Caroline Norton
Caroline Elizabeth Sarah Norton (née Sheridan; 22 Maret 1808 – 15 Juni 1877) adalah seorang reformator sosial dan penulis asal Inggris yang aktif pada awal dan pertengahan abad kesembilan belas.[1] Caroline berpisah dengan suaminya pada 1836, setelah suaminya menggugat teman dekatnya Lord Melbourne, saat itu Perdana Menteri dari Partai Whig atas gugatan tindakan kriminal (seperti perzinahan). Hakim tak meloloskan klaim tersebut, namun Caroline tak dapat bercerai dan tak dapat menemui lagi tiga putranya. Kampanye yang dilakukan Caroline berujung pada pengesahan Custody of Infants Act 1839, Matrimonial Causes Act 1857 dan Married Women's Property Act 1870. Caroline ditampilkan pada fresko Justice di Dewan Bangsawan Britania Raya oleh Daniel Maclise, yang memilihnya karena dia dipandang oleh beberapa orang sebagai korban ketidakadilan yang terkenal.
| Caroline Norton | |
|---|---|
_society_beauty_and_author_by_GH,_Chatsworth_Coll..jpg) Caroline Norton, oleh Sir George Hayter pada 1832 | |
| Lahir | Caroline Elizabeth Sarah Sheridan 22 Maret 1808 London, Inggris |
| Meninggal | 15 Juni 1877 (umur 69) London, Inggris |
| Kebangsaan | Inggris |
| Dikenal atas | Reformator sosial, Penulis |
| Suami/istri | George Chapple Norton |
Catatan sunting
- ^ Perkin pp. 26–28
Referensi sunting
- Acland, Alice. Caroline Norton, Constable, 1948.
- Atkinson, Diane. The Criminal Conversation is of Mrs Norton. London, Preface Publishing, 2012.
- Caine, Barbara. English Feminism, 1780–1980, Oxford University Press, 1997.
- Chedzoy, Alan. A Scandalous Woman, The Story of Caroline Norton. London, 1992.
- Cousin, John William. A Short Biographical Dictionary of English Literature. London, J. M. Dent & Sons; New York, E. P. Dutton, 1910.
- Kemble, Fanny. The Records of a Girlhood. New York: Holt, 1879.
- Kertzer, David I. Family Life in the Nineteenth Century, 1789–1913: The History of the European family. Volume 2. Yale University Press, 2002.
- MacColl, Gail. Wallace, Carol M. To Marry an English Lord: Or, How Anglomania Really Got Started. New York: Workman Publishing, 1999.
- Mitchell, L.G. Lord Melbourne, 1779–1848. Oxford University Press, 1997.
- Norton, Caroline Elizabeth Sarah Sheridan. English Laws for Women in the Nineteenth Century. London: [s.n.], 1854.
- Perkin, Joan. Women and Marriage in Nineteenth-Century England. Routledge, 1989.
- Perkins, Jane Gray. The Life of the Honourable Mrs. Norton. John Murray, 1909.
- Scott-Kilvert, Diana. The Journals of Mary Shelley, 1814–1844. Volume: 2. Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1987.
- Stone, Lawrence. Road to Divorce: England 1530–1987. Oxford University Press, 1990.
- Strauss, Sylvia. Traitors to the Masculine Cause: The Men's Campaigns for Women's Rights. Greenwood Press, 1982.
- Woodham-Smith, Cecil. Florence Nightingale, 1820–1910. McGraw-Hill Book Company, 1951.
- Yalom, Marilyn. A History of the Wife. New York: Harper Perennial, 2002.
Pranala luar sunting
- Biography of Caroline Norton at Spartacus Schoolnet
- Biography of Caroline Norton at A Celebration of Women Writers
- Karya oleh/tentang Caroline Norton di Internet Archive (pencarian dioptimalkan untuk situs non-Beta)
- Karya Caroline Norton di LibriVox (buku suara domain umum)
- Karya oleh Caroline Norton di Open Library
- Article, 12 June 2006, The Guardian
- "Materi arsip tentang Caroline Norton". UK National Archives.
- Discussion of Caroline Norton's life on BBC Radio 4's Great Lives, September 2016
- Sheet music for "Juanita", Macon, GA: John C. Schreiner & Son, from the Confederate Imprints Sheet Music Collection
- Sheet music for "A Health to the Outward Bound", Baltimore: G. Willig, 1839, from the Wade Hall Sheet Music Collection
