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Ketika Kekaisaran Romawi dibagi atas [[tetrarchy]], Tesalonika menjadi ibukota administratif satu dari 4 bagian Kekaisaran Romawi di bawah [[Galerius Maximianus Caesar]],<ref name="Roman Empire">{{cite book|url=http://books.google.com/books?id=DWiyzw91atgC&pg=PA400&dq=Roman+Empire+tetrarchy+Thessaloniki&hl=en&ei=QaBGTu7bIY2PswaPs8m9CQ&sa=X&oi=book_result&ct=result&resnum=3&ved=0CD4Q6AEwAg#v=onepage&q=Thessalonika&f=false|title=The Roman Empire from Severus to Constantine|author=Pat Southern|year=2001|accessdate=13 August 2011}}</ref><ref name="Roman Empire 2">{{cite book|url=http://books.google.com/books?id=zJl-n-BakRcC&pg=PA52&dq=Roman+Empire+tetrarchy+Thessaloniki&hl=en&ei=6aFGTqWcJ8aUswbZ-fW0Bw&sa=X&oi=book_result&ct=result&resnum=4&ved=0CEMQ6AEwAw#v=onepage&q=Roman%20Empire%20tetrarchy%20Thessaloniki&f=false|title=Meaning and geography: the social conception of the region in northern Greece|author=Alexandros Ph Lagopoulos, Karin Boklund-Lagopoulou|year=1992|accessdate=13 August 2011}}</ref> di mana Galerius memerintahkan pembangunan istana kerajaan, [[hippodrome]] baru, gerbang kemenangan (''triumphal arch'') dan sebuah [[mausoleum]] serta yang lain-lain.<ref name="Roman Empire 2" /><ref name="Roman Art">{{cite book|url=http://books.google.com/books?id=r-r0S-z-UxkC&pg=PA289&dq=Roman+Empire+tetrarchy+Thessaloniki&hl=en&ei=6aFGTqWcJ8aUswbZ-fW0Bw&sa=X&oi=book_result&ct=result&resnum=1&ved=0CDIQ6AEwAA#v=onepage&q=Roman%20Empire%20tetrarchy%20Thessaloniki&f=false|title=A History of Roman Art, Enhanced Edition|author=Fred S. Kleiner|year=2010|accessdate=13 August 2011}}</ref><ref name="Canepa">{{cite book|url=http://books.google.com/books?id=57szORf0_B0C&pg=PA84&dq=Roman+Empire+tetrarchy+Thessaloniki&hl=en&ei=4aNGTur8O4nHsga_o9zJBw&sa=X&oi=book_result&ct=result&resnum=5&ved=0CEoQ6AEwBA#v=onepage&q=Roman%20Empire%20tetrarchy%20Thessaloniki&f=false|title=The two eyes of the Earth: art and ritual of kingship between Rome and Sasanian Iran|author=Matthew P. Canepa|year=2009|accessdate=13 August 2011}}</ref>
Pada tahun 379 ketika Prefecture Romawi Illyricum dibagi atas wilayah Kekaisaran Romawi Timur dan Barat, Tesalonika menjadi ibukota Prefecture baru Illyricum.<ref name="LPTH"/> Setelah jatuhnya Roma pada tahun 476, Tesalonika menjadi kota terbesar kedua di dalam [[Kekaisaran Romawi Timur]].<ref name="Urban history" />
== Putra kota ==
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