses tanggal July 16, 2013.
^ "Ballance, Frank W., Jr., (1942 - )". Biographical Directory of the United States Congress. United States Congress. Diakses tanggal July 16, 2013.
^ "Davis, Artur, (1967 - )". Biographical Directory of the United States Congress. United States Congress. Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal March 10, 2013. Diakses tanggal July 16, 2013.
^ "Majette, Denise L., (1955 - )". Biographical Directory of the United States Congress. United States Congress. Diakses tanggal July 16, 2013.
^ "Meek, Kendrick B., (1966 - )". Biographical Directory of the United States Congress. United States Congress. Diakses tanggal July 16, 2013.
^ "Scott, David, (1945 - )". Biographical Directory of the United States Congress. United States Congress. Diakses tanggal July 16, 2013.
^ "Butterfield, George Kenneth, Jr. (G.K.), (1947 - )". Biographical Directory of the United States Congress. United States Congress. Diakses tanggal August 22, 2013.
^ "Cleaver, Emanuel, II, (1944 - )". Biographical Directory of the United States Congress. United States Congress. Diakses tanggal July 16, 2013.
^ "Green, Al, (1947 - )". Biographical Directory of the United States Congress. United States Congress. Diakses tanggal July 16, 2013.
^ "Moore, Gwendolynne S. (Gwen), (1951 - )". Biographical Directory of the United States Congress. United States Congress. Diakses tanggal July 16, 2013.
^ "Clarke, Yvette Diane, (1964 - )". Biographical Directory of the United States Congress. United States Congress. Diakses tanggal July 16, 2013.
^ "Ellison, Keith, (1963 - )". Biographical Directory of the United States Congress. United States Congress. Diakses tanggal July 16, 2013.
^ "Johnson, Hank, (1954 - )". Biographical Directory of the United States Congress. United States Congress. Diakses tanggal July 16, 2013.
^ "Richardson, Laura, (1962 - )". Biographical Directory of the United States Congress. United States Congress. Diakses tanggal July 16, 2013.
^ "Carson, André, (1974 - )". Biographical Directory of the United States Congress. United States Congress. Diakses tanggal July 16, 2013.
^ "Edwards, Donna F., (1958 - )". Biographical Directory of the United States Congress. United States Congress. Diakses tanggal July 16, 2013.
^ "Fudge, Marcia L., (1952 - )". Biographical Directory of the United States Congress. United States Congress. Diakses tanggal July 16, 2013.
^ "Bass, Karen, (1953 - )". Biographical Directory of the United States Congress. United States Congress. Diakses tanggal July 16, 2013.
^ "Clarke, Hansen, (1957 - )". Biographical Directory of the United States Congress. United States Congress. Diakses tanggal July 16, 2013.
^ "Richmond, Cedric, (1973 - )". Biographical Directory of the United States Congress. United States Congress. Diakses tanggal July 16, 2013.
^ "Scott, Tim, (1965 - )". Biographical Directory of the United States Congress. United States Congress. Diakses tanggal July 16, 2013.
^ "Sewell, Terri, (1965 - )". Biographical Directory of the United States Congress. United States Congress. Diakses tanggal July 16, 2013.
^ "West, Allen, (1961 - )". Biographical Directory of the United States Congress. United States Congress. Diakses tanggal July 16, 2013.
^ "Wilson, Frederica, (1942 - )". Biographical Directory of the United States Congress. United States Congress. Diakses tanggal July 16, 2013.
^ "Payne, Donald, Jr., (1958 - )". Biographical Directory of the United States Congress. United States Congress. Diakses tanggal July 16, 2013.
^ "Beatty, Joyce, (1950 - )". Biographical Directory of the United States Congress. United States Congress. Diakses tanggal July 16, 2013.
^ "Horsford, Steven, (1973 - )". Biographical Directory of the United States Congress. United States Congress. Diakses tanggal July 16, 2013.
^ "Jeffries, Hakeem, (1970 - )". Biographical Directory of the United States Congress. United States Congress. Diakses tanggal July 16, 2013.
^ "Veasey, Marc, (1971 - )". Biographical Directory of the United States Congress. United States Congress. Diakses tanggal November 17, 2014.
^ "Kelly, Robin L., (1956 - )". Biographical Directory of the United States Congress. United States Congress. Diakses tanggal July 16, 2013.
^ "Adams, Alma, (1946 - )". Biographical Directory of the United States Congress. United States Congress. Diakses tanggal November 13, 2014.
^ "Watson Coleman, Bonnie, (1945 - )". Biographical Directory of the United States Congress. United States Congress. Diakses tanggal January 6, 2015.
^ "Hurd, William Ballard, (1977 - )". Biographical Directory of the United States Congress. United States Congress. Diakses tanggal January 6, 2015.
^ "Lawrence, Brenda L., (1954 - )". Biographical Directory of the United States Congress. United States Congress. Diakses tanggal January 6, 2015.
^ "Love, Ludmya Bourdeau (Mia), (1975 - )". Biographical Directory of the United States Congress. United States Congress. Diakses tanggal January 6, 2015.
^ "Evans, Dwight, (1954 - )". Biographical Directory of the United States Congress. United States Congress. Diakses tanggal January 3, 2017.
^ "Brown, Anthony Gregory, (1961 - )". Biographical Directory of the United States Congress. United States Congress. Diakses tanggal January 3, 2017.
^ "Demings, Valdez Butler, (1957 - )". Biographical Directory of the United States Congress. United States Congress. Diakses tanggal January 3, 2017.
^ "Lawson, Alfred Jr., (1948 - )". Biographical Directory of the United States Congress. United States Congress. Diakses tanggal January 3, 2017.
^ "McEachin, Aston Donald, (1961 - )". Biographical Directory of the United States Congress. United States Congress. Diakses tanggal January 3, 2017.
^ "Blunt Rochester, Lisa, (1962 - )". Biographical Directory of the United States Congress. United States Congress. Diakses tanggal January 3, 2017.
^ Burke, Melissa Nann (November 29, 2018). "Jones sworn into Congress after deal reached". The Detroit News. Diakses tanggal November 29, 2018.
^ Jeffers, Gromer Jr. (November 6, 2018). "Democrat Colin Allred Grabs Dallas-area U.S. House Seat From GOP's Pete Sessions". Dallas Morning News. Diakses tanggal 9 November 2018.
^ Firozi, Paulina (November 7, 2018). "Delgado Nabs New York Seat For Democrats". Washington Post. Diakses tanggal 9 November 2018.
^ Altimari, Daniela; Lurye, Rebecca (November 6, 2018). "Jahana Hayes Wins, Becomes 1st Black Woman From Connecticut In Congress". Hartford Courant. Diakses tanggal 9 November 2018.
^ "Mother On a Mission: Gun Control Advocate Lucy McBath Wins House Race". Yahoo Finance. November 8, 2018. Diakses tanggal 9 November 2018.
^ Bounds, Amy (November 7, 2018). "Joe Neguse Wins 2nd Congressional District Seat, Becomes Colorado's 1st Black Congressman". The Denver Post. Diakses tanggal 9 November 2018.
^ "Joe Neguse Becomes First African-American To Represent Colorado In Congress". CBS Denver. November 6, 2018. Diakses tanggal 9 November 2018.
^ Cole, Devan; Serfaty, Sunlen (January 3, 2019). "On the Eve of Her Swearing-in to Congress, Rep.-elect Ilhan Omar Remembers Arriving as a Refugee to the US". CNN. Diakses tanggal 4 January 2019.
^ Kole, William J. (November 6, 2018). "Ayanna Pressley is Officially Massachusetts's First Black Congresswoman". Associated Press. Diakses tanggal 9 November 2018.
^ Keilman, John; Gutowski, Christy; McCoppin, Robert (November 7, 2018). "Lauren Underwood On Stunning Upset Against 4-term GOP Congressman: 'Together We Have Built a Movement'". Chicago Tribune. Diakses tanggal 9 November 2018.
^ "Fauntroy, Walter Edward, (1933 - )". Biographical Directory of the United States Congress. United States Congress. Diakses tanggal July 16, 2013.
^ "Evans, Melvin Herbert, (1917 - 1984)". Biographical Directory of the United States Congress. United States Congress. Diakses tanggal July 16, 2013.
^ "Norton, Eleanor Holmes, (1937 - )". Biographical Directory of the United States Congress. United States Congress. Diakses tanggal July 16, 2013.
^ "Frazer, Victor O., (1943 - )". Biographical Directory of the United States Congress. United States Congress. Diakses tanggal July 16, 2013.
^ "Christensen, Donna Marie, (1945 - )". Biographical Directory of the United States Congress. United States Congress. Diakses tanggal July 16, 2013.
^ "Plaskett, Stacey M., (1966 - )". Biographical Directory of the United States Congress. United States Congress. Diakses tanggal January 6, 2015.
^ Office of the Historian. "John Willis Menard of Louisiana became the first African American to address the U.S. House, February 27, 1869". Historical Highlights, History, Art & Archives. Office of the Clerk, House of Representatives of the United States. Diakses tanggal July 16, 2013.
^ Office of the Historian. "'Crafting an Identity,' Fifteenth Amendment in Flesh and Blood". Black Americans in Congress. Office of the Clerk, House of Representatives of the United States. Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal 2013-11-11. Diakses tanggal August 7, 2013.

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Christopher, Maurine (1971). America's Black Congressmen. Thomas Y. Crowell Company. ISBN 9780690085853.
Clay, William L. (1992). Just Permanent Interests: Black Americans in Congress, 1870–1991. Amistad Press. ISBN 1-56743-000-7.
Dray, Philip (2008). Capitol Men: The Epic Story of Reconstruction Through the Lives of the First Black Congressmen. Houghton Mifflin. ISBN 978-0-618-56370-8.
Foner, Eric (1996). Freedom's Lawmakers: A Directory of Black Officeholders During Reconstruction. LSU Press. ISBN 9780807120828.
Freedman, Eric; Jones, Stephen A. (2008). African Americans In Congress: A Documentary History. CQ Press. ISBN 9780872893856.
Gill, LaVerne McCain (1997). African American Women in Congress: Forming and Transforming History. Rutgers University Press. ISBN 9780813523538.
Hahn, Steven (2005). A Nation Under Our Feet: Black Political Struggles in the Rural South from Slavery to the Great Migration. Belknap Press of Harvard University Press. ISBN 9780674017658.
Haskins, James (1999). Distinguished African American Political and Governmental Leaders. Oryx Press. ISBN 9781573561266.
Lynch, Matthew (2012). Before Obama: A Reappraisal of Black Reconstruction Era Politicians. ABC-CLIO. ISBN 9780313397929.
Middleton, Stephen (2002). Black Congressmen During Reconstruction: A Documentary Sourcebook. Greenwood Publishing Group. ISBN 9780313322815.
Rabinowitz, Howard N., ed. (1982). Southern Black Leaders of the Reconstruction Era. University of Illinois Press. ISBN 9780252009723.
Walton, Jr., Hanes; Puckett, Sherman C.; Deskins, Jr., Donald R. (2012). The African American Electorate: A Statistical History. Congressional Quarterly Press. ISBN 9780872895089.
Wasniewski, Matthew, ed. (2008). Black Americans in Congress, 1870-2007. United States Government Printing Office. ISBN 9780160801945. The website, Black Americans in Congress maintained by the Clerk of the United States House of Representatives, serves as an ongoing supplement to the book. To download a free copy of the entire publication or a specific portion of the publication, see H. Doc. 108-224 - Black Americans in Congress 1870 - 2007. Made available by the United States Government Printing Office (GPO).

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African American Members of the United States Congress: 1870–2018 A 51-page history produced by the Congressional Research Service, a legislative branch agency within the Library of Congress.
Biographical Directory of the United States Congress, 1774 - Present Perform search of desired Representative or Delegate by last name, first name, position, state, party, by year or congress.
C-SPAN videos that discuss the history of African Americans in Congress:
- Black Americans in Congress, 1870–2007 A C-SPAN video with Matthew Wasniewski, historian of the United States House of Representatives, as the presenter. He discusses the history of African Americans in Congress from 1870 to 2007. The video is 164 minutes in length.
- African Americans in Congress in the 19th Century A C-SPAN video with Matthew Wasniewski and Farar Elliott, historian and curator respectively of the United States House of Representatives, as the presenters. They discuss the history of African Americans in Congress during the nineteenth century. The video is 28:54 minutes in length.
- African Americans in Congress in the 20th Century A C-SPAN video with Ron Dellums, the former representative of the United States House of Representatives from California's 9th congressional district, and Matthew Wasniewski and Farar Elliott, historian and curator respectively of the United States House of Representatives, as the presenters. They discuss the history of African Americans in Congress during the twentieth century. The video is 43:59 minutes in length.
Black Americans in Congress Maintained by the Clerk of the United States House of Representatives. The website serves as an ongoing supplement to the book, Black Americans in Congress, 1870-2007.
Major African American Office Holders Since 1641 Includes a listing for the United States Senate. Maintained by Blackpast.org.

[Rainey-1] "Rainey, Joseph Hayne, (1832 - 1887)". Biographical Directory of the United States Congress. United States Congress. Diakses tanggal July 16, 2013.

[Long-2] "Long, Jefferson Franklin, (1836 - 1901)". Biographical Directory of the United States Congress. United States Congress. Diakses tanggal July 16, 2013.

[DeLarge-3] "De Large, Robert Carlos, (1842 - 1874)". Biographical Directory of the United States Congress. United States Congress. Diakses tanggal July 16, 2013.

[Elliott-4] "Elliott, Robert Brown, (1842 - 1884)". Biographical Directory of the United States Congress. United States Congress. Diakses tanggal July 16, 2013.

[5] "Turner, Benjamin Sterling, (1825 - 1894)". Biographical Directory of the United States Congress. United States Congress. Diakses tanggal July 16, 2013.

[6] "Walls, Josiah Thomas, (1842 - 1905)". Biographical Directory of the United States Congress. United States Congress. Diakses tanggal July 16, 2013.

[7] "Cain, Richard Harvey, (1825 - 1887)". Biographical Directory of the United States Congress. United States Congress. Diakses tanggal July 16, 2013.

[8] "Lynch, John Roy, (1847 - 1939)". Biographical Directory of the United States Congress. United States Congress. Diakses tanggal July 16, 2013.

[9] "Ransier, Alonzo Jacob, (1834 - 1882)". Biographical Directory of the United States Congress. United States Congress. Diakses tanggal July 16, 2013.

[10] "Rapier, James Thomas, (1837 - 1883)". Biographical Directory of the United States Congress. United States Congress. Diakses tanggal July 16, 2013.

[11] "Haralson, Jeremiah, (1846 - 1916)". Biographical Directory of the United States Congress. United States Congress. Diakses tanggal July 16, 2013.

[12] "Hyman, John Adams, (1840 - 1891)". Biographical Directory of the United States Congress. United States Congress. Diakses tanggal July 16, 2013.

[13] "Nash, Charles Edmund, (1844 - 1913)". Biographical Directory of the United States Congress. United States Congress. Diakses tanggal July 16, 2013.

[14] "Smalls, Robert, (1839 - 1915)". Biographical Directory of the United States Congress. United States Congress. Diakses tanggal July 16, 2013.

[O’Hara-15] "O'Hara, James Edward, (1844 - 1905)". Biographical Directory of the United States Congress. United States Congress. Diakses tanggal July 16, 2013.

[16] "Cheatham, Henry Plummer, (1857 - 1935)". Biographical Directory of the United States Congress. United States Congress. Diakses tanggal July 16, 2013.

[17] "Langston, John Mercer, (1829 - 1897)". Biographical Directory of the United States Congress. United States Congress. Diakses tanggal July 16, 2013.

[18] "Miller, Thomas Ezekiel, (1849 - 1938)". Biographical Directory of the United States Congress. United States Congress. Diakses tanggal July 16, 2013.

[19] "Murray, George Washington, (1853 - 1926)". Biographical Directory of the United States Congress. United States Congress. Diakses tanggal July 16, 2013.

[20] "White, George Henry, (1852 - 1918)". Biographical Directory of the United States Congress. United States Congress. Diakses tanggal July 16, 2013.

[21] "De Priest, Oscar Stanton, (1871 - 1951)". Biographical Directory of the United States Congress. United States Congress. Diakses tanggal July 16, 2013.

[22] "Mitchell, Arthur Wergs, (1883 - 1968)". Biographical Directory of the United States Congress. United States Congress. Diakses tanggal July 16, 2013.

[23] "Dawson, William Levi, (1886 - 1970)". Biographical Directory of the United States Congress. United States Congress. Diakses tanggal July 16, 2013.

[Powell,_Adam_Clayton,_Jr.-24] "Powell, Adam Clayton, Jr., (1908 - 1972)". Biographical Directory of the United States Congress. United States Congress. Diakses tanggal July 16, 2013.

[25] "Diggs, Charles Coles, Jr., (1922 - 1998)". Biographical Directory of the United States Congress. United States Congress. Diakses tanggal July 16, 2013.

[26] "Nix, Robert Nelson Cornelius, Sr., (1898 - 1987)". Biographical Directory of the United States Congress. United States Congress. Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal 2010-12-05. Diakses tanggal July 16, 2013.

[27] "Hawkins, Augustus Freeman (Gus), (1907 - 2007)". Biographical Directory of the United States Congress. United States Congress. Diakses tanggal July 16, 2013.

[28] "Conyers, John, Jr., (1929 - )". Biographical Directory of the United States Congress. United States Congress. Diakses tanggal July 16, 2013.

[29] "Chisholm, Shirley Anita, (1924 - 2005)". Biographical Directory of the United States Congress. United States Congress. Diakses tanggal July 16, 2013.

[30] "Clay, William Lacy, Sr., (1931 - )". Biographical Directory of the United States Congress. United States Congress. Diakses tanggal July 16, 2013.

[31] "Stokes, Louis, (1925 - 2015)". Biographical Directory of the United States Congress. United States Congress. Diakses tanggal July 16, 2013.

[32] "Collins, George Washington, (1925 - 1972)". Biographical Directory of the United States Congress. United States Congress. Diakses tanggal July 16, 2013.

[33] "Dellums, Ronald V., (1935 - )". Biographical Directory of the United States Congress. United States Congress. Diakses tanggal July 16, 2013.

[34] "Metcalfe, Ralph Harold, (1910 - 1978)". Biographical Directory of the United States Congress. United States Congress. Diakses tanggal July 16, 2013.

[35] "Mitchell, Parren James, (1922 - 2007)". Biographical Directory of the United States Congress. United States Congress. Diakses tanggal July 16, 2013.

[36] "Rangel, Charles B., (1930 - )". Biographical Directory of the United States Congress. United States Congress. Diakses tanggal July 16, 2013.

[37] "Burke, Yvonne Brathwaite, (1932 - )". Biographical Directory of the United States Congress. United States Congress. Diakses tanggal July 16, 2013.

[38] "Jordan, Barbara Charline, (1936 - 1996)". Biographical Directory of the United States Congress. United States Congress. Diakses tanggal July 16, 2013.

[39] "Young, Andrew Jackson, Jr., (1932 - )". Biographical Directory of the United States Congress. United States Congress. Diakses tanggal July 16, 2013.

[40] "Collins, Cardiss, (1931 - 2013)". Biographical Directory of the United States Congress. United States Congress. Diakses tanggal July 16, 2013.

[41] "Ford, Harold Eugene, (1945 - )". Biographical Directory of the United States Congress. United States Congress. Diakses tanggal July 16, 2013.

[42] "Dixon, Julian Carey, (1934 - 2000)". Biographical Directory of the United States Congress. United States Congress. Diakses tanggal July 16, 2013.

[43] "Gray, William Herbert, III, (1941 - 2013)". Biographical Directory of the United States Congress. United States Congress. Diakses tanggal July 16, 2013.

[44] "Leland, George Thomas (Mickey), (1944 - 1989)". Biographical Directory of the United States Congress. United States Congress. Diakses tanggal July 16, 2013.

[45] "Stewart, Bennett McVey, (1912 - 1988)". Biographical Directory of the United States Congress. United States Congress. Diakses tanggal July 16, 2013.

[46] "Crockett, George William, Jr., (1909 - 1997)". Biographical Directory of the United States Congress. United States Congress. Diakses tanggal July 16, 2013.

[47] "Dymally, Mervyn Malcolm, (1926 - 2012)". Biographical Directory of the United States Congress. United States Congress. Diakses tanggal July 16, 2013.

[48] "Savage, Gus, (1925 - 2015)". Biographical Directory of the United States Congress. United States Congress. Diakses tanggal July 16, 2013.

[49] "Washington, Harold, (1922 - 1987)". Biographical Directory of the United States Congress. United States Congress. Diakses tanggal July 16, 2013.

[50] "Hall, Katie Beatrice, (1938 - 2012)". Biographical Directory of the United States Congress. United States Congress. Diakses tanggal July 16, 2013.

[51] "Owens, Major Robert Odell, (1936 - 2013)". Biographical Directory of the United States Congress. United States Congress. Diakses tanggal July 16, 2013.

[52] "Towns, Edolphus, (1934 - )". Biographical Directory of the United States Congress. United States Congress. Diakses tanggal July 16, 2013.

[53] "Wheat, Alan Dupree, (1951 - )". Biographical Directory of the United States Congress. United States Congress. Diakses tanggal July 16, 2013.

[54] "Hayes, Charles Arthur, (1918 - 1997)". Biographical Directory of the United States Congress. United States Congress. Diakses tanggal July 16, 2013.

[55] "Waldon, Alton R., Jr., (1936 - )". Biographical Directory of the United States Congress. United States Congress. Diakses tanggal July 16, 2013.

[56] "Espy, Alphonso Michael (Mike), (1953 - )". Biographical Directory of the United States Congress. United States Congress. Diakses tanggal July 16, 2013.

[57] "Flake, Floyd Harold, (1945 - )". Biographical Directory of the United States Congress. United States Congress. Diakses tanggal July 16, 2013.

[58] "Lewis, John R., (1940 - )". Biographical Directory of the United States Congress. United States Congress. Diakses tanggal July 16, 2013.

[59] "Mfume, Kweisi, (1948 - )". Biographical Directory of the United States Congress. United States Congress. Diakses tanggal July 16, 2013.

[60] "Payne, Donald Milford, (1934 - 2012)". Biographical Directory of the United States Congress. United States Congress. Diakses tanggal July 16, 2013.

[61] "Washington, Craig Anthony, (1941 - )". Biographical Directory of the United States Congress. United States Congress. Diakses tanggal July 16, 2013.

[62] "Collins, Barbara-Rose, (1939 - )". Biographical Directory of the United States Congress. United States Congress. Diakses tanggal July 16, 2013.

[63] "Franks, Gary A., (1953 - )". Biographical Directory of the United States Congress. United States Congress. Diakses tanggal July 16, 2013.

[64] "Jefferson, William Jennings, (1947 - )". Biographical Directory of the United States Congress. United States Congress. Diakses tanggal July 16, 2013.

[65] "Waters, Maxine, (1938 - )". Biographical Directory of the United States Congress. United States Congress. Diakses tanggal July 16, 2013.

[66] "Blackwell, Lucien Edward, (1931 - 2003)". Biographical Directory of the United States Congress. United States Congress. Diakses tanggal July 16, 2013.

[67] "Clayton, Eva M., (1934 - )". Biographical Directory of the United States Congress. United States Congress. Diakses tanggal July 16, 2013.

[68] "Bishop, Sanford Dixon, Jr., (1947 - )". Biographical Directory of the United States Congress. United States Congress. Diakses tanggal July 16, 2013.

[69] "Brown, Corrine, (1946 - )". Biographical Directory of the United States Congress. United States Congress. Diakses tanggal July 16, 2013.

[70] "Clyburn, James Enos, (1940 - )". Biographical Directory of the United States Congress. United States Congress. Diakses tanggal July 16, 2013.

[71] "Fields, Cleo, (1962 - )". Biographical Directory of the United States Congress. United States Congress. Diakses tanggal July 16, 2013.

[72] "Hastings, Alcee Lamar, (1936 - )". Biographical Directory of the United States Congress. United States Congress. Diakses tanggal July 16, 2013.

[73] "Hilliard, Earl Frederick, (1942 - )". Biographical Directory of the United States Congress. United States Congress. Diakses tanggal July 16, 2013.

[74] "Johnson, Eddie Bernice, (1935 - )". Biographical Directory of the United States Congress. United States Congress. Diakses tanggal July 16, 2013.

[75] "McKinney, Cynthia Ann, (1955 - )". Biographical Directory of the United States Congress. United States Congress. Diakses tanggal July 16, 2013.

[76] "Meek, Carrie P., (1926 - )". Biographical Directory of the United States Congress. United States Congress. Diakses tanggal July 16, 2013.

[77] "Reynolds, Mel, (1952 - )". Biographical Directory of the United States Congress. United States Congress. Diakses tanggal July 16, 2013.

[78] "Rush, Bobby L., (1946 - )". Biographical Directory of the United States Congress. United States Congress. Diakses tanggal July 16, 2013.

[79] "Scott, Robert Cortez, (1947 - )". Biographical Directory of the United States Congress. United States Congress. Diakses tanggal July 16, 2013.

[80] "Tucker, Walter R., III, (1957 - )". Biographical Directory of the United States Congress. United States Congress. Diakses tanggal July 16, 2013.

[81] "Watt, Melvin L., (1945 - )". Biographical Directory of the United States Congress. United States Congress. Diakses tanggal July 16, 2013.

[82] "Wynn, Albert Russell, (1951 - )". Biographical Directory of the United States Congress. United States Congress. Diakses tanggal July 16, 2013.

[83] "Thompson, Bennie, (1948 - )". Biographical Directory of the United States Congress. United States Congress. Diakses tanggal July 16, 2013.

[84] "Fattah, Chaka, (1956 - )". Biographical Directory of the United States Congress. United States Congress. Diakses tanggal July 16, 2013.

[85] "Jackson Lee, Sheila, (1950 - )". Biographical Directory of the United States Congress. United States Congress. Diakses tanggal July 16, 2013.

[86] "Watts, Julius Caesar, Jr. (J. C.), (1957 - )". Biographical Directory of the United States Congress. United States Congress. Diakses tanggal July 16, 2013.

[87] "Jackson, Jesse L., Jr., (1965 - )". Biographical Directory of the United States Congress. United States Congress. Diakses tanggal July 16, 2013.

[88] "Millender-McDonald, Juanita, (1938 - 2007)". Biographical Directory of the United States Congress. United States Congress. Diakses tanggal July 16, 2013.

[89] "Cummings, Elijah Eugene, (1951 - )". Biographical Directory of the United States Congress. United States Congress. Diakses tanggal July 16, 2013.

[90] "Carson, Julia May, (1938 - 2007)". Biographical Directory of the United States Congress. United States Congress. Diakses tanggal July 16, 2013.

[91] "Davis, Danny K., (1941 - )". Biographical Directory of the United States Congress. United States Congress. Diakses tanggal July 16, 2013.

[92] "Ford, Harold, Jr., (1970 - )". Biographical Directory of the United States Congress. United States Congress. Diakses tanggal July 16, 2013.

[93] "Kilpatrick, Carolyn Cheeks, (1945 - )". Biographical Directory of the United States Congress. United States Congress. Diakses tanggal July 16, 2013.

[94] "Meeks, Gregory W., (1953 - )". Biographical Directory of the United States Congress. United States Congress. Diakses tanggal July 16, 2013.

[95] "Lee, Barbara, (1946 - )". Biographical Directory of the United States Congress. United States Congress. Diakses tanggal July 16, 2013.

[96] "Jones, Stephanie Tubbs, (1949 - 2008)". Biographical Directory of the United States Congress. United States Congress. Diakses tanggal July 16, 2013.

[97] "Clay, William Lacy, Jr., (1956 - )". Biographical Directory of the United States Congress. United States Congress. Diakses tanggal July 16, 2013.

[98] "Watson, Diane Edith, (1933 - )". Biographical Directory of the United States Congress. United States Congress. Diakses tanggal July 16, 2013.

[99] "Ballance, Frank W., Jr., (1942 - )". Biographical Directory of the United States Congress. United States Congress. Diakses tanggal July 16, 2013.

[100] "Davis, Artur, (1967 - )". Biographical Directory of the United States Congress. United States Congress. Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal March 10, 2013. Diakses tanggal July 16, 2013.

[101] "Majette, Denise L., (1955 - )". Biographical Directory of the United States Congress. United States Congress. Diakses tanggal July 16, 2013.

[102] "Meek, Kendrick B., (1966 - )". Biographical Directory of the United States Congress. United States Congress. Diakses tanggal July 16, 2013.

[103] "Scott, David, (1945 - )". Biographical Directory of the United States Congress. United States Congress. Diakses tanggal July 16, 2013.

[104] "Butterfield, George Kenneth, Jr. (G.K.), (1947 - )". Biographical Directory of the United States Congress. United States Congress. Diakses tanggal August 22, 2013.

[105] "Cleaver, Emanuel, II, (1944 - )". Biographical Directory of the United States Congress. United States Congress. Diakses tanggal July 16, 2013.

[106] "Green, Al, (1947 - )". Biographical Directory of the United States Congress. United States Congress. Diakses tanggal July 16, 2013.

[107] "Moore, Gwendolynne S. (Gwen), (1951 - )". Biographical Directory of the United States Congress. United States Congress. Diakses tanggal July 16, 2013.

[108] "Clarke, Yvette Diane, (1964 - )". Biographical Directory of the United States Congress. United States Congress. Diakses tanggal July 16, 2013.

[109] "Ellison, Keith, (1963 - )". Biographical Directory of the United States Congress. United States Congress. Diakses tanggal July 16, 2013.

[110] "Johnson, Hank, (1954 - )". Biographical Directory of the United States Congress. United States Congress. Diakses tanggal July 16, 2013.

[111] "Richardson, Laura, (1962 - )". Biographical Directory of the United States Congress. United States Congress. Diakses tanggal July 16, 2013.

[112] "Carson, André, (1974 - )". Biographical Directory of the United States Congress. United States Congress. Diakses tanggal July 16, 2013.

[113] "Edwards, Donna F., (1958 - )". Biographical Directory of the United States Congress. United States Congress. Diakses tanggal July 16, 2013.

[114] "Fudge, Marcia L., (1952 - )". Biographical Directory of the United States Congress. United States Congress. Diakses tanggal July 16, 2013.

[115] "Bass, Karen, (1953 - )". Biographical Directory of the United States Congress. United States Congress. Diakses tanggal July 16, 2013.

[116] "Clarke, Hansen, (1957 - )". Biographical Directory of the United States Congress. United States Congress. Diakses tanggal July 16, 2013.

[117] "Richmond, Cedric, (1973 - )". Biographical Directory of the United States Congress. United States Congress. Diakses tanggal July 16, 2013.

[118] "Scott, Tim, (1965 - )". Biographical Directory of the United States Congress. United States Congress. Diakses tanggal July 16, 2013.

[119] "Sewell, Terri, (1965 - )". Biographical Directory of the United States Congress. United States Congress. Diakses tanggal July 16, 2013.

[120] "West, Allen, (1961 - )". Biographical Directory of the United States Congress. United States Congress. Diakses tanggal July 16, 2013.

[121] "Wilson, Frederica, (1942 - )". Biographical Directory of the United States Congress. United States Congress. Diakses tanggal July 16, 2013.

[122] "Payne, Donald, Jr., (1958 - )". Biographical Directory of the United States Congress. United States Congress. Diakses tanggal July 16, 2013.

[123] "Beatty, Joyce, (1950 - )". Biographical Directory of the United States Congress. United States Congress. Diakses tanggal July 16, 2013.

[124] "Horsford, Steven, (1973 - )". Biographical Directory of the United States Congress. United States Congress. Diakses tanggal July 16, 2013.

[125] "Jeffries, Hakeem, (1970 - )". Biographical Directory of the United States Congress. United States Congress. Diakses tanggal July 16, 2013.

[126] "Veasey, Marc, (1971 - )". Biographical Directory of the United States Congress. United States Congress. Diakses tanggal November 17, 2014.

[127] "Kelly, Robin L., (1956 - )". Biographical Directory of the United States Congress. United States Congress. Diakses tanggal July 16, 2013.

[128] "Adams, Alma, (1946 - )". Biographical Directory of the United States Congress. United States Congress. Diakses tanggal November 13, 2014.

[129] "Watson Coleman, Bonnie, (1945 - )". Biographical Directory of the United States Congress. United States Congress. Diakses tanggal January 6, 2015.

[130] "Hurd, William Ballard, (1977 - )". Biographical Directory of the United States Congress. United States Congress. Diakses tanggal January 6, 2015.

[131] "Lawrence, Brenda L., (1954 - )". Biographical Directory of the United States Congress. United States Congress. Diakses tanggal January 6, 2015.

[132] "Love, Ludmya Bourdeau (Mia), (1975 - )". Biographical Directory of the United States Congress. United States Congress. Diakses tanggal January 6, 2015.

[133] "Evans, Dwight, (1954 - )". Biographical Directory of the United States Congress. United States Congress. Diakses tanggal January 3, 2017.

[134] "Brown, Anthony Gregory, (1961 - )". Biographical Directory of the United States Congress. United States Congress. Diakses tanggal January 3, 2017.

[135] "Demings, Valdez Butler, (1957 - )". Biographical Directory of the United States Congress. United States Congress. Diakses tanggal January 3, 2017.

[136] "Lawson, Alfred Jr., (1948 - )". Biographical Directory of the United States Congress. United States Congress. Diakses tanggal January 3, 2017.

[137] "McEachin, Aston Donald, (1961 - )". Biographical Directory of the United States Congress. United States Congress. Diakses tanggal January 3, 2017.

[138] "Blunt Rochester, Lisa, (1962 - )". Biographical Directory of the United States Congress. United States Congress. Diakses tanggal January 3, 2017.

[139] Burke, Melissa Nann (November 29, 2018). "Jones sworn into Congress after deal reached". The Detroit News. Diakses tanggal November 29, 2018.

[140] Jeffers, Gromer Jr. (November 6, 2018). "Democrat Colin Allred Grabs Dallas-area U.S. House Seat From GOP's Pete Sessions". Dallas Morning News. Diakses tanggal 9 November 2018.

[141] Firozi, Paulina (November 7, 2018). "Delgado Nabs New York Seat For Democrats". Washington Post. Diakses tanggal 9 November 2018.

[142] Altimari, Daniela; Lurye, Rebecca (November 6, 2018). "Jahana Hayes Wins, Becomes 1st Black Woman From Connecticut In Congress". Hartford Courant. Diakses tanggal 9 November 2018.

[143] "Mother On a Mission: Gun Control Advocate Lucy McBath Wins House Race". Yahoo Finance. November 8, 2018. Diakses tanggal 9 November 2018.

[144] Bounds, Amy (November 7, 2018). "Joe Neguse Wins 2nd Congressional District Seat, Becomes Colorado's 1st Black Congressman". The Denver Post. Diakses tanggal 9 November 2018.

[145] "Joe Neguse Becomes First African-American To Represent Colorado In Congress". CBS Denver. November 6, 2018. Diakses tanggal 9 November 2018.

[146] Cole, Devan; Serfaty, Sunlen (January 3, 2019). "On the Eve of Her Swearing-in to Congress, Rep.-elect Ilhan Omar Remembers Arriving as a Refugee to the US". CNN. Diakses tanggal 4 January 2019.

[147] Kole, William J. (November 6, 2018). "Ayanna Pressley is Officially Massachusetts's First Black Congresswoman". Associated Press. Diakses tanggal 9 November 2018.

[148] Keilman, John; Gutowski, Christy; McCoppin, Robert (November 7, 2018). "Lauren Underwood On Stunning Upset Against 4-term GOP Congressman: 'Together We Have Built a Movement'". Chicago Tribune. Diakses tanggal 9 November 2018.

[149] "Fauntroy, Walter Edward, (1933 - )". Biographical Directory of the United States Congress. United States Congress. Diakses tanggal July 16, 2013.

[150] "Evans, Melvin Herbert, (1917 - 1984)". Biographical Directory of the United States Congress. United States Congress. Diakses tanggal July 16, 2013.

[151] "Norton, Eleanor Holmes, (1937 - )". Biographical Directory of the United States Congress. United States Congress. Diakses tanggal July 16, 2013.

[152] "Frazer, Victor O., (1943 - )". Biographical Directory of the United States Congress. United States Congress. Diakses tanggal July 16, 2013.

[153] "Christensen, Donna Marie, (1945 - )". Biographical Directory of the United States Congress. United States Congress. Diakses tanggal July 16, 2013.

[154] "Plaskett, Stacey M., (1966 - )". Biographical Directory of the United States Congress. United States Congress. Diakses tanggal January 6, 2015.

[155] Office of the Historian. "John Willis Menard of Louisiana became the first African American to address the U.S. House, February 27, 1869". Historical Highlights, History, Art & Archives. Office of the Clerk, House of Representatives of the United States. Diakses tanggal July 16, 2013.

[156] Office of the Historian. "'Crafting an Identity,' Fifteenth Amendment in Flesh and Blood". Black Americans in Congress. Office of the Clerk, House of Representatives of the United States. Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal 2013-11-11. Diakses tanggal August 7, 2013.

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