Equidae

Keluarga Kuda
	Kuda Zebra Keledai
Klasifikasi ilmiah
Kerajaan:	Animalia
Filum:	Chordata
Kelas:	Mammalia
Ordo:	Perissodactyla
Famili:	Equidae; Gray, 1821
Subfamili
	Lihat teks

Equidae adalah famili binatang yang termasuk ke dalam ordo Perissodactyla. Famili ini kadang-kadang disebut sebagai Keluarga Kuda. Beberapa hewan yang masuk dalam genus ini adalah Kuda, keledai, zebra^[1], dan onager. Tiga hewan itu masuk ke dalam genus Equus.

Daftar Subfamili Beserta Genusnya sunting

Subfamili Eohippinae (Punah) sunting

- - Genus Epihippus (Punah)
  - Genus Haplohippus (Punah)
  - Genus Eohippus (Punah)
  - Genus Minippus (Punah) ^[2]

Subfamili Propalaeotheriinae (Punah) sunting

- - Genus Orohippus (Punah)
  - Genus Pliolophus (Punah)
  - Genus Protorohippus (Punah)
  - Genus Sifrhippus (Punah)
  - Genus Xenicohippus (Punah) ^[2]
  - Genus Eurohippus (Punah)
  - Genus Propalaeotherium? (Punah) ^[3]

Subfamili Anchitheriinae (Punah) sunting

- - Genus Anchitherium (Punah)
  - Genus Archaeohippus (Punah)
  - Genus Desmatippus (Punah)
  - Genus Hypohippus (Punah)
  - Genus Kalobatippus (Punah)
  - Genus Megahippus (Punah)
  - Genus Mesohippus (Punah)
  - Genus Miohippus (Punah)
  - Genus Parahippus (Punah)
  - Genus Sinohippus (Punah)

Subfamili Equinae sunting

- - Genus Merychippus (Punah)
  - Genus Scaphohippus (Punah)
  - Genus Acritohippus (Punah)
Tribus Hipparionini (Punah)
- - Genus Eurygnathohippus (Punah)
  - Genus Hipparion (Punah)
  - Genus Hippotherium (Punah)
  - Genus Nannippus (Punah)
  - Genus Neohipparion (Punah)
  - Genus Proboscidipparion (Punah)
  - Genus Pseudhipparion (Punah)
Tribus Equini
- - Genus Haringtonhippus

(Punah)^[4]

- - Genus Heteropliohippus (Punah)^[5]
  - Genus Parapliohippus

(Punah) ^[5]

- Subtribus Protohippina
  - Genus Calippus (Punah)
  - Genus Protohippus (Punah)
- Subtribus Equina
  - Genus Astrohippus (Punah)
  - Genus Dinohippus (Punah)
  - Genus Equus (22 species, 7 extant)
    - - Equus ferus
        Equus ferus caballus
        
        Equus ferus ferus (Punah)
        
        Equus ferus przewalskii
      - Equus algericus(Punah)^[6]
      - Equus alaskae (Punah)
      - Equus lambei (Punah)
      - Equus niobrarensis (Punah)
      - Equus scotti (Punah)
      - Equus conversidens (Punah)
      - Equus semiplicatus (Punah)
    - Subgenus Amerhippus (this subgenus and its species are possibly synonymous with E. ferus)(Punah) ^[7]
      - Equus andium (Punah)
      - Equus neogeus (Punah)
      - Equus insulatus (Punah)
    - Subgenus Asinus
      - Equus africanus
        Equus africanus africanus
        
        Equus africanus asinus
        
        Equus africanus atlanticus (Punah)
        
        Equus africanus somalicus
      - Equus hemionus
        Equus hemionus hemionus
        
        Equus hemionus hemippus (Punah)
        
        Equus hemionus khur
        
        Equus hemionus kulan
        
        Equus hemionus onager
      - Equus kiang
        Equus kiang chu
        
        Equus kiang kiang
        
        Equus kiang holdereri
        
        Equus kiang polyodon
      - Equus hydruntinus (Punah)
      - Equus altidens (Punah)
      - Equus tabeti (Punah)
      - Equus melkiensis (Punah)
      - Equus graziosii (Punah)
    - Subgenus Hippotigris^[a]
      - Equus grevyi
      - Equus koobiforensis (Punah)
      - Equus oldowayensis (Punah)
      - Equus quagga
        Equus quagga boehmi
        
        Equus quagga borensis
        
        Equus quagga burchellii
        
        Equus quagga chapmani
        
        Equus quagga crawshayi
        
        Equus quagga quagga (Punah)
        
        Equus quagga selousi
      - Equus zebra
        Equus zebra hartmannae
        
        Equus zebra zebra
      - Equus capensis (Punah)
      - Equus mauritanicus (Punah)
    - Subgenus Parastylidequus (Punah)
      - Equus parastylidens (Punah)
    - Subgenus Sussemionus (Punah) ^[10]
      - Equus ovodovi(Punah)^[11]
    - Penempatan tidak pasti :
      - Equus simplicidens (Punah)
      - Equus cumminsii (Punah)
      - Equus livenzovensis (Punah)
      - Equus sanmeniensis (Punah)
      - Equus teilhardi (Punah)
      - Equus numidicus (Punah)
      - Equus plicidens (Punah)
      - Equus cedralensis (Punah)
      - Equus stenonis (Punah)
        Equus stenonis guthi (Punah)
        
        Equus stenonis senezensis (Punah)
        
        Equus stenonis pamirensis (Hippotigris pamirensis) (Punah)
        
        Equus stenonis petraloniensis (Punah)
        
        Equus stenonis vireti (Punah)
      - Equus sivalensis (Punah)
      - Equus stehlini (Punah)
      - Equus sussenbornensis (Punah)
      - Equus verae (Punah)
      - Equus namadicus (Punah)
    - subgenus Allozebra (Punah)
      - Equus occidentalis (Punah)
      - Equus excelsus (Punah)
    - subgenus Hesperohippus (Punah)
      - Equus pacificus (Punah)
      - Equus mexicanus (Punah)
      - Equus complicatus (Punah)
      - Equus fraternus (Punah)^[12]
      - Equus major (Punah)
      - Equus giganteus (Punah)
      - Equus pectinatus (Punah)
      - Equus crenidens (Punah)
  - Genus Hippidion (Punah)
  - Genus Onohippidium (Punah)
  - Genus Pliohippus (Punah)

Daftar pustaka sunting

Burke, et al. 2003. The systematic position of Equus hydruntinus, an extinct species of Pleistocene equid. Quaternary Research 59(3):459-469.
Duncan, P. (ed.). 1992. Zebras, Asses, and Horses: an Action Plan for the Conservation of Wild Equids. IUCN/SSC Equid Specialist Group. IUCN, Gland, Switzerland.
Equid Specialist Group 1996. Equus ferus. In: IUCN 2004. 2004 IUCN Red List of Threatened Species.<www.iucnredlist.org>. Downloaded on 21 January 2006.
Equid Specialist Group 1996. Equus ferus ssp. przewalskii. In: IUCN 2004. 2004 IUCN Red List of Threatened Species.<www.iucnredlist.org>. Downloaded on 21 January 2006.
Groves, C.P. & Bell, H.B. 2004. New investigations on the taxonomy of the zebras genus Equus, subgenus Hippotigris. Mammalian Biology. 69: 182-196.
Higuchi et al. 1987. Mitochondrial DNA of the Extinct Quagga: Relatedness and Extent of Postmortem Change. Journal of Molecular Evolution 25:283-287.
International Commission on Zoological Nomenclature. 2003. Opinion 2027 (Case 3010). Usage of 17 specific names based on wild species which are pre-dated by or contemporary with those based on domestic animals (Lepidoptera, Osteichthyes, Mammalia): conserved. Bull.Zool.Nomencl., 60:81-84.
Moehlman, P.D. 2002. Equids. Zebras, Assess and Horses. Status Survey and Conservation Action Plan. IUCN/SSC Equid Specialist Group. IUCN, Gland, Switzerland. (http://www.iucn.org/themes/ssc/publications/actionplans.htm#Equids2002 Diarsipkan 2007-12-15 di Wayback Machine.)
Orlando, et al. 2006. Geographic distribution of an extinct equid (Equus hydruntinus: Mammalia, Equidae) revealed by morphological and genetical analyses of fossils. Molecular Ecology 15(8):2083-2093.

Artikel bertopik hewan ini adalah sebuah rintisan. Anda dapat membantu Wikipedia dengan mengembangkannya.

Referensi sunting

^ Parker, Sybil, P (1984). McGraw-Hill Dictionary of Biology. McGraw-Hill Company. hlm. 124.
^ ^a ^b Froehlich, D.J. (February 2002). "Quo vadis eohippus? The systematics and taxonomy of the early Eocene equids (Perissodactyla)". Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society. 134 (2): 141–256. doi:10.1046/j.1096-3642.2002.00005.x  .
^ Remy, Jean A.; Krasovec, Gabriel; Marandat, Bernard (2016). "A new species of Propalaeotherium (Palaeotheriidae, Perissodactyla, Mammalia) from the Middle Eocene locality of Aumelas (Hérault, France)". Palaeovertebrata. 40 (2): e1. doi:10.18563/pv.40.2.e1.
^ Hay, Oliver P. (1915). "Contributions to the Knowledge of the Mammals of the Pleistocene of North America". Proceedings of the United States National Museum. 48 (2086): 535–549. DOI:10.5479/si.00963801.48-2086.515
^ ^a ^b Bravo-Cuevas, V.M.; Ferrusquía-Villafranca, I. (2010). "The oldest record of Equini (Mammalia: Equidae) from Mexico" (PDF). Revista Mexicana de Ciencias Geológicas. 27 (3): 593–603. Diakses tanggal 14 August 2020.
^ Aouraghe, Hassan; et al. (1999). "Les équidés du Pléstocène supérior de la grotte Zouhrah à El Harhoura, Maroc". Quaternaire (dalam bahasa Prancis). 10: 283–292. doi:10.3406/quate.1999.1649.
^ Orlando, L.; et al. (2008). "Ancient DNA Clarifies the Evolutionary History of American Late Pleistocene Equids". Journal of Molecular Evolution. 66 (5): 533–538. Bibcode:2008JMolE..66..533O. doi:10.1007/s00239-008-9100-x. PMID 18398561.
^ Vilstrup, Julia T.; et al. (2013). "Mitochondrial Phylogenomics of Modern and Ancient Equids". PLOS ONE. 8 (2): e55950. Bibcode:2013PLoSO...855950V. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0055950  . PMC 3577844  . PMID 23437078.
^ Groves, C. P.; Bell, C. H. (2004). "New investigations on the taxonomy of the zebras genus Equus, subgenus Hippotigris". Mammalian Biology. 69 (3): 182–196. doi:10.1078/1616-5047-00133.
^ Eisenmann, Vera (March 2010). "Sussemionus, a new subgenus of Equus (Perissodactyla, Mammalia)". Comptes Rendus Biologies. 333 (3): 235–240. doi:10.1016/j.crvi.2009.12.013. PMID 20338542.
^ Eisenmann, Vera; Vasilijiev, Sergej (September 2011). "Unexpected finding of a new Equus species (Mammalia, Perissodactyla) belonging to a supposedly extinct subgenus in late Pleistocene deposits of Khakassia (Southwestern Siberia)". Geodiversitas. 33 (3): 519–530. doi:10.5252/g2011n3a5.
^ "Fossilworks: Equus fraternus". fossilworks.org. Diakses tanggal 17 December 2021.

Kesalahan pengutipan: Ditemukan tag <ref> untuk kelompok bernama "lower-alpha", tapi tidak ditemukan tag <references group="lower-alpha"/> yang berkaitan

[1] Parker, Sybil, P (1984). McGraw-Hill Dictionary of Biology. McGraw-Hill Company. hlm. 124.

[Froehlich2002-2] Froehlich, D.J. (February 2002). "Quo vadis eohippus? The systematics and taxonomy of the early Eocene equids (Perissodactyla)". Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society. 134 (2): 141–256. doi:10.1046/j.1096-3642.2002.00005.x  .

[3] Remy, Jean A.; Krasovec, Gabriel; Marandat, Bernard (2016). "A new species of Propalaeotherium (Palaeotheriidae, Perissodactyla, Mammalia) from the Middle Eocene locality of Aumelas (Hérault, France)". Palaeovertebrata. 40 (2): e1. doi:10.18563/pv.40.2.e1.

[4] Hay, Oliver P. (1915). "Contributions to the Knowledge of the Mammals of the Pleistocene of North America". Proceedings of the United States National Museum. 48 (2086): 535–549. DOI:10.5479/si.00963801.48-2086.515

[Bravo2010-5] Bravo-Cuevas, V.M.; Ferrusquía-Villafranca, I. (2010). "The oldest record of Equini (Mammalia: Equidae) from Mexico" (PDF). Revista Mexicana de Ciencias Geológicas. 27 (3): 593–603. Diakses tanggal 14 August 2020.

[6] Aouraghe, Hassan; et al. (1999). "Les équidés du Pléstocène supérior de la grotte Zouhrah à El Harhoura, Maroc". Quaternaire (dalam bahasa Prancis). 10: 283–292. doi:10.3406/quate.1999.1649.

[AncientDNA-7] Orlando, L.; et al. (2008). "Ancient DNA Clarifies the Evolutionary History of American Late Pleistocene Equids". Journal of Molecular Evolution. 66 (5): 533–538. Bibcode:2008JMolE..66..533O. doi:10.1007/s00239-008-9100-x. PMID 18398561.

[Vilstrup-8] Vilstrup, Julia T.; et al. (2013). "Mitochondrial Phylogenomics of Modern and Ancient Equids". PLOS ONE. 8 (2): e55950. Bibcode:2013PLoSO...855950V. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0055950  . PMC 3577844  . PMID 23437078.

[GrovesBell2004-9] Groves, C. P.; Bell, C. H. (2004). "New investigations on the taxonomy of the zebras genus Equus, subgenus Hippotigris". Mammalian Biology. 69 (3): 182–196. doi:10.1078/1616-5047-00133.

[11] Eisenmann, Vera (March 2010). "Sussemionus, a new subgenus of Equus (Perissodactyla, Mammalia)". Comptes Rendus Biologies. 333 (3): 235–240. doi:10.1016/j.crvi.2009.12.013. PMID 20338542.

[12] Eisenmann, Vera; Vasilijiev, Sergej (September 2011). "Unexpected finding of a new Equus species (Mammalia, Perissodactyla) belonging to a supposedly extinct subgenus in late Pleistocene deposits of Khakassia (Southwestern Siberia)". Geodiversitas. 33 (3): 519–530. doi:10.5252/g2011n3a5.

[13] "Fossilworks: Equus fraternus". fossilworks.org. Diakses tanggal 17 December 2021.

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Keluarga Kuda
Kuda Zebra Keledai
Klasifikasi ilmiah
Kerajaan:	Animalia
Filum:	Chordata
Kelas:	Mammalia
Ordo:	Perissodactyla
Famili:	Equidae Gray, 1821
Subfamili
Lihat teks