Ayin: Perbedaan antara revisi
Konten dihapus Konten ditambahkan
JohnThorne (bicara | kontrib) Tidak ada ringkasan suntingan |
JohnThorne (bicara | kontrib) Tidak ada ringkasan suntingan |
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Baris 1:
{{Phoenician glyph|letname=Ayin|previouslink=Samekh (huruf Ibrani)|previousletter=Samekh|nextlink=Pe (huruf Ibrani)|nextletter=Pe|archar=ع,ع,ع|sychar=ܥ|hechar= ע|amchar=ayin|gechar=ዐ|phchar=ayin|grchar=Ο|lachar=O|cychar=О|ipa=[[ʕ]]|num=16|gem=70}}
'''{{transl|sem|Ayin}}''' atau '''{{transl|sem|ʿayin}}''' ({{IPA-he|ajin, ʕajin, ʔajin|lang}}<sup>[[#Huruf Ibrani Ayin|[lihat di bawah]]]</sup> {{IPA-ar|ʕajn|lang}}<sup>[[#Arabic ʿAyn|[see below]]]</sup>)
Huruf Fenisia menghasilkan [[Alfabet Yunani]] [[Omicron]] (Ο), [[Alfabet Latin]] [[O]], dan [[Alfabet Sirilik]] (О), semuanya melambangkan huruf hidup.
== Asal usul ==
{{Semitic alphabet}}
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The sound represented by ayin is common to much of the [[Afro-Asiatic languages|Afrasiatic language family]], such as the Egyptian, Cushitic, and Semitic languages. Some scholars believe that the sound in [[Proto-Indo-European language|Proto-Indo-European]] transcribed h<sub>3</sub> was similar, though this is debatable. (See [[Laryngeal theory#Pronunciation|Laryngeal theory]].)
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== Transliterasi ==
Baris 47:
Ejaan Ibrani: <big>{{lang|he|עַיִן}}</big>
Ayin,
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===Phonetic representation===
Ayin has traditionally been described as a [[voiced pharyngeal fricative]] ({{IPA|[ʕ]}}). However, this may be imprecise. Although a pharyngeal fricative has occasionally been observed for ayin in Arabic, and so therefore may occur in Hebrew as well, the sound is more commonly [[voiced epiglottal fricative|epiglottal]] ({{IPAblink|ʢ}}),<ref name=SOWL>Ladefoged, Peter & Ian Maddieson (1996). ''The sounds of the world’s languages''. Oxford: Blackwells. ISBN 0-631-19814-8</ref> and may also be a [[pharyngealization|pharyngealized]] [[glottal stop]] ({{IPA|[ʔˤ]}}).
Baris 59:
In [[Yiddish language|Yiddish]], the ʿÁyin is used to write the vowel [[E]] (when not part of the [[diphthong]] ''ey'').
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=== Nilai penting ===
Dalam [[gematria]], ayin melambangkan angka 70.
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Ayin is also one of the seven letters which receive special crowns (called ''[[Tag (Hebrew writing)|tagin]]'') when written in a [[Sefer Torah]]. See [[Shin (letter)|Shin]], [[Gimmel]], [[Teth]], [[Nun (letter)|Nun]], [[Zayin]], and [[Tzade|Tzadi]].
Because the sound is difficult for most non-Arabs to pronounce, it is often used as a [[shibboleth]] by Arabic-speakers; other sounds, such as [[Heth (letter)|{{transl|ar|Ḥā}}]] and [[Ḍād|{{transl|ar|Ḍād}}]] are also used.{{Citation needed|date=April 2010}}
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== Huruf Arab ʿAyn==
: ''Berbeda dengan {{lang|ar|[[ء]]}} (hamzah) yang kelihatan mirip, dan diturunkan dari, mula-mula {{lang|ar|عـ}}''
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