Skara Brae

Skara Brae /ˈskærə ˈbreɪ/ adalah pemukiman Neolitikum yang dibangun dari batu, terletak di Teluk Skaill di pantai barat Daratan, pulau terbesar di kepulauan Orkney, Skotlandia. Terdiri dari sepuluh rumah bergerombol, terbuat dari batu ubin besar, di bendungan tanah yang menopang dinding; rumah-rumah itu termasuk tungku api batu, tempat tidur, dan lemari.^[1] Sistem saluran pembuangan primitif, dengan "toilet" dan saluran air di setiap rumah, membawa limbah ke laut.^[2]^[3] (Air digunakan untuk membuang sampah ke saluran pembuangan.)^[4]

Situs ini dihuni dari sekitar 3180 SM hingga sekitar 2500 SM dan merupakan desa Neolitik terlengkap di Eropa. Skara Brae memperoleh status Situs Warisan Dunia UNESCO sebagai salah satu dari empat situs yang membentuk "Jantung Orkney Neolitik".^a Lebih tua dari Stonehenge dan Kompleks piramida Giza, telah disebut "Pompeii Skotlandia" karena pelestariannya yang sangat baik.^[5]

Catatan sunting

^a Ini adalah salah satu dari empat Situs Warisan Dunia UNESCO di Skotlandia, yang lainnya adalah Kota Tua dan Kota Baru Edinburgh; New Lanark di South Lanarkshire; dan St Kilda di Kepulauan Barat

Referensi sunting

^ "Before Stonehenge". National Geographic. 1 August 2014. Diakses tanggal 13 February 2021. ten stone structures, The village had a drainage system and even indoor toilets.
^ "Skara Brae Sandwick, Scotland". Atlas Obscura. 20 January 2018. Diakses tanggal 13 February 2021. Amazing and mysterious Neolithic settlement on Scotland's Orkney Islands
^ "Skara Brae". World History Encyclopedia. 18 October 2012. Diakses tanggal 13 February 2021. ten stone structures, The village had a drainage system and even indoor toilets.
^ "Scotland and the indoor toilet". BBC News. 19 October 2013. Diakses tanggal 13 February 2021. According to Allan Burnett, historian and author of Invented In Scotland, the Neolithic settlement of Skara Brae in Orkney in fact boasted the world's first indoor toilet.
^ Hawkes 1986, hlm. 262

Daftar pustaka sunting

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