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== Sejarah ==
[[File:Tomb of Nakht (10).jpg|thumb|Makam "[[Tomb of Nakht]]", 1500 SM, memuat suatu hieroglif tilapia di bawahatas (sedikit ke kanan) kepala tokoh utama.]]
 
<div>Tilapia disebut dengan banyak nama. Pembudidayaan akuatik tilapia sungai Nil sudah dimulai pada zaman [[Mesir kuno]], di mana ikan ini dilambangkan dengan aksara [[hieroglif Mesir]] ''' K1''', <hiero>K1</hiero>]], pada [[Daftar Kode Gardiner]].</div>
 
Tilapia adalah salah satu dari tiga jenis ikan utama yang ditangkap pada zaman Alkitabiah di [[Danau Galilea]]. Pada waktu itu dikenal dengan nama ''musht'', atau sekarang dengan julukan "Ikan Santo Petrus" ("''St. Peter's fish''"). Nama ini muncul dari kisah yang dicatat pada [[Injil Matius]] mengenai [[Simon Petrus|Santo Petrus]] memancing seekor ikan [[Yesus membayar bea untuk Bait Allah|yang di mulutnya ada sekeping uang bernilai empat dirham untuk membayar bea Bait Allah baginya]] dan bagi [[Yesus]] [[Kristus]], meskipun nas itu tidak menyebut jenis ikannya.<ref name="Matius17">{{Alkitab|Matius 17:24−27}}</ref> Meskipun nama Tilapia juga dipakai untuk menyebut ikan ''[[Zeus faber]]'', yang tidak dijumpai di daerah itu, beberapa spesies tilapia (''[[Sarotherodon galilaeus|Sarotherodon galilaeus galilaeus]]'' dan lain-lain) juga hidup dalam [[Danau Galilea]], di mana kisah dalam [[Injil Matius]] itu terjadi. Spesies ini menjadi sasaran peternakan ikan artisan skala kecil di wilayah tersebut selama beribu-ribu tahun.<ref name="Baker1988">{{cite book |last=Baker |first=Jenny |title=Simply Fish |publisher=Faber & Faber |year=1988 |location=London |page=197 |isbn=0-571-14966-9}}</ref><ref name="Cincy Post Rosencrans">{{cite news |first=Joyce |last=Rosencrans |title=Tilapia is a farmed fish of biblical fame |newspaper=[[The Cincinnati Post]] |publisher=[[E. W. Scripps Company]] |date=2003-07-16 |url=http://www.cincypost.com/2003/07/16/tilap071603.html |accessdate=2007-08-25 |archiveurl=http://web.archive.org/web/20060218163036/http://www.cincypost.com/2003/07/16/tilap071603.html |archivedate=2006-02-18 |accessdate=2012-09-15}}</ref>
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Smaller West [[African]] species, such as ''Tilapia joka'' and species from the crater lakes of [[Cameroon]], are more popular. In specialised [[cichlid]] aquaria, tilapia can be mixed successfully with nonterritorial cichlids, [[Callichthyidae|armored catfish]], [[Barbus schwanefeldi|tinfoil barbs]], [[garpike]] and other robust and dangerous fish. Some species, including ''[[Tilapia buttikoferi]]'', ''[[Tilapia rendalli]]'',''[[Tilapia mariae]]'', ''Tilapia joka'' and the [[brackish]]-water ''[[Sarotherodon|Sarotherodon melanotheron melanotheron]]'', have attractive patterns and are quite decorative.<ref name="AC2008">{{cite web |url=http://www.aquaticcommunity.com/tilapia/aquariums.php
|title=Keeping Tilapia in Aquariums |year=2008 |work=Tilapia |publisher=AC Tropical Fish |accessdate=2009-01-19}}</ref>
-->
 
{{common fish}}
 
=== Spesies komersial ===
===Commercial species===
Jenis [[tilapiine]] dari [[Afrika Utara]] merupakan ikan cichlid komersial terpenting. Tumbuhnya cepat, tahan densitas stoking serta mudah beradaptasi, spesies tilapiine banyak dibudidayakan di berbagai tempat di [[Asia]] dan menjadi akuakultur yang semakin umum di tempat-tempat lain.
The [[tilapiine]]s of [[North Africa]] are the most important commercial cichlids. Fast-growing, tolerant of stocking density, and adaptable, tilapiine species have been introduced and farmed extensively in many parts of [[Asia]] and are increasingly common [[aquaculture]] targets elsewhere.
 
{| class="wikitable collapsible"
|-
! colspan="11"| Principal commercialSpesies tilapia specieskomersial utama
|-
! CommonNama nameumum
! Nama ilmiah
! Scientific name
! MaximumPanjang<br/>lengthumum
! CommonPanjang<br/>lengthumum
! MaximumBerat<br/>weightmaksimum
! MaximumUsia<br/>agemaksimum
! [[Level Trofik]]
! [[Trophic level|Trophic<br/>level]]
! [[FishBase|Fish<br/>Base]]
! [[FAO]]
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| caption2 = <center>↑&nbsp;Aquaculture production</center>
}}
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====Wild species====
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====Aquaculture Akuakultur ====
{{Main|Aquaculture of tilapia}}
[[File:Rednile2jf.JPG|thumb|right|''Red nile tilapia'' underpada experimentationpercobaan indi [[CLSU]], [[Philippines]]]]
 
Farmed tilapia production is about {{convert|1500000|t}} annually with an estimated value of US$1.8 billion,<ref>{{cite web |author=De Silva, S.S; Subasinghe, R.P.; Bartley, D.M.; Lowther, A. |title=Tilapias as Alien Aquatics in Asia and the Pacific: A Review |publisher=FAO Fisheries Technical Paper - No. 453 |year=2004 |url=http://www.fao.org/documents/show_cdr.asp?url_file=/docrep/007/y5728e/y5728e00.HTM}}</ref> about equal to that of [[salmon]] and [[trout]].▼
 
▲FarmedProduksi peternakan tilapia productionadalah is aboutsekitar {{convert|1500000|t}} annually with ansetiap estimatedtahunnya valuedengan ofnilai US$1.8 billionmilyar,<ref>{{cite web |author=De Silva, S.S; Subasinghe, R.P.; Bartley, D.M.; Lowther, A. |title=Tilapias as Alien Aquatics in Asia and the Pacific: A Review |publisher=FAO Fisheries Technical Paper - No. 453 |year=2004 |url=http://www.fao.org/documents/show_cdr.asp?url_file=/docrep/007/y5728e/y5728e00.HTM}}</ref> abouthampir equalsetara to that ofdengan [[salmon]] anddan [[trout]].
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Unlike carnivorous fish, tilapia can feed on [[algae]] or any plant-based food. This reduces the cost of tilapia farming, reduces fishing pressure on prey species, avoids concentrating toxins that accumulate at higher levels of the [[food chain]] and makes tilapia the preferred "aquatic chickens" of the trade.<ref name="Barlow2000">{{cite book|last=Barlow|first=G. W.|year=2000| title=The Cichlid Fishes| publisher=Cambridge, MA: Perseus Publishing| isbn=0-7382-0376-9}}</ref>
 
Diperoleh dari "https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tilapia"