Anton Ažbe
Anton Ažbe (30 Mei 1862 – 6 Agustus 1905) merupakan seorang pelukis realis Slovenia dan guru lukis. Ažbe, lumpuh sejak lahir dan yatim piatu pada usia 8 tahun, belajar melukis sebagai murid Janez Wolf dan di Akademi Wina dan München. Pada usia 30, Ažbe mendirikan sekolah lukisannya sendiri di München yang menjadi daya tarik populer bagi siswa Eropa Timur. Ažbe melatih "empat besar" impresionis Slovenia (Rihard Jakopič, Ivan Grohar, Matej Sternen, Matija Jama), seluruh generasi pelukis Rusia (Ivan Bilibin, Mstislav Dobuzhinsky, Igor Grabar, Wassily Kandinsky, Dmitry Kardovsky dan Kuzma Petrov-Vodkin)[1] dan beberapa pelukis Serbia Nadežda Petrović, Beta Vukanović, Ljubomir Ivanović, Borivoje Stevanović, Kosta Miličević, dan Milan Milovanović.[2]
Alumni terkenal sunting
Dalam urutan kronologi, berdasarkan tahun masuk:[3]
- Rihard Jakopič (1892–)
- Ludvík Kuba (1895–1904)
- Ivan Grohar (1896–)
- Igor Grabar (1896–1901)
- Alexej von Jawlensky (1896–1905)
- Dmitry Kardovsky (1896–1900)
- Marianne von Werefkin (1896–1905)
- Matija Jama (1897–)
- Wassily Kandinsky (1897–1899)
- Yelena Makovskaya (1897–1899)
- Pavel Shmarov (1897–1898)
- Matej Sternen (1897–1905)
- Nadežda Petrović (1898–1901)
- Beta Vukanović (1872-1972)
- Ljubomir Ivanović (1882-1945)
- Borivoje Stevanović (1878-1976)
- Kosta Miličević (1877-1920)
- Milan Milovanović (1876-1946)
- Ivan Bilibin (1899)
- Olga Della-Vos-Kardovskaya (1899–1900)
- Mikhail Shemyakin (1900–1902)
- Mstislav Dobuzhinsky (1899–1901)
- Oleksandr Murashko (1901)
- Kuzma Petrov-Vodkin (1901)
- David Burliuk dan Vladimir Burliuk (1903)
- Karl Friedrich Lippmann (1903–06)
- Eugeniusz Żak (1903–1904)
- Hakob Kojoyan (1903–1905)
- Leonhard Frank (1904)
- Oskar Herman (1904)
- Josip Račić (1904)
- Konstantin Dydyshko (1905)
- Abraham Manevich (1905)
Setelah kematian Anton Ažbe, sekolahnya melatih sekelompok pelukis Estonia: Johannes Greenberg, Anton Starkopf, dan Ado Vabbe.
Referensi sunting
- ^ Baranovsky and Khlebnikova provide 42 biographical entries for the Russian alumni of Ažbe school and 42 entries for their own trainees
- ^ https://www.academia.edu/34330006/Kiril_Kutlik_i_po%C4%8Deci_moderne_umetnosti_u_Srbiji_Cyril_Kutl%C3%ADk_and_Early_Modernism_in_Serbia?email_work_card=view-paper
- ^ Years as in Baranovsky and Khlebnikova pp. 91-206.
Sumber sunting
- Victor Baranovsky, Irina Khlebnikova (2001) (in Russian). Anton Ažbe i hudozhniki Rossii (Антон Ажбе и художники России). Moscow State University. ISBN 961-90936-0-7.
- Shulamith Behr (2000). Veiling Venus: gender and painterly abstractions in early German modernism, in: Katie Scott, Caroline Arscott (editors) (2000). Manifestations of Venus: art and sexuality. Manchester University Press. ISBN 0-7190-5522-9, ISBN 978-0-7190-5522-5.
- Konrad Boehmer (1997). Schönberg and Kandinsky: an historic encounter. Taylor & Francos. ISBN 90-5702-046-7, ISBN 978-90-5702-046-9.
- Igor Grabar. Avtomonografia (Автомонография) (in Russian). 2001 edition: Respublika, Moscow. ISBN 5-250-01789-4.
- Dirk Heisserer (2008) (in German). Wo die Geister wandern: Literarische Spaziergänge durch Schwabing. C.H.Beck. ISBN 3-406-56835-1, ISBN 978-3-406-56835-0.
- Peter Howard Selz (1974). German expressionist painting. University of California Press. ISBN 0-520-02515-6, ISBN 978-0-520-02515-8.
Bacaan selanjutnya sunting
- Katarina Ambrožič (1988) (in German). Wege zur Moderne und die Ažbe-Schule in München. Recklinghausen: Bongers. ISBN 3-7647-0388-1.
- Bernd Fäthke (1988) (in German). Im Vorfeld des Expressionismus. Anton Azbe und die Malerei in München und Paris. Wiesbaden: Verlag des Institutes für Bildende Kunst. ISBN 3-926899-01-8.
- Marijan Tršar (1991) (in Slovene). Anton Ažbe. Ljubljana: Založba Park.
- Peg Weiss (1979). Kandinsky in Munich: the formative Jugendstil years. Princeton University Press. ISBN 0-691-03934-8, ISBN 978-0-691-03934-3 (1985 edition: ISBN 0-691-00374-2, ISBN 978-0-691-00374-0).