Papirus Bodmer: Perbedaan antara revisi

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'''Papirus Bodmer''' ({{lang-en|Bodmer Papyri}}) adalah sekumpulan 22 naskah [[papirus]] yang ditemukan di Mesir pada tahun 1952. Dinamakan menurut [[Martin Bodmer]] yang membelinya. Naskah-naskah papirus tersebut memuat potongan-potongan dari [[Perjanjian Lama]] dan [[Perjanjian Baru]], sastra [[Kristen]] kuno, karya-karya [[Homer]] dan [[Menander]]. Naskah tertua, [[Papirus 66|P<sup>66</sup>]] bertarikh ~ tahun 200. Naskah-naskah papirus ini disimpan pada [[Bibliotheca Bodmeriana]], di [[Cologny]], [[Swiss]], di luar [[Geneva]]. Pada tahun 2007 Vatican Library memperoleh dua dari naskah-naskah tersebut, [[Papirus 74|P<sup>74</sup>]] dan [[Papirus 75|P<sup>75</sup>]], yang disimpan di [[Vatican Library]].
 
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== Sejarah ==
 
Kumpulan Papirus Bodmer ditemukan pada tahun 1952 di Pabau dekat Dishna, [[Mesir]], pusat kuno dari para biarawan Ordo [[Pachomius]]. Situs penemuan ini tidak jauh dari [[Nag Hammadi]], dimana [[Perpustakaan Nag Hammadi]] yang tersembunyi telah diketemukan beberapa tahun sebelumnya. Naskah-naskah ini diam-diam digabungkan oleh seorang Cypriote, Phokio Tano dari Kairo, kemudian diselundupkan ke [[Swiss]],<ref>A. H. M. Kessels and P. W. Van Der Horst, "The Vision of Dorotheus (Pap. Bodmer 29): Edited with Introduction, Translation and Notes", ''Vigiliae Christianae'' '''41'''.4 (December 1987, pp. 313-359, p 313.</ref> dan di sana dibeli oleh Martin Bodmer (1899–1971). Seri ''Papirus Bodmer'' mulai diterbitkan pada tahun 1954, dengan transkripsi teks dan catatan serta pengantar maupun terjemahan dalam bahasa Perancis. Kumpulan Papirus Bodmer sekarang disimpan di Bibliotheca Bodmeriana, di Cologny, di luar [[Jenewa]].<ref>Beberapa papirus dari sumber yang sama terluput dari Martin Bodmer dan disimpan di tempat lain. Sir [[Alfred Chester Beatty]] memperoleh beberapa di antaranya, dan yang lain berada di [[Oxford, Mississippi]], [[Cologne]] dan [[Barcelona]]. Untuk mudahnya, para ilmuwan menyebut naskah-naskah itu juga sebagai, "Papirus Bodmer". (''Anchor Bible Dictionary'').</ref> Naskah-naskah ini bukan dari penyimpanan kelompok [[Gnostisisme|gnostik]] seperti Perpustakaan Nag Hammadi:, theykarena beartidak somesaja paganmemuat asteks-teks wellKristen, astetapi Christianjuga textsteks-teks non-Kristen, partsdi ofdalam somekumpulan thirty-five35 bookskitab in alltersebut, inbaik dalam [[Copticbahasa language|CopticKoptik]]<ref>Texts in the [[Bohairic]] dialect of Coptic had not previously been known older than the ninth century (6. p 51.</ref> anddan indalam [[Ancientbahasa Greek|GreekYunani]] kuno. WithJika fragmentsfragmen ofsurat-surat correspondenceturut dihitung, the number of individual textsjumlah representedteks reachesinvidual tomencapai fifty50.<ref>''Anchor Bible Dictionary''.</ref> MostKebanyakan ofnaskah the works are inberupa [[codex]] form(kitab jilidan), asedikit fewyang inberupa [[scrollgulungan]]s. ThreeTiga naskah ditulis aredi writtenatas onlembaran [[parchmentperkamen]].
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Books V and VI of Homer's ''[[Iliad]]'' (P<sup>1</sup>), and three comedies of [[Menander]] (''[[Dyskolos]]'' (P<sup>4</sup>), ''[[Samia (play)|Samia]]'' and ''[[Aspis (play)|Aspis]]'') appear among the Bodmer Papyri, as well as gospel texts: [[Papirus 66]] (P<sup>66</sup>), is a text of the [[Gospel of John]],<ref>John 1:1-6:11, 6:35b-14:26 and fragments of forty other pages of John 14-21.</ref> dating around 200CE, in the manuscript tradition called the [[Alexandrian text-type]]. Aside from the papyrus fragment in the [[Rylands Library Papyrus P52]], it is the oldest testimony for John; it omits the passage concerning the moving of the waters (John 5:3b-4) and the [[pericope adulterae|pericope of the woman taken in adultery]] (John 7:53-8:11). P<sup>72</sup> is the earliest known copy of the [[Epistle of Jude]], and 1 and 2 Peter. [[Papirus 75]] (P<sup>75</sup>) is a partial codex containing most of Luke and John. Comparison of the two versions of John in the Bodmer Papyri with the third-century [[Chester Beatty Papyri]] convinced Floyd V. Filson that "...there was no uniform text of the Gospels in Egypt in the third century."<ref>"A comparison of all three, which had their origins in Egypt, shows that there was no uniform text of the Gospels in Egypt in the third century." (Filson 1962: 52).</ref>
 
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The collection includes some non-literary material, such as a collection of letters from the abbots of the monastery of Saint Pachomius, raising the possibility that the unifying circumstance in the collection is that all were part of a monastic library.<ref>Kessels and Van der Horst 1987:214.</ref>
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Papirus Bodmer yang ditemukan terakhir ([Papirus 74|P<sup>74</sup>]]) bertarikh dari abad ke-6 atau ke-7.<ref>Filmer 1962:52.</ref>
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== Vatican acquisition ==
Plans announced by the Foundation Bodmer in October 2006<ref>[http://archiv.twoday.net/stories/2866554/ Sale of Bodmer Papyri]</ref> to sell two of the manuscripts for millions of dollars, to capitalize the library, which opened in 2003, drew consternation from scholars around the world, fearing that the unity of the collection would be broken.