Resolusi 47 Dewan Keamanan Perserikatan Bangsa-Bangsa
Resolusi 47 Dewan Keamanan Perserikatan Bangsa-Bangsa, diadopsi 21 April 1948, setelah mendengar argumen India dan Pakistan, Dewan memperbesar ukuran Komisi yang ditetapkan Resolusi 39 Dewan Keamanan Perserikatan Bangsa-Bangsa menjadi lima anggota, menginstruksikan Komisi untuk pergi ke anak benua India dan membantu pemerintah India dan Pakistan menjaga perdamaian dan tata tertib di kawasan tersebut dan mempersiapkan plebisit yang menentukan nasib Kashmir. Resolusi ini disahkan oleh Dewan Keamanan Perserikatan Bangsa-Bangsa di bawah Bab VI Piagam PBB.[1] Resolusi ini yang disahkan di bawah Bab VI Piagam PBB dianggap tidak mengikat dan tidak bersifat wajib diterapkan, berbeda dengan resolusi-resolusi yang disahkan di bawah Bab VII.[2][3][4]
| Resolusi 47 Dewan Keamanan PBB | |
|---|---|
| Tanggal | 21 April 1948 |
| Sidang no. | 286 |
| Kode | S/726 (Dokumen) |
Ringkasan hasil | Persoalan India-Pakistan menentang |
| Hasil | Diadopsi |
| Komposisi Dewan Keamanan | |
Anggota tetap | |
Anggota tidak tetap | |
Resolusi ini merekomendasikan demi menjamin imparsialitas plebisit ini, Pakistan menarik semua anggota suku dan warga negara yang memasuki kawasan tersebut dengan tujuan bertempur dan India meninggalkan sejumlah kecil pasukan untuk menegakkan ketertiban sipil. Komisi juga akan mengirim beberapa pemantau ke kawasan tersebut untuk menjamin resolusi ini dipatuhi.
Pakistna mengabaikan mandat PBB dan terus berperang dan bertahan di wilayah Kashmir miliknya.[5] Subsequently India refused to implement the plebiscite claiming the withdrawal of Pakistan forces was a prerequisite as per this resolution.[6] Pada tahun 1990, setelah hampir empat dasawarsa, Amerika Serikat berubah posisi dan tidak lagi mendorong plebisit di Kashmir dengan alasan sengketa ini harus diselesaikan melalui negosiasi langsung antara India dan Pakistan.[7]
Resolusi ini diadopsi paragraf per paragraf. Tidak ada pemungutan suara.
Lihat pula sunting
Referensi sunting
- Text of Resolution at UN.org Diarsipkan 2013-07-31 di Wayback Machine. (PDF)
- ^ One of the earliest applications of Chapter VI of the United Nations Charter was on the Kashmir dispute. Following negotiations and agreements among the parties, the Security Council adopted resolution 47 (1948) of 21 April 1948 which promised a free and fair plebiscite under UN auspices to enable the people of Jammu and Kashmir to determine whether they wish to join Pakistan or India. Foreign Minister of Pakistan, on the role of the Security Council in the Pacific Settlement of Disputes
- ^ 'The Kashmir issue was taken to the UN by India in January, 1948 and remained active in the UN Security Council till the late fifties The Indian complaint was filed under Chapter VI of the UN Charter and not under Chapter VII, which requires mandatory enforcement of the UN Security Council's decisions.' Kashmir policy: an overview by Shamshad Ahmad, Dawn 2004-08-05
- ^ "There are two sorts of security council resolution: those under 'chapter 6' are non-binding recommendations dealing with the peaceful resolution of disputes; those under 'chapter 7' give the council broad powers, including war, to deal with 'threats to the peace ... or acts of aggression'." If Saddam steps out of line we must go straight to war by Bill Emmott, The Guardian, 2002-11-25.
- ^ 'Chapter VI establishes the appropriate methods of settling international disputes and the Security Council's powers in relation to them. It is generally agreed that resolutions under Chapter VI are advisory rather than binding. These resolutions have generally been operative only with the consent of all parties involved. Traditionally, the Chapter has not been interpreted to support collective intervention by member states in the affairs of another member state.'Collective Insecurities by Azeem Suterwalla. Harvard International Review
- ^ A Brief History of Kashmir Conflict. The Daily Telegraph. September 24, 2001.
- ^ Kashmir Issue. Ministry of External Affairs - India. Diarsipkan 2009-04-10 di Wayback Machine.
- ^ 'After nearly four decades, the United States has changed its position and is no longer urging a plebiscite in Kashmir, saying the dispute should be settled through direct negotiations between India and Pakistan' State Dept. Moves to Expel Top Kashmir Separatist. The New York Times. April 22, 1990.
