Gereja Episkopal Amerika Serikat: Perbedaan antara revisi

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[[Berkas:Society for Propagating the Gospel seal.gif|left|thumb|150px|Seal of the [[Society for the Propagation of the Gospel in Foreign Parts]].]]
The Church of England became the established church in [[Virginia]] in [[1609]], [[Massachussetts]] in 1620 (until jointly established with the breakaway [[Congregational Church]] in 1660)[http://www.theannunciation.org/episcopalhistory.html], in New Jersey before 1660[http://64webcache.233googleusercontent.161.104com/search?q=cache:9OkVx3zzLpcJ:www.dominiopublico.gov.br/download/texto/gu003043.pdf+%22established+church%22+anglican+%22north+jersey%22&hl=en&gl=us&ct=clnk&cd=6], in the lower part of [[New York]] in 1693, in [[Maryland]] in 1702, in [[South Carolina]] in 1706, in [[North Carolina]] in [[1730]][http://www.dinsdoc.com/weeks-1-3.htm], and in [[Georgia (U.S. state)|Georgia]] in 1758. This was a matter of local taxes being given to the [[vestry]] for use in the churches and schools. Virginia attempted to make requirements about attendance, but with a severe shortage of clergy, they were not enforced. These vestries were part of the Church of England, whose clergy reported to the Bishop of London (from 1635) through appointed "commissaries", especially [[James Blair (clergyman)|James Blair]], who served from 1685 to 1743. After 1702 the "[[Society for the Propagation of the Gospel in Foreign Parts]]" (SPG) began missionary activity throughout the colonies. The ministers were few, the [[glebe]]s small, the salaries inadequate, and the people quite uninterested in religion, as the vestry became in effect a kind of local government. One historian has explained the workings of the [[parish]] (Olmstead, 45):
<blockquote>
The parish was a local unit concerned with such matters as the conduct and support of the parish church, the supervision of morals, and the care of the poor. Its officers, who made up the vestry, were ordinarily influential and wealthy property holders chosen by a majority of the parishioners. They appointed the parish ministers, made local assessments, and investigated cases of moral offense for referral to the county court, the next higher judicatory. They also selected the church wardens, who audited the parish accounts and prosecuted morals cases. For several decades the system worked in a democratic fashion, but by the 1660s, the vestries had generally become self-perpetuating units made up of well-to-do landowners. This condition was sharply resented by the small farmers and servants.