Wikipedia

Undang-Undang Reformasi 1832

Representasi Undang-Undang Rakyat 1832 (secara tak resmi dikenal sebagai Undang-Undang Reformasi 1832, Undang-Undang Reformasi Besar atau Undang-Undang Reformasi Pertama untuk membedakannya dari Undang-Undang Reformasi berikutnya) adalah sebuah Undang-undang Parlemen (diindeks sebagai 2 & 3 Will. IV c. 45) yang memperkenalkan perubahan sistem pemilihan Inggris dan Wales dalam skala besar.

Sebuah lukisan karya Sir George Hayter untuk memperingati pengesahan Undang-Undang tersebut. Lukisan tersebut menggambarkan sesi pertama House of Commons yang baru direformasikan pada 5 Februari 1833 yang diadakan di Kapel Santo Stefanus.

Judul lengkapnya adalah An Act to amend the representation of the people in England and Wales. Judul pendek resminya dan kutipannya adalah "Representasi Undang-Undang Rakyat 1832 (2 & 3 Wm. IV, c. 45)". Undang-Undang tersebut hanya diterapkan di Inggris dan Wales; Undang-Undang Reformasi Skotlandia 1832 dan Undang-Undang Reformasi Irlandia 1832 yang terpisah menerapkan legislasi yang sama di dua negara tersebut.[1]

Catatan sunting

  1. ^ Representation of the People (Scotland) Act 1832 (2 & 3 Wm. IV, c. 65) and Representation of the People (Ireland) Act 1832 (2 & 3 Wm. IV, c. 88 )

Referensi sunting

  • Blackstone, Sir William. (1765–1769). Commentaries on the Laws of England. Oxford: Clarendon Press.
  • Gash, Norman. (1952). Politics in the Age of Peel: A Study in the Technique of Parliamentary Representation, 1830–1850. London: Longmans, Green, and Co.
  • Lady Holland and Sarah Austin. (1855). A Memoir of the Reverend Sydney Smith by his daughter, Lady Holland, with a Selection from his Letters edited by Mrs Sarah Austin. 2 vols. London: Brown, Green, and Longmans.
  • Marcus, Jane (ed.). (2001). Women's Source Library Vol.VIII: Suffrage and the Pankhursts. London: Routledge.
  • May, Sir Thomas Erskine. The Constitutional History of England Since the Accession of George the Third, 1760-1860. 1. 1895. hlm. 263–364. 
  • Phillips, John A., and Charles Wetherell. (1995). "The Great Reform Act of 1832 and the Political Modernization of England". American Historical Review, vol. 100, pp. 411–436. in JSTOR
  • Rover, Constance. (1967). Women's Suffrage and Party Politics in Britain, 1866–1914. London: Routledge & Kegan Paul.
  • Rudé, George. (1967). "English Rural and Urban Disturbances on the Eve of the First Reform Bill, 1830–1831". Past and Present, no. 37, pp. 87–102. in JSTOR
  • Smith, E. A. (1992). Reform or Revolution? A Diary of Reform in England, 1830-2. Stroud, Gloucestershire: Alan Sutton.
  • Thorne, R. G. (1986). The House of Commons: 1790–1820. London: Secker and Warburg.
  • Trevelyan, G. M. (1922). British History in the Nineteenth Century and After (1782–1901). London: Longmans, Green, and Co.

Bacaan tambahan sunting

  • Aidt, Toke S., and Raphaël Franck. "How to get the snowball rolling and extend the franchise: voting on the Great Reform Act of 1832." Public Choice 155.3-4 (2013): 229-250. online
  • Brock, Michael. (1973). The Great Reform Act. London: Hutchinson Press. online Diarsipkan 2016-04-22 di Wayback Machine.
  • Butler, J. R. M. (1914). The Passing of the Great Reform Bill. London: Longmans, Green, and Co.
  • Cannon, John. (1973). Parliamentary Reform 1640–1832. New York: Cambridge University Press.
  • Christie, Ian R. (1962). Wilkes, Wyvill and Reform: The Parliamentary Reform Movement in British Politics, 1760–1785. New York: St. Martin's Press.
  • Doull, James (2000). "Hegel on the English Reform Bill" (PDF). Animus. 5. ISSN 1209-0689. 
  • Ertman, Thomas. "The Great Reform Act of 1832 and British Democratization." Comparative Political Studies 43.8-9 (2010): 1000-1022. online
  • Evans, Eric J. (1983). The Great Reform Act of 1832. London: Methuen and Co.
  • Foot, Paul (2005). The Vote: How It Was Won and How It Was Undermined. London: Viking.
  • Fraser, Antonia (2013). Perilous question: the drama of the Great Reform Bill 1832 London: Weidenfeld & Nicolson.
  • Mandler, Peter. (1990). Aristocratic Government in the Age of Reform: Whigs and Liberals, 1830–1852. Oxford: Clarendon Press.
  • Morrison, Bruce. (2011) "Channeling the “Restless Spirit of Innovation”: Elite Concessions and Institutional Change in the British Reform Act of 1832." World Politics 63.04 (2011): 678-710. online
  • Newbould, Ian. (1990). Whiggery and Reform, 1830–1841: The Politics of Government. London: Macmillan.
  • O'Gorman, Frank. (1989). Voters, Patrons, and Parties: The Unreformed Electoral System of Hanoverian England, 1734–1832. Oxford: Clarendon Press.
  • Phillips, John A. (1982). Electoral Behaviour in Unreformed England: Plumpers, Splitters, and Straights. Princeton: Princeton University Press.
  • Pearce, Edward. Reform!: the fight for the 1832 Reform Act (Random House, 2010)
  • Trevelyan, G. M. (1920). Lord Grey of the Reform Bill: Being the Life of Charles, Second Earl Grey. London: Longmans, Green, and Co.
  • Vanden Bossche, Chris R. Reform Acts: Chartism, Social Agency, and the Victorian Novel, 1832-1867 (2014) excerpt and text search
  • Veitch, George Stead. (1913). The Genesis of Parliamentary Reform. London: Constable and Co.
  • Warham, Dror. (1995). Imagining the Middle Class: The Political Representation of Class in Britain, c. 1780–1840. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
  • Whitfield, Bob. The Extension of the Franchise: 1832-1931 (Heinemann Advanced History, 2001), textbook
  • Wicks, Elizabeth (2006). The Evolution of a Constitution: Eight Key Moments in British Constitutional History. Oxford: Hart Pub., pp. 65–82.
  • Woodward, Sir E. Llewellyn. (1962). The Age of Reform, 1815–1870. Oxford: Clarendon Press.

Pranala luar sunting

 
Wikisumber memiliki naskah asli yang berkaitan dengan artikel ini:
Diperoleh dari "https://id.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Undang-Undang_Reformasi_1832&oldid=19659624"