Nebukadnezar II: Perbedaan antara revisi
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Nebukadnezar berhasil menaklukkan Siria dan [[Fenisia]], memaksa upeti dari [[Damaskus]], [[Tirus]] dan [[Sidon]]. Ia juga menyerang [[Asia Kecil]], di tanah "Hatti". Pada tahun 572 SM Nebukadnezar menguasai penuh Babilonia, Asyur, Fenisia, Israel, Filistin, Arabia utara dan sebagian Asia Kecil. Nebukadnezar terus berperang dengan Firaun [[Psamtik II]] dan [[Hofra]] (Hofra) selama pemerintahannya, dan pada zaman Firaun [[Amasis II]] tahun 568 SM, ia diduga pernah menginjakkan kaki di tanah Mesir.
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=== Kegilaan ===
[[File:William Blake - Nebuchadnezzar - WGA02216.jpg|thumb|right|240px|''[[Nebuchadnezzar (Blake)|Nebuchadnezzar]]'', by [[William Blake]], depicting the king during his bout of insanity]]
Dalam masa pemerintahannya, Nebukadnezar sempat mengalami kegilaan dan hidup seperti hewan selama 7 tahun, seperti dicatat dalam {{Dan|4|28-37}}. Tidak ada catatan di luar Alkitab yang mengkonfirmasi hal ini, dan penentuan tanggalnya sulit diperkirakan.<!--
During his reign, Nebuchadnezzar loses his sanity and lives in the wild like an animal for seven years. After this, his sanity and position are restored. Theologians have interpreted this story in several ways. [[Origen]] attributed the metamorphosis as a representation of the [[Fallen angel#Fall of Satan|fall of Lucifer]], [[Jean Bodin|Bodin]] and [[Philipp Clüver|Cluvier]] maintained it was a metamorphosis of both soul and body, [[Tertullian]] confined the transformation to the body only, without the loss of reason, cases of which [[Augustine of Hippo|Augustine]] stated were reported in Italy, but gave them little credit. Gaspard Peucer asserted that the transformation of men into wolves was common in [[Livonia]]. Some Jewish rabbis asserted there was an exchange of souls between the man and ox, while others argued for an apparent or [[wiktionary:docetism|docetic]] change which was not real. The most generally received opinion, which was also held by [[Jerome]], was that the madman was under the influence of [[Hypochondriasis|hypochondriachal]] [[monomania]] by which God could humble the pride of kings.<ref>Samuel Fallows, [http://books.google.com/books?id=JbJUAAAAYAAJ& ''The Popular and Critical Bible Encyclopaedia and Scriptural Dictionary''] The Howard-Severance Company (1920) Vol.2 p.302</ref>
Modern writers have speculated that the biblical account might refer to an illness with a natural organic cause. Some consider it to have been an attack of [[clinical lycanthropy]] or alternatively [[porphyria]].<ref>{{cite book |author=Kroeger, Catherine Clark |title=The Women's Study Bible: New Living Translation |year=2009 |publisher=[[Oxford University Press]] |isbn=978-0-19-529125-4 |edition=Second |author2=Evans, Mary J. |url=http://books.google.co.uk/books?id=hKT7ftnh0xYC&pg=PA1003&dq=King+Nebuchadnezzar+%2B+Clinical+lycanthropy&hl=en&sa=X&ei=W0AET9GLF5PC8QOTuKX_Dw&ved=0CDAQ6AEwAA#v=onepage&q=King%20Nebuchadnezzar%20%2B%20Clinical%20lycanthropy&f=false}}</ref> Psychologist [[Henry Gleitman]] wrote that Nebuchadnezzar's insanity was a result of general paresis or paralytic dementia seen in advanced cases of [[syphilis]].<ref>Henry Gleitman, Psychology (New York: W W Norton, 2007), 219.</ref>
Some scholars<ref>Wolfram von Soden: "Eine babylonische Volksüberlieferung von Nabonid in den Danielerzählungen". In: ''Zeitschrift für die alttestamentliche Wissenschaft'' 53 (1935), pp. 81–89.</ref> think that Nebuchadnezzar's portrayal by Daniel is a mixture of traditions about Nebuchadnezzar and about [[Nabonidus]] (''Nabuna'id'') who became confused with him. For example, Nabonidus was the natural, or paternal father of [[Belshazzar]], and the seven years of insanity could be related to Nabonidus' sojourn in [[Tayma]] in the desert. Fragments from the [[Dead Sea Scrolls]], written from 150 BC to 70 AD<ref>[[F. F. Bruce|Bruce, F. F.]] [http://www.worldinvisible.com/library/kenyon/storyofbible/2ck11.htm "The Last Thirty Years"]. ''Story of the Bible''. ed. [[Frederic G. Kenyon]]. Retrieved June 19, 2007.</ref> state that it was Nabonidus (N-b-n-y) who was smitten by God with a fever for seven years of his reign while his son [[Belshazzar]] ruled.
The [[Book of Jeremiah]] contains a prophecy about the arising of a "destroyer of nations", commonly regarded as a reference to Nebuchadnezzar (''Jer.'' 4:7),<ref>''Calvin's Bible Commentaries: Jeremiah and Lamentations, Part I, John Calvin'', translated by John King, Forgotten Books, 2007, p. 168.</ref> as well as an account of Nebuchadnezzar's siege of Jerusalem and looting and destruction of the temple (''Jer.'' 52).
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=== Kematian ===
Pada tahun 562 SM, Nebukadnezar meninggal di Babilon pada tahun ke-43 pemerintahannya. Setelah terserang wabah nyamuk Nebukadnezar meninggal, tahtanya diteruskan oleh putranya, [[Ewil-Merodakh]]. Dua tahun kemudian, Ewil-Merodakh dibunuh oleh iparnya, [[Nergal-sarezer]], suami dari saudara perempuan Ewil-Merodakh.
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