Quercetin

Quercetin
Nama
	Nama IUPAC 2-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-3,5,7-trihydroxy-4H-chromen-4-one
	Nama lain Sophoretin; Meletin; Quercetine; Xanthaurine; Quercetol; Quercitin; Quertine; Flavin meletin
Penanda
Nomor CAS	117-39-5 ;
Model 3D (JSmol)	Gambar interaktif;
3DMet	{{{3DMet}}}
ChEBI	CHEBI:16243 ;
ChEMBL	ChEMBL50 ;
ChemSpider	4444051 ;
DrugBank	DB04216 ;
Nomor EC
KEGG	C00389 ;
PubChem CID	5280343;
Nomor RTECS	{{{value}}}
UNII	9IKM0I5T1E ;
CompTox Dashboard (EPA)	DTXSID4021218 ;
	InChI InChI=1S/C15H10O7/c16-7-4-10(19)12-11(5-7)22-15(14(21)13(12)20)6-1-2-8(17)9(18)3-6/h1-5,16-19,21H Key: REFJWTPEDVJJIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N ; InChI=1/C15H10O7/c16-7-4-10(19)12-11(5-7)22-15(14(21)13(12)20)6-1-2-8(17)9(18)3-6/h1-5,16-19,21H Key: REFJWTPEDVJJIY-UHFFFAOYAW;
	SMILES O=C1c3c(O/C(=C1/O)c2ccc(O)c(O)c2)cc(O)cc3O;
Sifat
Rumus kimia	C15H10O7
Massa molar	302.236 g/mol
Penampilan	bubuk kristalin kuning
Densitas	1.799 g/cm3
Titik lebur	316 °C
Kelarutan dalam air	Tidak larut dalam air; larut dalam larutan alkalin encer
	Kecuali dinyatakan lain, data di atas berlaku pada suhu dan tekanan standar (25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa).
	verifikasi (apa ini ?)
	Referensi

Quercetin adalah flavonol yang dapat ditemukan dalam berbagai buah, sayur, dan daun. Quercetin dapat digunakan sebagai bahan suplemen, minuman, atau makanan.

Kemunculan sunting

Quercetin adalah flavonoid yang tersebar luas di alam. Nama quercetin digunakan sejak 1857, dan berasal dari kata quercetum (hutan ek).^[2]^[3] Flavonol ini merupakan inhibitor pengangkut auksin polar yang muncul secara alami.^[4]

Pada bawang merah, konsetrasi quercetin terbesar ada pada cincin paling luar dan di bagian yang paling dekat dengan akar.^[5] Menurut satu penelitian, tomat yang tumbuh secara organik memiliki 79% lebih banyak quercetin daripada yang tumbuh secara kimiawi.^[6] Quercetin ada pada berbagai jenis madu dari berbagai jenis tanaman.^[7]

Pengaruh sunting

Walaupun masih dalam tahap awal penelitian klinis, tidak ada bukti bahwa quercetin memiliki efek positif terhadap tubuh manusia.^[8]^[9] Food and Drug Administration Amerika Serikat telah mengeluarkan peringatan^[10] bahwa quercetin bukan nutrien dan bukan obat untuk menyembuhkan penyakit manusia.

Referensi sunting

^ ^a ^b ^c Quercetin dihydrate safety sheet on http://www.pvp.com.br (Inggris)
^ "Quercetin". Merriam-Webster.
^ "Quercitin (biochemistry)". Encyclopædia Britannica.
^ Fischer C, Speth V, Fleig-Eberenz S, Neuhaus G (October 1997). "Induction of Zygotic Polyembryos in Wheat: Influence of Auxin Polar Transport". Plant Cell. 9 (10): 1767–80. doi:10.1105/tpc.9.10.1767. PMC 157020  . PMID 12237347.
^ Smith C, Lombard KA, Peffley EB, Liu W (2003). "Genetic Analysis of Quercetin in Onion (Allium cepa L.) Lady Raider" (PDF). The Texas Journal of Agriculture and Natural Resource. Agriculture Consortium of Texas. 16: 24–8. Diarsipkan dari versi asli (PDF) tanggal 2007-02-25. Diakses tanggal 2014-11-24.
^ Mitchell AE, Hong YJ, Koh E, Barrett DM, Bryant DE, Denison RF, Kaffka S (July 2007). "Ten-year comparison of the influence of organic and conventional crop management practices on the content of flavonoids in tomatoes". J. Agric. Food Chem. 55 (15): 6154–9. doi:10.1021/jf070344. PMID 17590007.
^ Petrus K, Schwartz H, Sontag G (June 2011). "Analysis of flavonoids in honey by HPLC coupled with coulometric electrode array detection and electrospray ionization mass spectrometry". Anal Bioanal Chem. 400 (8): 2555–63. doi:10.1007/s00216-010-4614-7. PMID 21229237.
^ Gross P (March 1, 2009), New Roles for Polyphenols. A 3-Part report on Current Regulations & the State of Science, Nutraceuticals World
^ "Scientific Opinion on the substantiation of health claims related to quercetin and protection of DNA, proteins and lipids from oxidative damage (ID 1647), "cardiovascular system" (ID 1844), "mental state and performance" (ID 1845), and "liver, kidneys" (ID 1846) pursuant to Article 13(1) of Regulation (EC) No 1924/2006". EFSA Journal. 8 April 2011. Diakses tanggal 24 September 2014.
^ "River Hills Harvest dba Elderberrylife". Adams, AM, Inspections, Compliance, Enforcement, and Criminal Investigations, US FDA. 22 April 2014. Diakses tanggal 5 November 2014.

Pranala luar sunting

UMM Complementary and Alternative Medicine Guide: Quercetin (University of Maryland Medical Center Website)

Artikel bertopik kimia ini adalah sebuah rintisan. Anda dapat membantu Wikipedia dengan mengembangkannya.

[PVP-1] Quercetin dihydrate safety sheet on http://www.pvp.com.br (Inggris)

[2] "Quercetin". Merriam-Webster.

[3] "Quercitin (biochemistry)". Encyclopædia Britannica.

[pmid12237347-4] Fischer C, Speth V, Fleig-Eberenz S, Neuhaus G (October 1997). "Induction of Zygotic Polyembryos in Wheat: Influence of Auxin Polar Transport". Plant Cell. 9 (10): 1767–80. doi:10.1105/tpc.9.10.1767. PMC 157020  . PMID 12237347.

[5] Smith C, Lombard KA, Peffley EB, Liu W (2003). "Genetic Analysis of Quercetin in Onion (Allium cepa L.) Lady Raider" (PDF). The Texas Journal of Agriculture and Natural Resource. Agriculture Consortium of Texas. 16: 24–8. Diarsipkan dari versi asli (PDF) tanggal 2007-02-25. Diakses tanggal 2014-11-24.

[pmid17590007-6] Mitchell AE, Hong YJ, Koh E, Barrett DM, Bryant DE, Denison RF, Kaffka S (July 2007). "Ten-year comparison of the influence of organic and conventional crop management practices on the content of flavonoids in tomatoes". J. Agric. Food Chem. 55 (15): 6154–9. doi:10.1021/jf070344. PMID 17590007.

[pmid21229237-7] Petrus K, Schwartz H, Sontag G (June 2011). "Analysis of flavonoids in honey by HPLC coupled with coulometric electrode array detection and electrospray ionization mass spectrometry". Anal Bioanal Chem. 400 (8): 2555–63. doi:10.1007/s00216-010-4614-7. PMID 21229237.

[roles-8] Gross P (March 1, 2009), New Roles for Polyphenols. A 3-Part report on Current Regulations & the State of Science, Nutraceuticals World

[efsa-9] "Scientific Opinion on the substantiation of health claims related to quercetin and protection of DNA, proteins and lipids from oxidative damage (ID 1647), "cardiovascular system" (ID 1844), "mental state and performance" (ID 1845), and "liver, kidneys" (ID 1846) pursuant to Article 13(1) of Regulation (EC) No 1924/2006". EFSA Journal. 8 April 2011. Diakses tanggal 24 September 2014.

[10] "River Hills Harvest dba Elderberrylife". Adams, AM, Inspections, Compliance, Enforcement, and Criminal Investigations, US FDA. 22 April 2014. Diakses tanggal 5 November 2014.

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Nama

Nama IUPAC 2-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-3,5,7-trihydroxy-4H-chromen-4-one
Nama lain Sophoretin Meletin Quercetine Xanthaurine Quercetol Quercitin Quertine Flavin meletin
Penanda
Nomor CAS	117-39-5^Y
Model 3D (JSmol)	Gambar interaktif
3DMet	{{{3DMet}}}
ChEBI	CHEBI:16243^N
ChEMBL	ChEMBL50^Y
ChemSpider	4444051^Y
DrugBank	DB04216^N
Nomor EC
KEGG	C00389^Y
PubChem CID	5280343
Nomor RTECS	{{{value}}}
UNII	9IKM0I5T1E^Y
CompTox Dashboard (EPA)	DTXSID4021218
InChI InChI=1S/C15H10O7/c16-7-4-10(19)12-11(5-7)22-15(14(21)13(12)20)6-1-2-8(17)9(18)3-6/h1-5,16-19,21H^Y Key: REFJWTPEDVJJIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N^Y InChI=1/C15H10O7/c16-7-4-10(19)12-11(5-7)22-15(14(21)13(12)20)6-1-2-8(17)9(18)3-6/h1-5,16-19,21H Key: REFJWTPEDVJJIY-UHFFFAOYAW
SMILES O=C1c3c(O/C(=C1/O)c2ccc(O)c(O)c2)cc(O)cc3O
Sifat
Rumus kimia	C₁₅H₁₀O₇
Massa molar	302.236 g/mol
Penampilan	bubuk kristalin kuning^[1]
Densitas	1.799 g/cm³
Titik lebur	316 °C
Kelarutan dalam air	Tidak larut dalam air; larut dalam larutan alkalin encer^[1]
Kecuali dinyatakan lain, data di atas berlaku pada suhu dan tekanan standar (25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa).
N verifikasi (apa ini ^YN ?)
Referensi